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57 Cards in this Set

  • Front
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What did you learn yesterday/this week?

*Gained a lot of more knowledge about HTML and CSS while completing my personal website. how to optimize a website's assets/resources *Explain certain problems I encountered (transparent background causing transparent text because child inherits parent attributes).


*Also learned a lot about photoshop while creating my resume.


*also loading images quickly

What excites or interests you about coding?

*Explain story of first getting into programming. Didn't feel truly challenged while doing homework for other classes(except math) before CIS. *Can be very frustrating when you cannot figure out a bug, but is also extremely rewarding and fun when you figure something out and create a functional program that does something interesting.


*Impossible to become bored with it (tend to get bored fairly easily)

What is a recent technical challenge you experienced and how did you solve it?

website issues: transparency in background and text, using css and javascript to only show certain elements upon a button click, loading images quicker by compressing file size (already knew) AND assigning TRUE size in code (height/width attributes)

What UI, Security, Performance, SEO, Maintainability or Technology considerations do you make while building a web application or site?

*UI: took a class on UI design, think in terms of the user, test cases/users very important, must be easy to use and intuitive (navigation bars, easy to exit, organize purposefully, all options visible/accessible, feedback readily provided).


*Security: secure the system so that hackers cannot interfere, secure access to sensitive personal info (never had to do either of these honestly)


*Performance: image loading as explained above.


*SEO: keywords, buzzwords, paying for it!, what ppl search for, etc.


*Maintainability: using classes for css attributes, uniform standard for file/object names

give an example of OOP/OOD

a grocery store. Class for employee: variables: employee name, SSN, salary, etc. methods: greetCustomer()="Welcome to Raley's!" Produce gro, checker/bagger classes inherit from employee and also have their own variables separate from those they inherit. They also overwrite the methods (ex: checker/bagger's greetCustomer() could be "Thanks for shopping with us, come again!"

explain polymorphism

Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms. The most common use of polymorphism in OOP occurs when a parent class reference is used to refer to a child class object.(multiple inheritance)


ex: interface vegetarian(), class animal(), class deer() extends animal() implements vegetarian().

why use OOP?

*reuse code! don't have to reinvent the wheel everytime you want to write similar but slightly different components.


*allow for higher level of abstraction for solving real-life problems. traditional procedural languages (C) force you to think in terms of the structure of a computer (memory bits, etc.) instead of thinking in terms of the problem you are trying to solve.

explain the type systems of common programming languages

Java: static


Python: strong, dynamic


C: static


C++: static


Perl: dynamic, weak

virtual methods: taking advantage of polymorphism

*overriding methods: that the object's dynamic type is "chosing" which method will be invoked, and not the static type.


example:


class A { public void foo() { }}


class B extends A { public void foo() { }}


when invoking:


A obj = new B();


obj.foo();


B.foo() will be invoked, and NOT A.foo(), since the dynamic type of obj is B.

static vs dynamically typed

*A language is statically typed if the type of a variable is known at compile time. This in practice means that you as the programmer must specify what type each variable is. Example: Java, C, C++


*The main advantage here is that all kinds of checking can be done by the compiler, and therefore a lot of stupid bugs are caught at a very early stage.


*dynamic means type checked at runtime.

strong, dynamically typed (python)

*Strong typing means that the type of a value doesn't suddenly change. A string containing only digits doesn't magically become a number, as may happen in Perl. Every change of type requires an explicit conversion.


*Dynamic typing means that runtime objects (values) have a type, as opposed to static typing where variables have a type.

Recent tech-related news that you're excited about?

have a topic prepared that you are currently excited about.

explain, "big data"

big data has 3 major components: Volume, Variety, and Velocity. In a nutshell, it is a large amount of data (billions, trillions), sometimes with a variety of data types, and that needs to be accessed/analyzed fairly quickly.

Talk about your preferred development environment.

*osx or windows OS


*IDE depends on development, usually I prefer to use Eclipse (sometimes sublime)


*git version control


*2 monitors not necessary but learned to really appreciate them at my last job (spoiled me!)


