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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Developmental Theory |
The view that criminality is a dynamic process influenced by social experiences as well as individual characteristics. |
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Life Course Theory |
A developmental theory that focuses on changes in behavior as people travel along the path of life and how these changes affect crimes and delinquency. |
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Latent Trait Theory |
The view that delinquent behovior is controlled by a "master trait," present at birth or soon after, that remains stable and unchanging throughout the person's lifetime. |
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Propensity |
A natural inclination or personal trait that exists at birth or soon after and remains constant. |
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Trajectory Theory |
The view that there are multiple independent paths to a dleinquent career and that there are different types and classes of offenders. |
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Early Onset |
The view that kids who begin engaging in anti-social behaviors at a very early age are the ones most at risk for a delinquency career. |
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PBS (Problem Behavior Syndrome) |
A cluster of anti-social behaviors that may include famility dysfunction, substance abuse, smoking, precocious sexuality and early pregnancy, educational underachievment, suicide attempts, sensation seeking, unemployment, as well as delinquency. |
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Turning Points |
Critical life events that may enable adult offenders to desist from delinquency. |
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Social Capital |
Positive relations with individual and institutions that support conventional behavior and inhibit deviant behavior. |
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GTC (General Theory of Crime) |
A developmental theory that modifies social control theory by integrating concepts from biosocial, psychological, routine activities, and rational choice theories. |
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Impulsive |
Lacking in thought or deliberation in decision making. |
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Trajectories |
Different paths, progressions, or lines of development. |
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Authority Conflict Pathway |
Pathway to delinquent deviance that begins at an early age with stubborn behavior and leads to defiance and then to authority avoidance. |
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Covert Pathway |
Pathway to a delinquent career that starts with minor underhanded behavior, leads to property damage, and ultimatley leads up to more serious forms of theft and fraud. |
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Overt Pathway |
A pathway to a delinquent career that begins with minor aggression, leads to physical fighting, and leads to violent delinquency. |
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Adolesent-limited Offenders |
Children that get into minor scrapes as youth but whose misbehavior ends when they enter adulthood. |
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Life Course Persisters |
Delinquents who begin their offending career at a very early age and continue to offend well into adulthood. |
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Abstainers |
Children who are never involved in typical adolescent misbehaviors. |
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Self-control |
A person's ability to exercise restraint and control over his/her feelings, emotions, behaviors, and reactions. |
