Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
131 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
A comparison of five different bone resorption markers in osteosarcoma-bearing dogs, normal dogs, and dogs with orthopedic diseases
|
Compared with healthy dogs and dogs with orthopedic disorders, urine NTx, serum NTx, and serum CTx concentrations were significantly increased in dogs with OSA. For urine NTx and serum NTx, the calculated lower and upper 95% confidence limits in dogs with OSA did not overlap with dogs diagnosed with orthopedic disorders or healthy dogs.
|
|
|
A novel clinical scoring system for outcome prediction in dogs with acute kidney injury managed by hemodialysis
|
Higher clinical scores were associated with decreased probability of survival.
|
|
|
A novel leukoencephalomyelopathy of Leonberger dogs
|
This report describes the clinical signs, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, and neuropathology of a novel neurodegenerative disorder affecting the white matter of brain and spinal cord in 2 Leonberger dogs.
|
|
|
A phase II clinical trial of vinorelbine in dogs with cutaneous mast cell tumors
|
Vinorelbine doesn't work well for canine MCT.
Vinorelbine was associated with an overall response rate of 13% and a high prevalence of neutropenia. Additional studies are indicated to determine if repeated dosing of vinorelbine or combination of vinorelbine with other drugs increases the observed biologic activity against canine MCT |
|
|
A single sample method for evaluating 51chromium-ethylene diaminic tetraacetic acid clearance in normal and hyperthyroid cats
|
From the results of this study it can be concluded that in healthy cats and cats with hyperthyroidism GFR can be estimated by determining renal clearance of the radio- nuclide 51Cr-EDTA and that high correlation is found between multiple sample based clearance measurements and 51Cr-EDTA clearance evaluation with the single sample technique.
The optimal time for an SBS was 48 minutes. |
|
|
ABCB1-1Delta polymorphism can predict hematologic toxicity in dogs treated with vincristine
|
At currently recommended dosages (0.5–0.7mg/M2), vincristine is likely to cause hematologic toxicity in dogs with the ABCB1-1D mutation, resulting in treatment delays and unacceptable morbidity and mortality. Assessing the ABCB1-1D genotype before vincristine administration and decreasing the dosage may prevent toxicity and treatment delays resulting from neutropenia or thrombocytopenia.
|
|
|
Acute hemobilia and hemocholecyst in 2 dogs with gallbladder carcinoid
|
2 cases of hemobilia and hemocholecyst secondary to gallbladder carcinoid in the dog.
|
|
|
Adrenal response to adrenocorticotropic hormone in dogs before and after surgical attenuation of a single congenital portosystemic shunt
|
Contrary to previous reports, baseline cortisol concentrations in CPSS and healthy dogs are similar. Many CPSS dogs have postoperative hypercortisolemia. Response to ACTH does not correlate with postoperative hypoglycemia or prolonged anesthetic recovery.
|
|
|
Aluminum toxicity following administration of aluminum-based phosphate binders in 2 dogs with renal failure
|
Serum aluminum concentrations were markedly increased. Chelation of aluminum resolved neurological signs.
|
|
|
Amantadine in a multimodal analgesic regimen for alleviation of refractory osteoarthritis pain in dogs
|
In dogs with osteoarthritic pain refractory to an NSAID, physical activity is improved by the addition of amantadine. Amantadine might be a useful adjunct therapy for the clinical management of canine osteoarthritic pain.
|
|
|
Androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphisms in canine prostate cancer
|
In this preliminary study, short CAG-1 repeats in the AR-gene were associated with an increased risk of developing canine PC. Although breed-specific differences in allelic distribution of CAG-1 and CAG-3 repeats were found, these could not be related to PC risk.
|
|
|
Anti-erythrocyte antibodies and disease associations in anemic and nonanemic dogs
|
Anemic dogs with immune-mediated diseases and infectious diseases were at the highest risk for the development of anti-RBC antibodies, and flow cytometry for the detection of IgG on RBC was highly sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of IMHA.
|
|
|
Anti-insulin antibodies in diabetic dogs before and after treatment with different insulin preparations
|
This study indicates that bovine insulin is more immunogenic than porcine insulin when used for treatment of diabetic dogs.
|
|
|
Antigen and antibody testing for the diagnosis of blastomycosis in dogs
|
The sensitivity for the detection of antigen in urine was 93.5% and it was 87.0% in serum. The sensitivity of antibody detection by agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) was 17.4% and it was 76.1% by EIA. Antigen and antibody decreased during itraconazole treatment.
Antigen detection is a more sensitive test for diagnosis of blastomycosis than antibody testing by AGID, the only commercially available method. Antigen concentrations decreased with treatment. |
|
|
Association of age and heart rate with pulsed-wave Doppler measurements in healthy, nonsedated cats
|
The association of several PW Doppler-derived variables and age and heart rate is weak and not clinically important.
|
|
|
Association of body weight and body condition with survival in dogs with heart failure
|
Survival was significantly different between dogs that gained, lost, or maintained body weight over the course of their disease, with dogs that gained weight surviving the longest.
