Juvenile Offenders

Front 1

#5

"the court has acknowledged that children's brains are different than adults, that the penological goals of the adult system are less applicable to juveniles"

Quote

Back 1

can be used as a hook and pose a question to as why changes have not been made if courts acknowledge that children's brain development is different than adults development

Front 2

#5

in 1899, the first juvenile court was created based on the idea that children were not responsible for their actions or behaviors in the same way as adults were.

paraphrase

Back 2

Why are children being tried as adults if they are not responsible for their actions the same way as adults are?

Front 3

#5

8th Amendment= prohibits cruel and unusual punishment

14th amendment= prohibits the execution of those under 18 during the time the crime was committed

summary

Back 3

could be used to talk about adult punishment

Front 4

#5

in the Graham v. florida case, the court concluded that states should offer a meaningful opportunity to obtain release by demonstrating maturity and rehabilitation

Back 4

use the case as a way to give an example how other courts could have set precedent?

Front 5

#6

In the U.S, "more than 2.1 million juveniles are arrested each year"

quote

Back 5

appeal to the audience with a fact. can also be used as a hook

Front 6

#6

Positive changes are decreased hopelessness; increased internal control; and improvements in self-esteem, self-knowledge, autonomy, and interpersonal skills

quote/paraphrase

Back 6

Career counseling is one way of rehabilitating a juvenile. demonstrates positive effects. in essay, pose a solution.

Front 7

#4

The way we interpret and apply laws should rightfully vary when the case at hand involves a defendant whose understanding of the law is limited by intellectual immaturity or whose judgement is impaired by emotional immaturity.

quote

Back 7

Banner statement. Main idea of what the essay is about

Front 8

#4

juvenile courts = offenders are immature: development is incomplete, judgement is less than mature, and character is still developing

Adult courts = defendants are mature, competent, responsible, and unlikely to change

summary

Back 8

talk about the differences between juvenile courts and adult courts. juveniles should not be tried in adult courts because their characters are still developing

Front 9

#3

"everyone is working in the best interest of the child"

"children first, criminals second"

quote

Back 9

the law perceives the children as children first. this author argues that adult crime should be adult time. Therefore, in the essay, use in paragraph about adult crimes

Front 10

#2

studies have shown that minors who have gone through the juvenile system, with its emphasis on rehabilitation through counseling, mentoring, education and vocational training, are less likely to be arrested again after being released than those who have served in ordinary prisons.

quote

Back 10

why juveniles should be rehabilitated instead of tried as adults

Front 11

#9

according to psychologists, adolescents are less able than adults to perceive and understand the long-term consequences of their acts... and to control their emotions and act rationally instead of impulsively.

quote

Back 11

psychological reasoning as to why delinquents should not be tried as adults

Front 12

#9

children have the tendency to make decisions based on emotions, such as anger and fear, rather than logic and reason

quote

Back 12

research that adolescents are not fully developed

Front 13

#9

young people's frontal lobes are different than those of an adults because throughout adolescents the frontal lobe is still developing. the frontal lobe allows us to act on reason, prevent overwhelming emotions/actions, and control impulsive behavior

summary

Back 13

neuroscience research on juveniles

Front 14

#12

According to John Locke morality was not natural to human beings; he believes innate ideas did not exist. Locke is pungent in his essay; he believes that no principle is universally accepted by all human beings; therefore, innate ideas cannot exist. If individuals were to come to a universal agreement, then it must have come from another way besides innate thought

summary

Back 14

Although Locke believes there are no innate principles, there are universal ideas/ concepts created by society which can be taught to juveniles.

Front 15

#12

“Robberies, murders, and rapes, are the sports of men set at liberty from punishment and censure”

quote

Back 15

This example demonstrates how these individuals do not feel any sense of remorse and lack a conscience. by using this example, Locke illustrates that if men were born with morals, then they would not commit crimes such as thievery, murder, and rape.

Front 16

#8

Traumatized youth need to experience safety, caring relationships, and opportunities to learn to cope with challenges in resilient ways.

quote

Back 16

by helping the children to heal, it can teach them the values of morals, actions, and learning.

Front 17

#11

"without a tougher punishment, society is left with a higher percentage of delinquents and a rising percentage of crime victims"

quote

Back 17

the same crimes and amount of delinquents keeps rising because change is not being made. it is clear the current way is not working which is why rehabilitation should be implemented