*endless supply of coffee/tea!


*friendly (and sometimes helpful) coworkers/boss


*windows/natural light!


*peaceful environment but not too quiet


*comfy chair

Which version control systems are you familiar with?

git/bitbucket, github


(admit not great at branching/merging)

describe your workflow when you create a web page?

*continuously ask myself a list of questions


*What does the website need to communicate, and why?


*What is the most important (primary) information?


*What would the user be looking for when they land here?


*finally, design layout on paper/whiteboard


*code it

If you have 5 different stylesheets, how would you best integrate them into the site?

*if all application specific, just combine them into a single file.


*if combo of application specific and libraries, only combine the application specific ones.

Can you describe the difference between progressive enhancement and graceful degradation?

*javascript: almost same thing - differ in context


*progressive enhancement: making your site cooler for those using advanced browsers. i.e. rounded corners, shadowed text, etc.


*graceful degradation: making sure that certain historical markets are being catered by some semblance of a functional site. i.e. provide an alternative to your ajax behavior by including the ajax script in an external file and if their JS isn't turned on, maybe your links update the whole page, etc.

How would you optimize a website's assets/resources?

*Decrease Download Sizes


*fewer http requests


*split assets among domains


*name assets

How many resources will a browser download from a given domain at a time?

chrome allows 6, Firefox 8

Name 3 ways to decrease page load (perceived or actual load time)

*set expires header as far out as possible


*less content to load


*use best file type (gif, jpg, png, examples)


*minimize http requests


*resize elements before uploading into html



if not software development, what would you be doing?

*I am very interested in business. especially marketing


*I'm also interested in nutrition and health, maybe a nutritionist

html5 gang sign?

3 fingers up one hand, 2 fingers up other (crossed)

Tell me your favorite parts about Firebug / Webkit Inspector.

*multi line scripts, easy to use


*html/css: can see live changes



Explain the significance of “cornify”.

adding unicorns and rainbows something

On a piece of paper, write down the letters A B C D E vertically. Now put these in descending order without writing one line of code.

Joke question! just turn the page upside down

have good answers for silly questions like: pirate or ninja?

pirate! ninjas are more sneaky and would probably win in a fight between the two but pirates have way more fun in the process.

If you jumped on a project and they used tabs and you used spaces, what would you do?

I would start using what they use! no use in arguing over spaces/tabs (tabs are obviously superior anyway...)

Describe how you would create a simple slideshow page.

put each image in div, put all in parent div, use css/javascript to hide them initially, time it, etc.

If you could master one technology this year, what would it be?

hadoop or javascript

Explain the importance of standards and standards bodies.

*enables the internet to function effectively and efficiently


*without these standards the internet would not have seen the exponential growth that it did

What is Flash of Unstyled Content? How do you avoid FOUC?

*instance where a web page appears briefly with the browser's default styles prior to loading an external CSS stylesheet, due to the web browser engine rendering the page before all information is retrieved

Explain what ARIA and screenreaders are, and how to make a website accessible.

*accessible rich internet applications

Explain some of the pros and cons for CSS animations versus JavaScript animations.

?

What does a doctype do?

is an instruction to the web browser about what version of the markup language the page is written in.

What's the difference between HTML and XHTML?

*extensible hypertext markup language


*xhtml: stricter rules on how code is written, cleaned up version of html


*xhtml: goal of making webpages more universally compatible with different browsers and devices



What are the building blocks of HTML5?

*more semantic text markup


*new form elementsvedio and audio


*new javascript API


*canvas and SVG


*new communication API


*geolocation API


*web worker API


*new data storage

Describe the difference between cookies, sessionStorage and localStorage.

*localStorage - stores data with no expiration datesessionStorage - stores data for one session


*Web Storage is more secure and faster.


*Cookies = the old school way of doing all of the above. Stores name/value pairs per domain.

What are data- attributes good for?