BCS and medications were not significantly associated with survival time; however, Ω-3 fatty acid intake was associated with longer survival time. |
|
|
Bartonella DNA in the blood and lymph nodes of Golden Retrievers with lymphoma and in healthy controls
|
Bartonella DNA can be detected in blood and lymph nodes; importantly, in this report, Bartonella was detected in the same proportion of clinically healthy dogs and dogs with lymphoma. Longitudinal studies should be conducted to determine the mode of transmission of Bartonella in dogs, whether lymphatic infection is persistent, or whether these bacteria may contribute to the development of lymphoma.
|
|
|
Bartonella-associated meningoradiculoneuritis and dermatitis or panniculitis in 3 dogs
|
First report of spinal cord involvement of a granuloma associated with Bartonella infection. Dogs responded to either fluoroquinolone or azithromycin therapy after surgery.
|
|
|
Bradycardia-associated syncope in 7 Boxers with ventricular tachycardia (2002-2005)
|
Neurocardiogenic bradycardia or VTach can occur as isolated problems in Boxers. In some Boxers, VTach and potential or manifest neurocardiogenic bradycardia coexist. The administration of a b-blocker or sotalol to such dogs can aggravate or precipitate neurocardiogenic bradycardia-related syncope.
|
|
|
Canine intraspinal meningiomas: imaging features, histopathologic classification, and long-term outcome in 34 dogs
|
Biopsy is necessary for definitive diagnosis, but imaging and CSF analysis can suggest a diagnosis of meningioma. Treatment of meningiomas with surgery and radiation therapy can result in a fair to excellent prognosis.
|
|
|
Canine lymphoproliferative disease characterized by lymphocytosis: immunophenotypic markers of prognosis
|
Four main phenotypic classifications were found: CD8+ T-cell, CD21+ B-cell, CD4-8-5+ (aberrant T-cell phenotype), and CD34+ (undifferentiated progenitor).
Expression of CD34 predicted poor outcome with median survival of 16 days compared with other phenotypes. Within the CD8+ phenotype, dogs presenting with a lymphocytosis >30,000 lymphocytes/mL had significantly shorter median survival than those presenting with <30,000 lymphocytes/mL. Within the T-cell leukemias, there was no difference in outcome between dogs with CD4-8-5+ leukemia and dogs with the CD8+ T-cell phenotype nor was the loss of expression of the pan-leukocyte marker CD45 associated with decreased survival time. A CD21+ lymphocytosis composed of large cells was associated with shorter survival time than those with smaller circulating cells. Immunophenotyping provides an objective method for determining prognosis in lymphoproliferative disorders characterized by lymphocytosis. |
|
|
Cardiac arrhythmias and serum cardiac troponins in Vipera palaestinae envenomation in dogs
|
Dogs envenomed by V.palaestinae appear to sustain some degree of myocardial injury, as reflected by increased serum cTn concentrations and by the occurrence of arrhythmias. The latter should alert clinicians to a potentially ongoing cardiac injury. An increase in cTn-T may be of clinical relevance and indicate a cardiac injury in V. palaestinae envenomations in dogs.
|
|
|
Choroid plexus tumors in 56 dogs
|
MRI, CSF analysis or both can help to differentiate between CP Papillomas and CP Carcinomas, and may provide valuable prognostic and pretreatment information.
|
|
|
Chronic disseminated Mycobacterium xenopi infection in a cat with idiopathic CD4+ T lymphocytopenia
|
Cat survived for 7 years with combination therapy with enrofloxacin or ciprofloxacin, rifampin, clofazimine, and clarithromycin. Suspected CD 4+ T-Cell deficiency predisposed cat to mycobacterium infection
|
|
|
Chronicity of atrial fibrillation affects duration of sinus rhythm after transthoracic cardioversion of dogs with naturally occurring atrial fibrillation
|
The presence of structural heart disease and the duration of documented AF had significant effects on maintenance of sinus rhythm after cardioversion.
The duration of documented AF was inversely related to the duration of sinus rhythm in dogs with and without structural heart disease. |
|
|
Circulating natriuretic peptides in cats with heart disease
|
Serum concentrations of NT-proANP and particularly NT-proBNP were different in healthy control cats, asymptomatic cats with HD, and cats with CHF, suggesting that measurement of NP concentrations may prove clinically useful as an initial screening test for cats with suspected cardiac disease.
|
|
|
Clinical features of canine granulocytic anaplasmosis in 18 naturally infected dogs
|
Clinical findings in dogs with CGA were nonspecific. Positive platelet-bound antibody test results suggest immune-mediated platelet destruction as an important pathogenic mechanism. With correct diagnosis and treatment (doxy), prognosis is good.
|
|
|
Clinical signs, histology, and CD3-positive cells before and after treatment of dogs with chronic enteropathies
|
Currently used histopathologic grading scores,total numbers of cells, and numbers of CD3-positive cells did not allow differentiation between FRD and SRD and did not correlate with clinical response to therapy. Based on these results, new grading scores assessing other criteria than total cell numbers and CD3-positive cells should be evaluated in the future.
|
|
|
Clinicopathologic and diagnostic imaging characteristics of systemic aspergillosis in 30 dogs
|
Systemic aspergillosis typically involves young to middle-age female German Shepherd dogs, and there are characteristic (although not pathognomonic) abdominal ultrasound findings with the disease process. Infection with A. deflectus was as common as A. terreus, and in rare cases, long-term survival was associated with antifungal therapy.
|
|
|
Clinicopathological features and outcome for dogs with mast cell tumors and bone marrow involvement
|
BM involvement in MCT is rare.
A combination of clinical and laboratory evaluation helps in identifying dogs with MCT and BM infiltration. Administration of lomustine is not helpful in affected dogs. Beneficial effects were seen with imatinib and warrant further investigation. |
|
|
Combination chemotherapy in feline lymphoma: treatment outcome, tolerability, and duration in 23 cats
|
In this population of cats with lymphoma, chemotherapy was effective. With infrequent and mostly low-grade toxicosis, tolerability of the protocol may be considered good.
