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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Judiciary Act of 1801
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reduced the number of seats on the Supreme Court from six to five; reorganized the district and circuit courts;new lifetime posts for Federalist judges; effort by the lame duck Federalist majority in Congress to prolong its control of the federal judiciary before the end of President John Adams' term; associated with "midnight judges"
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Midnight Judges
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They were judicial appointments made by John Adams just before the end of his presidential term in 1801; Adams appointed Federalists who opposed the Democratic-Republican principles of his successor, Thomas Jefferson
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Judicial Review
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supreme court's power to decide whether an act of Congress or of the President was constitutional or unconstitunal; SC could overrule the other two branches of the Fed. government
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Lewis and Clark Expedition
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expedition from St.Louis to OR; increased geographic and scientific knowledge; strengthend US Claims to the Oregon Territory; better relations with Indians; and developed maps and land routhes for fur trapping and future settlers
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Embargo Act of 1807
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prohibited American merchant ships from sailing to any foreign port; Jefferson hoped this would make the Brits stop violating the rights of neutral nations; but it backfired and repealed in 1809
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Non-Intercourse Act of 1809
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By Madison; said that US could trade with all nations except Britain and France
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Henry Clay
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the founder and leader of the Whig Party, the leading advocate of programs for modernizing the economy; planned the American system; liked protective tarriffs
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John Calhoun
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As chairman of the foreign relations committee, he introduced the declaration of war against Britain in 1812. During this period he emerged as one of the leaders of the Republican Party;said any state could declare the act of Congress unconstituional
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Nicholas Biddle
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lobbied for rechartering of the Bank of the US; became president of the Bank
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Daniel Webster
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United States Senator and Secretary of State; Famed for his ability as an orator; preserve the Union; fed. aid for projectts for roads in the West
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Francis Scott Key
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wrote the national anthem
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Battle of New Orleans
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in Jan. 8, 1815- United States forces defeated the British. The Treaty of Ghent, which ended the war, had been signed over two weeks earlier, but the news had not yet reached the southern front; led by Andrew Jackson
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Treaty of Ghent
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called for a halt to the fighting; the return of all conquered territoty to the prewar claimant; recognition of the prewar boundary between Canada and the US
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Hartford Convention
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a special convention in connecticut; Delegates from N.E. States rejected the radical calls for secession; proposal called for a 2/3 vote of both houses for an future declaration of war to limited the growing power of the Repubs in the south and west
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Rush-Bagot Agrement
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Major disarmenent pact; limited naval armament on the Great Lakes
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Factory System
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method of manufacturing adopted in England during the Industrial Revolution. Workers would come to work in a city factory, often making low-quality goods in mass amounts; declined quality of goods and the standard of living in the city
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