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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Pontius Pilate/Pilatus
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- Roman governor of Judea under Emperor Tiberius
- 26-36 CE - Ordered execution of Jesus, though according to gospel he did not agree with his decree - Historical proof (of him) found on "Pilate Stone" |
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King Josiah
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- Succeeded his father Amon as king of Judah (age 8)
- 640-609 BCE - Found "Book of Law" after renovating temple - Went on religious rampage, getting rid of all idol worship in the kingdom, had the first Passover since Samuel - Attempted to reunite kingdom of Israel with Judah - Died in battle with Egyptians - Last king before destruction began |
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Herod the Great
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- Ruler of Judea 37-4 BCE
- Ruler during birth of Jesus - Constructor of projects such as Masada, Cesearia Maritima, and expansion of the Second Temple - Elected "King of the Jews" by Roman Senate, then captured Jerusalem from Antigonus (37 BCE) - Super paranoid, killed a ton of family members - Mentioned in Matthew as a Jewish baby killer (to get rid of prospect new king Jesus)... no record confirms this |
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Jesus of Nazareth
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- around 7-32 CE
- Central figure of Christianity - Born during second temple era under Herod's rule - lived in Nazareth (Galilee) - Carpenter and philosopher - Apparently began his calling after pilgrimage to Temple for Passover |
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Manetho
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- Lived 3rd Cent. BCE under Ptolemy kings
- Wrote history of Egypt - Divided Egypt's history into 30 dynasties - Significant for ID of "Hyksos" possibly the Jews in Egypt |
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Cyrus
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- Reigned over Achaemenid Empire in mid 500s BCE
- "Koresh" in Bible - Responsible for return of Jews to Isreal from Babylonian Exile - Tolerant of religions he ruled over |
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Alexander the Great
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- Ruled over massive Greek/ Macedonian empire 336-323 BCE
- Jewish myth about conquering of Israel with the Cohen Gadol - Ushered in Hellenistic era |
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Septuagint
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- aka LXX
- Greek translation of Hebrew Bible - Ptolemy II possible sponsor - Created 3rd-1st Cent. BCE |
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King David
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- Lived 1010-970 BCE
- First Judah ruler of Israel - Writer of Psalms, warrior, womanizer, "righteous" king |
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Documentary Hypothesis
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- Claims that Torah was written as 4 separate documents (JEPD voices)
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Julius Wellhausen
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- Late 19th-early 20th cent. biblical scholar
- Creator of Documentary Hypothesis |
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Maccabean Revolt
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- 167-160 BCE
- Created Hasmonean Dynasty - Against Hellenism and Greek rule (Antiochus Epiphanes) - Source: Book of Maccabees |
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Tel el-Amarna Tablets
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- 18th Dynasty Egypt
mid 1300s BCE - Mention "Hebrews" as a people - Cuneiform |