L-asparaginase, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, methotrexate, and prednisolone |
|
|
Combination of CCNU and DTIC chemotherapy for treatment of resistant lymphoma in dogs
|
A combination of CCNU and DTIC can be an effective option to rescue dogs with resistant lymphoma.
|
|
|
Comparative analysis of survivin expression in untreated and relapsed canine lymphoma
|
Survivin expression is a negative prognostic factor that can predict early treatment failure of dogs that present with stage IIIa or IVa, B-cell LSA when treated with a CHOP-based protocol.
|
|
|
Comparison of 3 ultrasound methods for quantifying left ventricular systolic function: correlation with disease severity and prognostic value in dogs with mitral valve disease
|
End-systolic volume index can be calculated by GM and PM with good repeatability and reproducibility. However, GM overestimates ESVI in a nonlinear way. Therefore, PM-derived ESVI should be preferred for the detection of SyD that is present at the late stages of the disease.
|
|
|
Comparison of postprandial and ceruletide serum bile acid stimulation in dogs
|
Ceruletide SBA stimulation circumvents exogenous and endogenous influences asso- ciated with PP SBA stimulation. The results indicate that ceruletide SBA stimulation performs as well as PP SBA stimulation in dogs with PSS and is more sensitive for the detection of hepatic dysfunction in dogs with upper respiratory disease.
|
|
|
Computer-assisted magnetic resonance imaging brain morphometry in American Staffordshire Terriers with cerebellar cortical degeneration
|
Relative cerebellar size and relative CSF space calculated from MRI are effective in American Staffordshire Terriers to differentiate between normal animals and those with cerebellar cortical degeneration.
|
|
|
Concentrations of acute-phase proteins in dogs with steroid responsive meningitis-arteritis
|
CRP concentrations in serum are useful in diagnosis of dogs with SRMA. Serum CRP could be used as a monitoring parameter in treatment management of these dogs.
|
|
|
Concurrent hepatic copper toxicosis and Fanconi's syndrome in a dog
|
Report suggests a possible link between copper toxicosis and Fanconi's syndrome. Chelation of copper resolved Fanconi's syndrome in this WHWT
|
|
|
Congenital thyroid hypoplasia and seizures in 2 littermate kittens
|
Congenital hypothyroidism can usually be successfully treated with thyroid supplementation. The unique seizures in these cats were unusual and unexplained.
|
|
|
Contrast harmonic imaging characterization of canine splenic lesions
|
Moderate to extensive hypoechogenicity clearly identifies canine splenic malignant lesions. In nodules with marked enhancement, contrast harmonic ultrasound is of limited value and histology is needed.
|
|
|
Contrast-enhanced power and color Doppler ultrasonography of the pancreas in healthy and diseased cats
|
Contrast-enhanced Doppler ultrasonography appears feasible in the feline pancreas. Significant differences in vascularity and blood volume were found between normal cats and those with evidence of pancreatic pathology.
Further studies are needed to evaluate its use for the differentiation of pancreatic disorders and in cats suspected to have pancreatic disease but without B-mode ultrasonographic changes of the pancreas. |
|
|
Correlation between the histopathological diagnosis by AgNOR count and AgNOR area in canine mammary tumors
|
The results indicated that an AgNOR test could be an aid to pathologists as a prog- nostic indicator or to assist them in deciding between a benign or a malignant diagnosis in questionable cases.
|
|
|
Detection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis-specific DNA by PCR in intestinal biopsies of dogs
|
Mycobacterium avium paratubuculosis (MAP)-specific DNA was detected in approximately one fifth of dogs with chronic gastrointestinal disease and might play a role as a pathogenic agent. Apart from animal welfare, the zoonotic aspect warrants further studies addressing the viability of MAP organism in canine intestinal biopsies by culture.
|
|
|
Differentiation of feline immunodeficiency virus vaccination, infection, or vaccination and infection in cats
|
With the exception of viral isolation, the discriminant ELISA is the most reliable assay for diagnosis of FIV. A practical strategy for the diagnosis of FIV infection would be to use existing commercial FIV antibody assays as screening tests. Negative results with commercial assays are highly reliable predictors for lack of infection. Positive results can be confirmed with the discriminant ELISA. If the discriminant ELISA is negative, the cat is probably vaccinated against FIV but not infected. Positive results are likely to represent infection.
|
|
|
Echocardiographic ratio indices in overtly healthy Boxer dogs screened for heart disease
|
Boxer dogs may have an increased relative thickness of the LVW and IVS that is independent of aortic size, aortic velocity, or arterial blood pressure, and this morphology should be taken into consideration when screening Boxers by echocardiography.
|
|
|
Effect of a short-term infusion with soybean oil-based lipid emulsion on phagocytic responses of canine peripheral blood polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocytes
|
These results suggest that short-term infusions with a supraphysiological dose of SO- based LE may decrease the immune functions of canine PMNs. However, more long-term studies will be needed to extrapolate the effect of SO-based LE with clinically relevant doses in a practical situation.
|
|
|
Effect of benazepril on survival and cardiac events in dogs with asymptomatic mitral valve disease: a retrospective study of 141 cases
|
BNZ had beneficial effects in asymptomatic dogs other than CKC and KC affected by MVD with moderate-to-severe MR. Breed distribution should be taken into account for interpretation of clinical trials performed in dogs with cardiac disease.
|
|
|
Effect of chemotherapy schedule on response in Waldenström's macroglobulinemia in a dog
|
10 days on 10 days off of melphalan did not result in a response in this dog. Alternate day melphalan and pred provided durable remission suggesting dose interval may play a role in treatment outcome.
