Juliet's Voice Pathologies

Front 1

True or False, the ventricular or false vocal folds lie below the true vocal folds.

Back 1

False

Front 2

Damage to which nerve leads to difficulty adducting the vocal folds?

Back 2

Recurrent laryngeal nerve of cranial nerve X

Front 3

What is the difference between jitter and shimmer?

Back 3

Jitter or frequency perturbation refers to the variation of vocal frequency, while shimmer or amplitude perturbation refers to the cycle to cycle variation of vocal intensity.

Front 4

List the perceptual qualities a clinician uses in evaluating a patient's voice.

Back 4

Pitch, volume, vocal quality, resonance, respiration and ability to sustain phonation.

Front 5

What is a localized inflammation that is composed of granular tissue in a firm rounded sac is called what?

Back 5

Granuloma.

Front 6

What instrument uses a pulsating light for perceived slow motion in viewing the vocal folds?

Back 6

Stroboscopy

Front 7

What does the Blom-Singer device do?

Back 7

The Blom-Singer device shunts air from the trachea to the esophagus so the patient can speak on that air.

Front 8

What is diplophonia?

Back 8

Diplophonia is a term that refers to double voice.

Front 9

Which muscle is a chief vocal fold tensor?

Back 9

Posterior cricothyroid muscle

Front 10

List the vocal fold adductors.

Back 10

1. Thyroarytenoid muscles
2. Lateral cricoarytenoid muscles
3. Transverse and oblique interarytenoid muscles

Front 11

What is the function of the extrinsic muscles of the larynx?

Back 11

They help stabilize and alter the position of the laryngeal skeleton during respiration, deglutition and swallowing.

Front 12

Where do most benign laryngeal pathologies such as vocal fold polyps, nodules and cysts develop?

Back 12

They develop in the superficial layer of the lamina propria.

Front 13

What is the aging of the laryngeal structures is called?

Back 13

Presbylaryngis

Front 14

What can mucosal irregularities caused by scarring, atrophy secondary to vocal fold paralysis be treated with.

Back 14

Bovine collagen injections.

Front 15

What are the benefits of the Visi-Pitch device?

Back 15

Visi-Pitch device is helpful in providing biofeedback of nonvocal airflow control and various sound parameters.

Front 16

Which instrument uses surface electrodes placed on the thyroid cartilage and high frequency electric current while the patient phonates?

Back 16

Electroglottography

Front 17

In accessing the respiratory status of a patient for voice, what types of breathing does the clinician analyze?

Back 17

1. Clavicular breathing: patient inhales and shoulders elevate.
2. Diaphragmatic-abdominal breathing - using the abdominal region and lower thoracic cavity - used by professional singers
3. Thoracic breathing

Front 18

True or False. Hypernasality is when nasal resonance is absent on nasal sounds.

Back 18

False

Front 19

What is the purpose of the s/z ratio phonation time?

Back 19

The s/z ratio determines whether there is a laryngeal pathology present.

Front 20

List the vascular supply of the larynx.

Back 20

Superior laryngeal, cricothyroid and inferior laryngeal arteries.