Jt 1 A Uhcl Biochem Ii Exam2.1 - Midterm Lecture 1 Glucose

Front 1

Storage polysaccharides like ***(animals) and ***(plants) are broken down into *** which is metabolized via glycolysis.

Back 1

glycogen
starch
glucose 6-phosphate

Front 2

--- Lactose ---
1) Disaccharide composed of...
2) Reducing sugar?
3) α/β linked?
4) Broken down by...

Back 2

1) galactose --- glucose
2) Yes
3) β/α
4) lactase

Front 3

--- Sucrose ---
1) Disaccharide composed of...
2) Reducing sugar?
3) α/β linked?
4) Broken down by...

Back 3

1) fructose --- glucose
2) No
3) α/β
4) sucrase (invertase)

Front 4

--- Trehalose ---
1) Disaccharide composed of...
2) Reducing sugar?
3) α/β linked?
4) Broken down by...

Back 4

1) glucose --- glucose
2) No
3) α/α
4) trehalase

Front 5

--- Maltose ---
1) Produced by enzyme *** during breakdown of
2) grain starches *** and ***. In mammals,
3) it's then hydrolyzed into *** by enzyme ***.

Back 5

1) diastase
2) amylose and amylopectin
3) (2) glucose --- maltase

Front 6

--- Maltose ---
1) Amylose and amylopectin are similar to glycogen but....
2) Other proteins uses to break down grains also include *** and ***...

Back 6

1) have no/little branching
2) proteases and lipases.

Front 7

--- Malting Process ---
1) # of steps
2) Which are...?
3) How long is each step?

Back 7

1) 4
2) soak - germinate - heat drying/curing
3) 2-3 --- 7-14 --- 4(2 & 2)

Front 8

1) ***: process in which cereal grains
2) soak, germinate, and dry in a ***.
3) Heat Drying temp?
4) Heat Curing temp?

Back 8

1) kiln
2) Malting
3) 32-37 C
4) 78-100 C

Front 9

--- Fructose ---
1) In skeletal muscle, it's metabolized by ***.
2a) In liver, acted on by *** and
2b) metabolized by *** and *** kinase.

Back 9

1) hexokinase
2a) fructokinase
2b) fructose 1-P --- triose

Front 10

Disaccharide Enzymes
1) Lactose
2) Sucrose
3) Trehalose
4) Maltose

Back 10

1) Lacase
2) sucrase (invertase)
3) trehalase
4) maltase

Front 11

--- Mannose ---
1) ***saccharide metabolized to *** which is
2) an intermediate in the *** pathway.
3) 1st --- *** Kinase
4) 2nd --- Phosphomannose ***

Back 11

1) mono --- fructose 6-P
2) glycolysis
3) Hexose Kinase
4) Phosphomannose isomerase

Front 12

--- Mannose ---
1) Hexose Kinase
Mannose + ATP ⇌ *** + ADP
2) Phosphomannose isomerase
xxx ⇌ ***

Back 12

1) Mannose 6-P
2) Fructose 6-P

Front 13

--- Ethanol Synthesis ---
1) Created when *** (generated during glycolysis) is re***
2) with *** serving as final electron acceptor.

Back 13

1) NADH --- reoxidized
2) acetaldehyde

Front 14

--- LIVER Enzyme Locations ---
1) Alcohol DH
2) Cytochrome P-450
3) Catalase
4) ALdehyde DH

Back 14

1) cytosol (ADH)
2) microsomal (smooth ER)
3) peroxisomes
4) MITOCHONDRIA (ALDH)

Front 15

--- Ethanol Metabolism LIVER ---
1) 1st pathways ⇌ ***
2) mito ALDH ⇌ ***
3) then enzyme *** prepares it for
4) TCA cycle by ⇌ ***

Back 15

1) Acetaldehyde
2) Acetate
3) Acetyl-CoA synthetase
4) Acetyl-S-CoA

Front 16

--- Ethanol Metabolism ---
Maximum Theoretical ATP?
1) Alcohol DH
2) ALdehyde DH
3) Catalase

Back 16

1) 13 (5)
2) 8 (-2.5, 2.5)
3) 10.5 (2.5)
(-2, ???, ???, 10)

Front 17

--- Ethanol Metabolism ---
Enzyme most important at this concentration...
1) High
2) Low
3) How many pathways are there?

Back 17

1) Cytochrome P-450 OR MEOS
2) Alcohol DH
3) 3

Front 18

--- Cytochrome P-450 ---
1) Falls w/in class called...
2) Consisting of *#* families and *#* subfamilies

Back 18

1) mixed-function oxidases OR monooxygenases
2) 18--- 43
4)

Front 19

--- Alcohol Enzymes ---
Ethanol + (???) ⇌ Acetaldehyde + (???)
1) Alcohol DH
2) Cytochrome P-450
3) Catalase

Back 19

1) NAD+ ⇌ NADH/H+
2) NADPH/H+/O2 ⇌ NADP+/H2O
3) H2O2 ⇌ (2) H2O

Front 20

--- Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) ---
Substrates ⇌ Products

Back 20

H2O, NAD+, Acetaldehyde
⇌
NADH, H+, Acetic Acid

Front 21

MEOS?
1) Is a mixed function *** associated
2) with the *** *** of liver cells.
3) requires *** and *** to function

Back 21

Microsomal Ethanol Oxidizing System
1) oxidase
2) endoplasmic reticulum
3) NADPH and O2

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