|
|
|
Effect of pimobendan on case fatality rate in Doberman Pinschers with congestive heart failure caused by dilated cardiomyopathy
|
Pimobendan should be used as a first-line therapeutic in Doberman Pinschers for the treatment of CHF caused by DCM.
|
|
|
Effect of pimobendan or benazepril hydrochloride on survival times in dogs with congestive heart failure caused by naturally occurring myxomatous mitral valve disease: the QUEST study
|
Pimobendan plus conventional therapy prolongs time to sudden death, euthanasia for cardiac reasons, or treatment failure in dogs with CHF caused by Myxomatous MVD compared with benazepril plus conventional therapy.
|
|
|
Effect of sample quality on the sensitivity of endoscopic biopsy for detecting gastric and duodenal lesions in dogs and cats
|
The quality of endoscopically obtained tissue samples has a profound effect on their sensitivity for identifying certain lesions, and there are differences between biopsies of canine and feline tissues.
|
|
|
Effect of spironolactone on diastolic function and left ventricular mass in Maine Coon cats with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
|
No improvement of diastolic function nor decrease in LV mass due to spironolactone was found in this study.
SPIR did not improve Em or Easum of the lateral mitral annulus or alter LV mass over 4 months. One third of cats treated with SPIR developed severe ulcerative facial dermatitis. |
|
|
Effect of tyrosine kinase inhibition by imatinib mesylate on mast cell tumors in dogs
|
Imatinib mesylate has clinical activity against MCT in dogs. Response could not be predicted based on presence of absence of a mutation in exon 11 of c-kit.
|
|
|
Effects of aging on brainstem responses to toneburst auditory stimuli: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study in dogs
|
Age-related hearing loss in these dogs started around 8–10 years of age and encom- passed the entire frequency range, but started and progressed most rapidly in the middle- to high-frequency area. Its progression can be followed by BERA with frequency-specific stimulation.
|
|
|
Effects of time of collection and sample processing on von Willebrand factor concentration in retired racing greyhounds
|
Time of sample collection and short-term storage temperature do not influence the vWF concentration in retired racing Greyhounds.
|
|
|
Efficacy and toxicosis of VELCAP-C treatment of lymphoma in cats
|
This multi-agent protocol did not provide improved survival over historical data using protocols with fewer agents. Serum LDH activity levels might provide useful prognostic information for cats with lymphoma.
|
|
|
Efficacy of pradofloxacin in cats with feline upper respiratory tract disease due to Chlamydophila felis or Mycoplasma infections
|
This study demonstrates that both pradofloxacin and doxycycline have good efficacy against C. felis and Mycoplasma spp., resulting in a marked improvement of clinical signs. However, C. felis DNA remained in some cats after treatment with pradofloxacin, suggesting that infection might not have been eliminated.
|
|
|
Efficacy of vinblastine for treatment of canine mast cell tumors
|
Vinblastine, when used as a single-agent, has activity against MCTs in dogs although the response rate is lower than those reported for VBL-containing combination protocols. Further, findings suggest VBL at a dosage of 3.5 mg/m2 should be considered for use in future phase II/III trials.
|
|
|
Endocrine and immunologic effects of inhaled fluticasone propionate in healthy dogs
|
Peak serum cortisol concentrations post- ACTH were significantly decreased in prednisone- and fluticasone-treated dogs compared with placebo (prednisone > fluticasone).
Serum IgM concentrations were significantly decreased in dogs treated with prednisone. |
|
|
Endotracheal stent granulation stenosis resolution after colchicine therapy in a dog
|
Colchicine at 0.03 mg/kg resolved tracheal granulation stenosis after 16 weeks of treatment in a 6 yo FS Yorkie with collapsing trachea treated with a stent.
|
|
|
Epidemiology of necrotizing meningoencephalitis in Pug dogs
|
NME appears to be a common cause of intracranial signs in Pugs, based on the high proportion of NME dogs reported in this population.
Pugs with NME are most commonly young adult female dogs. Although further investigation is needed to determine the optimal treatment of NME, anticonvulsive drugs appear to beneficially affect duration of survival. |
|
|
Estimation of left ventricular filling pressure by Doppler echocardiography in dogs with pacing-induced heart failure
|
Doppler echocardiography can be used to predict LVFP in dogs with mild left-sided CHF induced by rapid pacing.
|
|
|
Evaluation of human recombinant tissue factor-activated thromboelastography in 49 dogs with neoplasia
|
TF-activated TEG detected hypercoagulable and hypocoagulable states in this pop- ulation of dogs with neoplasia. The most common hemostatic abnormality in dogs with malignant neoplasia was hypercoagulability. These findings suggest that this novel hemostatic function test may be of value as a cage side method for the assessment of overall hemostatic function in dogs with cancer, including the detection of both hyper- and hypocoagulable states as well as mixed disorders.
|
|
|
Evaluation of NT-pro BNP and CT-ANP as markers of concentric hypertrophy in dogs with a model of compensated aortic stenosis
|
CT-ANP did not correlate with any measurments in this study.
This study indicated the differential regulation of NT-pro BNP and CT-ANP concentrations during pressure overload. NT-pro BNP assay may be used as an additional screening method to stratify early-stage ventricular remodeling because of aortic constriction. |
|
|
Evaluation of plasma C-terminal atrial natriuretic peptide in healthy cats and cats with heart disease
|
Volume overload significantly increased the C-terminal ANP concentration and left atrial pressure (LAP) from baseline.
