Jovian Planets & Other Objects

Front 1

Jovian Planets in order

Back 1

Jupiter

Saturn

Uranus

Neptune

Front 2

Internal layers of Saturn & Jupiter

Back 2

From inside out:

1.Core of rock, metals, hydrogen gas.

2. Metallic Hydrogen

3. Liquid hydrogen

4. Gaseous hydrogen

5. Visible cloud layer

Front 3

Interior layers of Uranus & Neptune

Back 3

From inside out:

1. Core of rock and metal

2. Water, methane, ammonia layer

3. Gaseous hydrogen

4. Visible cloud layer

(Lower pressures inside planets means no metallic hydrogen layer like Jupiter & Saturn.)

Front 4

Jupiter

Back 4

~Atmosphere: H, He, methane, ammonia, water vapor.

~Shortest rotation period (9h55m)

~Great red spot 300 yrs- high pressure storm like hurricane. 3 earths.

~High wind speeds due to heating from the planet.

~radiates more heat than it recieves from sun.

~Magnetosphere is huge and 20,000X stronger than earths.

~Pressure and density of atmosphere increase with depth, becomes liquid then metallic.

Front 5

Moons of Jupiter

Back 5

~63 moons most are small.

~ the 4 largest (Galilean moons): Io, Europa, Callisto, Ganymede

~moons are similar terrestrial planets.

Front 6

Saturn

Back 6

~Similar to jupiter in atmosphere composition except with lower pressure.

~planet is Less dense than water

~Differential rotation; flattened

~Generates its own heat through gravitational compression of helium raindrops

~Strong magnetosphere

Front 7

Rings of Saturn

Back 7

~ lie on Saturns equatorial plane

~not solid; made of individual bodies of water ice and carbon compounds.

~Sizes of chunks range from grain to boulder sized.

~Interactions with moons determines the ring structure

~within the Roche Limit; larger bodies would be torn apart by Saturn's gravity.

Front 8

Saturn's Moons

Back 8

~Many moons made of water and ice

~Many smaller moons

~6 med moons: Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, Rhea, & Iaptus

~One large moon Titan

Front 9

Uranus

Back 9

~Discovered by Sir William Herschel

~Atmosphere is hydrogen and methane

~Methane and ice cause the atmosphere to appear blue.

~spin axis is tipped so it nearly lies on its orbital plane.

~Moons orbits are tilted too

~May have been struck by an object that knocked it over in its axis.

~Faint ring system detected with stellar occulation.

~Rings are narrow; outermost ring has 2 shepherd moons that keep it from escaping into space.

Front 10

Neptune

Back 10

~blue surface comes from methane in its atmosphere.

~Has cloud belts

~ radiates more heat than it recieves.

~The deep interior heat source drives convection which cause the Coriolis effect that causes the cloud belts.

~Faint ring system detected with stellar occulation. (5 Rings)

Front 11

Jovian Ring formation

Back 11

Formed from dust created in impacts on moons orbiting these planets.

Front 12

Asteroids

Back 12

~rocky leftovers from planet formation

~The largest is Ceres

~Most orbit in the Main Belt between Mars and Jupiter.

~Trojan asteroids follow Jupiter's orbit.

Front 13

Meteorite

Back 13

A rock from space that falls through Earth's atmosphere

(Most are pieces of asteroids)

Front 14

Meteor

Back 14

The bright trail left by a meteorite.

(Shooting star)

Front 15

Meteoroid

Back 15

A meteorite (solid body) in space. (Before it falls to earth)

Front 16

Meteorite Types

Back 16

Primitive: unchanged in composition since they first formed 4.6 billion yrs ago

Processed: younger, have experienced processes like volcanism or differentiation.

Front 17

Cometsl

Back 17

~Formed beyond the frost line.

~the nucleus of comets are Dirty snowballs

~Only comets that enter the inner solar system grow tails.

~sone cone from Kuiper belt, some the Oort cloud.

~Dust tail and Ion tail (ion tail is straight.

~Tail always points away from the sun

Front 18

Dwarf Planets

Back 18

More like comets than planets

Pluto.

Front 19

Kuiper Belt

Back 19

~Comets come from here

~ has larger bodies like pluto and other dwarf planets and their moons.

~large objects here jave tilted, elliptical orbits and icy composition.