Custom data- attributes are a great way to simplify the storage of application data in your web pages.

What's the difference between standards mode and quirks mode?

*quirks mode refers to a technique used by some web browsers for the sake of maintaining backward compatibility with web pages designed for older browsers


*"almost standards mode" or "strict mode" which maintains the "traditional" vertical sizing of table cells according to the CSS2 specification


*Obviously,the css box model.

What kind of things must you be wary of when design or developing for multilingual sites?

*How will users to be directed to their native language?


*Text In Images Won’t Scale.


*Be Mindful of How Colors Are Perceived Across Different Cultures


*Formatting Dates

what is progressive rendering?

an alternative to the normal fixed-length rendering, where you specify ahead of time the amount of computational effort that should go into the rendered image.

What's the difference between "resetting" and "normalizing" CSS?

*CSS resets aim to remove all built-in browser styling. Standard elements like p, strong, etc end up looking exactly alike, having no decoration at all. You're then supposed to add all decoration yourself.


*Normalize CSS aims to make built-in browser styling consistent across browsers. Elements like H1-6 will appear bold, larger etc. in a consistent way across browsers. You're then supposed to add only the difference in decoration your design needs

Describe CSS Floats and how they work.

float left, float right, used for html layouts

Explain CSS sprites, and how you would implement them on a page or site.

CSS Sprites is a method of combining multiple images used throughout your website into one big image. You can then use the proper background-position CSS attribute to load the particular image you want from your CSS Sprite using the X and Y coordinates.

What are your favourite image replacement techniques and which do you use when?

CSS image replacement is a technique of replacing a text element (usually a header tag) with an image. An example of this would be including a logo on a page.

How would you approach fixing browser-specific styling issues?

*Declare a valid doctype


*Use Web standards


*Check the bare HTML


*Test in multiple browsers, deal with IE last


*Consider a CSS Reset


*Validate your HTML and CSS

C.S.S. ?

cascading style sheets

What's the difference between inline and inline-block?

*An inline-block is a block that doesn't have a line-break at the end.

List as many values for the display property that you can remember.

display: Inline block, block, none, inline, flex (new to html5), table: cell, column, row

What's the difference between a relative, fixed, absolute and statically positioned element?

*relative: depends on parent element


*absolute: stays in same spot but moves with rest of page when scrolling


*static:


*fixed: doesn't move at all when scrolling on screen

What are some advantages/disadvantages to testing your code?

*i've never learned any disadvantages


*advantages:


*LEARNING/KNOWLEDGE: you learn so much when finding a bug and figuring out how to solve it.


*better code! more efficient, more readable, doesn't break

What's a cool project that you've recently worked on?

my app

What are some things you like about the developer tools you use?

which dev tools? debuggers/etc.?

explain database normalization

it is the process of organizing the tables and/or attributes of a relational database in order to minimize data redundancy

pass by reference, pass by value, pass by pointer

*Say I want to share a web page with you.


*If I tell you the URL, I'm passing by reference. You can use that URL to see the same web page I can see. If that page is changed, we both see the changes. If you delete the URL, all you're doing is destroying your reference to that page - you're not deleting the actual page itself.


*If I print out the page and give you the printout, I'm passing by value. Your page is a disconnected copy of the original. You won't see any subsequent changes, and any changes that you make (e.g. scribbling on your printout) will not show up on the original page. If you destroy the printout, you have actually destroyed your copy of the object - but the original web page remains intact.


*Passing by pointer is passing by reference - in the example above, the URL is a pointer to the resource. If you're talking about languages like C, where you can have pointers to other pointers... well, that's like me writing the URL on a post-it note, sticking it on the fridge, and telling you to go and look on the fridge - I'm giving you a pointer ("look on the fridge") to a pointer ("www.stackoverflow.com") to the actual thing you want.

private vs protected

*public - Any class/function may access the method/property.


*protected - Only this class and any subclasses may access the method/property.


*private - Only this class may access the method/property. It won't even be inherited.