The C-terminal ANP concentration was strongly correlated with the mean LAP. Age, E wave velocity, and the ratios of the left atrium to aorta were significantly higher in the cats with cardiomyopathy compared with the normal cats. The C-terminal ANP concentration was significantly higher in the cats with cardiomyopathy compared with the normal cats. |
|
|
Factors associated with the occurrence of epistaxis in natural canine leishmaniasis (Leishmania infantum)
|
CanL-associated epistaxis appears to be the result of multiple and variable pathogenetic factors such as thrombocytopathy, hyperglobulinemia-induced serum hyperviscosity, and nasal mucosa ulceration.
|
|
|
Feline visceral hemangiosarcoma
|
Feline visceral HSA is most often multifocal at the time of diagnosis. The prognosis appears poor, and the number of cats receiving chemotherapy is low.
|
|
|
Gastrointestinal pythiosis in 10 dogs from California
|
Seven of 8 dogs for which environmental data were available had frequent access to flooded rice fields or other water sources. Esophageal lesions were present in 2 of 10 dogs. Common laboratory find- ings included eosinophilia (7/9), hypoalbuminemia (9/9), and hyperglobulinemia (8/9). Median survival time was 26.5 days (range, 0–122 days), and the disease was ultimately fatal in all 10 dogs.
|
|
|
Gestational diabetes mellitus in 13 dogs
|
This report suggests that GDM affects mainly middle-aged bitches in the 2nd half of pregnancy with a breed predisposition toward Nordic Spitz breeds. GDM may resolve within days to weeks after pregnancy has ended. Further research is needed to investigate optimal treatment regimens for dogs with GDM and risk factors for unsuccessful outcome.
|
|
|
Glomerular filtration rate estimated by 3-sample plasma clearance of iohexol in 118 healthy dogs
|
Interpretation of GFR results for early diagnosis of renal failure should take into account the weight and the age of the patient for small dogs.
|
|
|
Glomerular filtration rate in dogs with leishmaniasis and chronic kidney disease
|
Results indicate that abnormalities in GFR can be detected early in the course of CKD secondary to leishmaniasis. Although a reduced GFR can be present in some proteinuric, nonazotemic dogs, glomerular hyperfiltration can also be observed in some of these patients.
In the authors’ opinion, longitudinal studies that include GFR measurement and kidney histopathology would be necessary to clarify the role of glomerular hyperfiltration in the progression of CKD in proteinuric patients. |
|
|
Holmium: YAG laser lithotripsy for urolithiasis in dogs
|
Laser lithotripsy is an effective procedure for the removal of urocystoliths, urethroliths, or both with rare important adverse effects and some limitations in male dogs.
Sex was identified as a predictor of success. Univariable analysis showed that sex, endoscope type, and chronological order in which the dog received lithotripsy were significantly associated with lithotripsy time. Stepwise linear regression modeling identified sex, body weight, >10 uroliths, and largest urolith dimension as predictors of lithotripsy time. |
|
|
Hormone therapy for treatment of colonic vascular ectasia in 2 dogs
|
Although surgical resection is the preferred method of treatment for colonic vascular ectasia, hormone therapy is a viable alternative to surgery. Oral hormone therapy effectively decreased the severity and frequency of hematochezia in both patients, controlled their clinical signs, and maintained a normal hematocrit without surgical intervention.
|
|
|
Hypercoagulability in cats with cardiomyopathy
|
Systemic hypercoagulability is evident in many cardiomyopathic cats, often without concurrent CHF or overt ATE. Hypercoagulabilty may represent a risk factor for ATE.
High vWF : Ag in ATE cats was attributed to downstream endothelial injury from the occlusive thrombus. |
|
|
Idiopathic immune-mediated hemolytic anemia: treatment outcome and prognostic factors in 149 dogs
|
Cox proportional hazards analysis indicated that increased plasma urea concentration, icterus, and petechiae were the major independent predictors of mortality in the 1st 2 weeks. In most dogs that survived IMHA, a 3-month protocol of azathioprine with prednisolone maintained clinical remission.
|
|
|
Impact of telomerase status on canine osteosarcoma patients
|
These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the majority of canine OSA are telomerase positive, suggesting that telomerase may be a valuable target for canine OSA therapy. Additionally, telomerase status does not appear to be a prognostic factor in canine OSA.
|
|
|
In vivo and in vitro efficacy of zoledronate for treating oral squamous cell carcinoma in cats
|
Zoledronate exerts in vitro and in vivo effects that may favor the slowing of tumor growth and pathologic bone turnover associated with OSCC.
|
|
|
Infectious diseases of dogs and cats on Isabela Island, Galapagos
|
Despite their relative seclusion from the rest of the world, cats and dogs of Isabela were exposed to many pathogens found in mainland South America. Parasite prophylaxis, neutering, and strict enforcement of animal movement restrictions would control a majority of the diseases. In the absence of vaccination, a reservoir of susceptible animals remains vulnerable to new disease introductions.
|
|
|
Investigating CXCR4 expression in canine appendicular osteosarcoma
|
Canine OSA cells express CXCR4, and its signaling participates in directional migra- tion. Most dogs with spontaneously arising OSA express CXCR4 within their primary tumors.
|
|
|
Investigating TrkA expression in canine appendicular osteosarcoma
|
Canine OSA cells express TrkA, and its signaling protects against apoptosis. Most dogs with spontaneously arising OSA express TrkA within their primary tumors and pulmonary metastatic lesions, warranting further investigations with TrkA antagonists as a novel treatment option for canine OSA.
|
|
|
Laparoscopic diagnosis of pancreatic disease in dogs and cats
|
Laparoscopy and pancreatic biopsy is useful for evaluation of pancreatic disease.
|
|
|
Lidocaine converts acute vagally associated atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm in German Shepherd dogs with inherited arrhythmias
|
Vagally associated AF in GS dogs is terminated with lidocaine. Lidocaine is likely an effective treatment in clinical dogs with vagally associated AF.
|
|
|
Lumbar cerebrospinal fluid in dogs with type I intervertebral disc herniation
|
Moderate to marked CSF pleocytosis in dogs with type II VDH is more common than previously reported. Lymphocytic pleocytosis is most common in dogs with chronic progression or AOC IVDH. Lymphocytic inflammation in the CSF of some dogs might suggest an immune-mediated response to chronically herniated disc material.
|
|
|
Magnetic resonance imaging and histological classification of intracranial meningiomas in 112 dogs
|
Meningiomas in dogs differ from their counterparts in humans mainly in their higher incidence of atypical (Grade II) tumors observed. MRI characteristics do not allow for prediction of meningioma subtype or grade, emphasizing the necessity of histopathology for antemortem diagnosis. The higher incidence of atypical tumors in dogs may con- tribute to the poorer therapeutic response in dogs with meningiomas as compared with the response in humans with meningiomas.
|
|
|
Marbofloxacin for the treatment of experimentally induced Mycoplasma haemofelis infection in cats
|
Marbofloxacin was safe and resulted in more rapid hematologic improvement in M. haemofelis-infected cats, but did not change clinical scores and did not consistently eliminate infection.
|
|
|
Masitinib is safe and effective for the treatment of canine mast cell tumors
|
Masitinib is safe and effective at delaying tumor progression in dogs presenting with recurrent or nonresectable grade II or III nonmetastatic MCT.
|
|
|
Metronomic therapy with cyclophosphamide and piroxicam effectively delays tumor recurrence in dogs with incompletely resected soft tissue sarcomas
|
Metronomic therapy with cyclophosphamide and piroxicam was very effective in preventing tumor recurrence in dogs with incompletely resected STS. These findings suggest that further evaluation of this approach is warranted as adjuvant therapy in dogs with highly metastatic tumors such as osteosarcoma and melanoma.
|
|
|
Minimally invasive per-catheter patent ductus arteriosus occlusion in dogs using a prototype duct occluder
|
Per-catheter PDA occlusion in dogs with the ACDO is feasible and effective in dogs of a wide range of weights and somatotypes and with PDAs of varying shapes and sizes.
|
|
|
Multicentric lymphoma mimicking decompensated hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a cat
|
This report suggests that moderate to severe pericardial effusion in the presence of concentric left ventricular hypertrophy may be indicative of an infiltrative neoplastic process rather than primary hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
|
|
|
Multidrug-resistant E. coli and enterobacter extraintestinal infection in 37 dogs
|
Predisposing disease condition, any prior antimicrobial use rather than a specific class of antimicrobial, duration of hospitalization, and type of surgical procedure might be risk factors for acquiring MDR extra- intestinal infections. Whereas culture and sensitivity results can indicate use of last-resort antimicrobials such as imipenem for MDR infections, some affected dogs can recover after administration of high doses of co-amoxyclavulanate.
|
|
|
Mutation in beta1-tubulin correlates with macrothrombocytopenia in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels
|
The macrothrombocytopenia of CKCS correlated with a mutation in beta1-tubulin. a–b tubulin dimers within protofilaments most likely are unstable, leading to altered proplatelet formation by megakaryocytes. This information will aid in distinguishing inherited from acquired thrombocytopenia. It also provides insight into the mechanism of platelet production by megakaryocytes, and also may prove useful in understanding heart-related changes in macro- thrombocytopenic CKCS with concurrent mitral valve regurgitation.
|
|
|
N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase index as an early biomarker for chronic kidney disease in cats with hyperthyroidism
|
Baseline NAGi did not differentiate azotemic from nonazotemic euthyroid cats. NAGi could be used to assess renal function during medical therapy allowing the clinician to adjust methimazole dosage accordingly. The combination of USG and T4 could optimize identification of appropriate candidates for permanent treatment of hyperthyroidism.
|
|
|
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis in 3 Australian shepherd littermates
|
3 Australian Shepherd dogs presented with vision loss, hypermetria, behavioral changes, and/or hyperesthesia. All dogs were diagnosed with neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis at necropsy. No current diagnostic tests can confirm this disease ante-mortem.
|
|
|
Phase I clinical evaluation of carboplatin in tumor-bearing cats: a Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group study
|
The dose of carboplatin recommended to treat tumor-bearing cats is 240 mg/m2 IV every 3–4 weeks.
|
|
|
Phase I dose escalation of single-agent vinblastine in dogs
|
In dogs, single-agent VBL is well tolerated at a dosage of 3.5mg/m2 IV. At this dosage, the minimum safe treatment interval is q2 weeks, and adjunct treatment with prophylactic antibiotics should be considered.
|
|
|
Photodynamic therapy of superficial nasal planum squamous cell carcinomas in cats: 55 cases
|
PDT using 5-aminolaevulinic acid (5-ALA) and a red light source was safe, well tolerated, and effective in the treatment of superficial nasal planum SCCs of cats and offers an alternative to conventional therapy. Although initial response rates were high, this treatment did not lead to a durable remission or cure in all cases.
|
|
|
Plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine, symmetric dimethylarginine, l-arginine, and nitrite/nitrate concentrations in cats with chronic kidney disease and hypertension
|
Plasma ADMA and SDMA concentrations are increased in cats with CKD and correlate with plasma creatinine concentration. This may imply the presence of endothelial dysfunction in cats with CKD.
Plasma ADMA concentrations were not associated with systemic hypertension. Treatment of systemic hypertension with amlodipine besylate did not affect plasma ADMA or NOx concentrations. |
|
|
Plasma clearance of exogenous creatinine, exo-iohexol, and endo-iohexol in hyperthyroid cats before and after treatment with radioiodine
|
It is mandatory to use the same GFR technique in follow-up studies.
GFR testing at 4 weeks posttreatment could allow assessment of the final renal functional loss after treatment in hyperthyroid cats. |
|
|
Portal vein thrombosis in cats: 6 cases (2001-2006)
|
All 6 cats identified with PVT also had hepatic disease. Evidence of a congenital porto-systemic shunt was present in 3/6 cats. Two cats had primary or metastatic hepatic neoplasia. One cat had acute cholangitis, acute pancreatitis, and locally extensive acute centrilobular hepatic necrosis. Two cats were suspected to have acute thrombi and 4 cats had chronic thrombi.
|
|
|
Postoperative bleeding in retired racing greyhounds
|
The results indicate that this excessive postoperative bleeding is not attributable to a primary or secondary hemostatic defect, but could result from altered fibrinolysis.
|
|
|
Predictive factors and the effect of phenoxybenzamine on outcome in dogs undergoing adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma
|
PBZ-treated dogs had a significantly decreased mortality rate compared with untreated dogs. Additional significant prognostic factors for improved survival included younger age, lack of intraoperative arrhythmias, and decreased surgical time.
|
|
|
Prevalence of the myosin-binding protein C mutation in Maine Coon cats
|
The prevalence of the mutation (heterozygous or homozygous) was very similar among countries of submission, suggesting that the 34% mutation rate of the tested samples is a reasonable estimate of the true prevalence.
Because of the high prevalence of this mutation, a breeding recommendation to eliminate all cats with the mutation could have a substantial impact on the gene pool. Additional studies are indicated to explore the relationship between genotype and clinical outcome in affected cats. |
|
|
Principles of peripheral blood mononuclear cell apheresis in a preclinical canine model of hematopoietic cell transplantation
|
Aphereses from dogs not given rcG-CSF yielded an average volume of 280 mL containing an average of 15,086 leukocytes/mL. Aphereses from dogs given rcG-CSF yielded an average volume of 261 mL containing an average of 39,711 leukocytes/mL.
Higher pre-apheresis white blood cell (WBC) counts correlated with higher apheresis WBC yields. |
|
|
Prognostic usefulness of blood leukocyte changes in canine parvoviral enteritis
|
An accurate prognosis could be obtained at 24 hours after admission by evaluating the change in total leukocyte, band neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, and eosinophil counts.
The survivors showed a significant increase over time in certain leukocyte types (specifically lymphocytes) compared with values at admission |
|
|
Recombinant human thyrotropin administration enhances thyroid uptake of radioactive iodine in hyperthyroid cats
|
The increased radioactive iodine uptake observed after rhTSH administration in hyperthyroid cats could lead to a lower therapeutic dose of 131I after rhTSH administration in hyperthyroid cats and decreased risk of environmental and owner contamination during and after hospitalization.
|
|
|
Remission of diabetes mellitus in cats with diabetic ketoacidosis
|
Remission of DM in cats presenting with DKA is possible. Cats with DKA and remission have more components of a stress leucogram, pancreatic disease, and seemed to be treated more often with glucocorticoids than cats with uncomplicated DM and diabetic remission.
|
|
|
Risk of hemolytic anemia with intravenous administration of famotidine to hospitalized cats
|
We conclude from this retrospective study that famotidine IV was given to 56 hos- pitalized cats without evidence of hemolysis, and that the IV route appeared safe when famotidine was administered over 5 minutes. We could not document a safety advantage of SC versus IV administration in this group of cats.
|
|
|
Safety and efficacy of oral low-volume sodium phosphate bowel preparation for colonoscopy in dogs
|
Despite the safety and ease of administration of the NaP preparations, the NaP bowel-cleansing preparations used in this study cannot be recommended for use because of the inadequate quality of bowel preparation compared with the protocol using PEG-containing fluids.
|
|
|
Search for Borrelia burgdorferi in kidneys of dogs with suspected "Lyme nephritis"
|
Minimal evidence of the presence of intact B. burgdorferi or any other bacterial or- ganism was found in the renal tissue of dogs with suspected Lyme nephritis. Direct renal invasion by B. burgdorferi organisms does not appear to be responsible for this syndrome.
|
|
|
Secondary intracranial neoplasia in the dog: 177 cases (1986-2003)
|
Secondary intracranial neoplasia in dogs was more common than primary intracranial neoplasia during the time period studied. Many of these dogs had related disease in other body systems that was apparent on diagnostic tests such as thoracic radiography.
|
|
|
Serial evaluation of protein C and antithrombin in dogs with sepsis
|
Results of this preliminary study show that Protein C and Antithrombin activities change significantly over time in dogs with sepsis and both are likely related to survival.
Survivors had higher activities of PC and AT than non-survivors. |
|
|
Serum cardiac troponin I concentration in dogs with ehrlichiosis
|
Acute infection with E.canis is a risk factor for myocardial injury in naturally infected Brazilian dogs. Severity of anemia and SIRS might contribute to the pathophysiology of myocardial damage.
|
|
|
Spontaneous lung lobe torsion in a cat
|
A six year-old MN DSH was prresented for acute tachypnea and bilateral epistaxis. TX revealed soft tissue density in right middle lung lobe. Eventual exploratory thoracotomy revealed lung lobe torsion of right-middle lung lobe.
|
|
|
Survival characteristics and prognostic variables of dogs with mitral regurgitation attributable to myxomatous valve disease
|
Mild CMVI is a relatively benign condition in dogs. However, some clinical variables (LA/Ao > 1.7) can identify dogs at a higher risk of death; these variables might be useful to identify individuals that need more frequent monitoring or therapeutic intervention.
|
|
|
Survival in cats with naturally occurring chronic kidney disease (2000-2002)
|
IRIS stage of CKD based on serum creatinine at the time of diagnosis is strongly predictive of survival in cats with naturally occurring CKD.
|
|
|
Systemic vasculitis with severe cutaneous manifestation as a suspected idiosyncratic hypersensitivity reaction to fenbendazole in a cat
|
This report is the first to document vasculitis as a suspected idiosyncratic reaction to fenbendazole in a cat.
|
|
|
The bone biologic effects of zoledronate in healthy dogs and dogs with malignant osteolysis
|
All dogs had significant reductions in serum CTx or urine NTx concentrations or both after zoledronate administration.
In a subset of dogs with appendicular OSA, reduced urine NTx concentrations and increased primary tumor rBMD coincided with improved limb usage as reported by pet owners in dogs treated with zoledronate and concurrent oral analgesics. Multiple zoledronate infusions were not associated with biochemical evidence of toxicosis. In dogs with skeletal neoplasms, IV-administered zoledronate exerts bone biologic effects, appears safe, and can provide pain relief. |
|
|
The cardiac sodium-calcium exchanger gene (NCX-1) is a potential canine cardiac biomarker of chronic mitral valvular insufficiency
|
The level of NCX-1 expression was significantly higher in groups of dogs with mod- erate to severe CMVI (groups III and IV) compared with the controls. Our findings indicate that NCX-1 can be a biomarker for chronic valvular disease in dogs and is a potential biomarker for severity of heart disease.
|
|
|
The effects of hydrocortisone on systemic arterial blood pressure and urinary protein excretion in dogs
|
Long-term hydrocortisone treatment results in significant but only mild increases in systemic BP and urinary protein excretion, which are both reversible within 1 month after discontinuation of hydrocortisone.
|
|
|
The use of contralateral masking noise in the detection of unilateral deafness in Dalmatian puppies
|
This supports using masking noise in the nontest ear during canine BAER.
|
|
|
Thromboelastographic evaluation of hemostatic function in dogs with disseminated intravascular coagulation
|
The most common overall hemostatic abnormality in dogs diagnosed with DIC was hypercoagulability, and there was significant difference in survival between hyper- and hypocoagulable dogs. The results suggest TF-TEG is valuable in the assessment of hemostatic function in dogs diagnosed with DIC.
Hypocoagulable dogs were > 2 times as likely to die in this study |
|
|
Thromboelastographic tracings in retired racing greyhounds and in non-greyhound dogs
|
In Greyhounds, clotting kinetics are slower and clot strength are weaker than in non-Greyhounds, supporting the increased tendency to bleed observed after minor trauma or surgical procedures in the breed.
The findings may also be attributed to blood viscosity or to the concentration of citrate in the sample (ie, Greyhounds have higher hematocrit and less plasma per unit volume). |
|
|
Thyroid testing in Sloughis
|
When evaluating Sloughis for hypothyroidism, veterinarians should be aware that these dogs have different thyroid hormone concentrations than nonsight hound dogs.
|
|
|
Transarterial ductal occlusion with the Amplatzer vascular plug in 31 dogs
|
Ductal occlusion with an Amplatzer vascular plug is a safe and efficacious therapy for PDA in dogs.
|
|
|
Transient acquired fanconi syndrome associated with copper storage hepatopathy in 3 dogs
|
Three dogs with signs similar to Wilson's disease in people. Fanconi syndrome secondary to copper storage disorder resolved after copper chelation.
|
|
|
Upregulation of toll-like receptors in chronic enteropathies in dogs
|
Bacteria-responsive TLR2, 4, and 9 are upregulated in duodenal and colonic mucosa in IBD. This might lead to increased inflammation through interaction with the commensal flora. The absence of significant changes after therapy despite clinical improvement might point toward the existence of a genetic predisposition to IBD as described in human IBD.
|
|
|
Urinary aldosterone to creatinine ratio in cats before and after suppression with salt or fludrocortisone acetate
|
Using the urine aldosterone:creatinine ratio for an oral fludrocortisone suppression test may be useful for the diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism in cats.
|
|
|
Use of a low-dose ACTH stimulation test for diagnosis of hypoadrenocorticism in dogs
|
Low-dose ACTH stimulation testing distinguishes between dogs with nonadrenal illness and hypoadrenocorticism. Additionally, the administration of 2 ACTH stimulation tests on consecutive days does not affect results of the second test.
|
|
|
Use of electrohydraulic lithotripsy in 28 dogs with bladder and urethral calculi
|
Results of this study support the use of EHL as a minimally invasive treatment for bladder calculi in females and for urethral calculi in male dogs.
|
|
|
Utility of 12-lead electrocardiogram for differentiating paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardias in dogs
|
Electrocardiographic criteria used in people for differentiating SVT can also be applied in dogs.
|
|
|
Ventricular tachyarrhythmias in 106 cats: associated structural cardiac disorders
|
Ventricular tachyarrhythmias in cats were most commonly associated with myocardial disease. When comparing dogs and cats that had ventricular tachyarrhythmias and were diagnosed on the same clinical service of the same institution, an echocardiographically apparent cardiac lesion was seen more often in cats than in dogs
|
