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328 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Which types of Juniper routers have an ASIC-driven Packet Forwarding Engine (PFE)? [2-10]
|
"M-series and T-series routers are ASIC driven, while J-series routers are not."
|
|
What type of architecture does the routing engine of an M-series router run on? [2-12]
|
Intel 32-bit (IA-32)
|
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What type of architecture does the forwarding plane of an M-series router run on? [2-12]
|
Custom ASIC architecture
|
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What type of architecture does the forwarding plane of a J-series router run on? [2-13]
|
Intel 32-bit (IA-32)
|
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What type of architecture does the routing engine of a J-series router run on? [2-13]
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Intel 32-bit (IA-32)
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Why can't you run JunOS software on standard PC hardware?
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JunOS will not forward packets unless it can verify that the EPROM is properly signed by Juniper networks.
|
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What part of the JunOS architecture is responsible for performing routing updates and system management?
|
The Routing Engine (RE)
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What part of the JunOS architecture is responsible for forwarding transit packets through the router?
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The Packet Forwarding Engine (PFE)
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"On a J-series router, how is the Packet Forwarding Engine implemented?"
|
"Using real-time threads, instead of custom ASIC processors."
|
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"On a M-series or T-series router, how is the Packet Forwarding Engine implemented?"
|
Using ASIC processors.
|
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How does the PFE receive the forwarding table (FT) from the routing engine?
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Through an internal link.
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What component of JunOS provides the CLI and the J-Web GUI?
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The RE
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"On a J-series router, what process is responsible for emulating the microkernel found in the M-series and T-series routers?"
|
fwdd-unix
|
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"In a J-series router, why does adding PIMs increase the overall throughput of the router?"
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Because PIMs have individual network processors.
|
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What is the form factor of a J2320 Services Router?
|
1-RU
|
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"How much RAM comes standard on a J2320, and what is it upgradeable to?"
|
"256MB standard, upgradeable to 1GB."
|
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"How large is the compact flash disk on a J2320, and what is it upgradeable to?"
|
"256MB standard, upgradeable to 1GB"
|
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How many USB ports does the J2320 have?
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One.
|
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How much throughput can the J2320 handle?
|
400Mbps
|
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How many built-in 10/100/1000 ports does the J2320 have?
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Four.
|
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How many expandable PIM slots does the J2320 have?
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Three.
|
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"How much RAM comes standard in a J2350, and what is it upgradeable to?"
|
"256MB, upgradeable to 1GB"
|
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"How large is the compact flash disk on a J2350, and what is it upgradeable to?"
|
"256MB, upgradeable to 1GB"
|
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How many USB ports does the J2350 have?
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One.
|
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How much throughput can the J2350 handle?
|
500Mbps
|
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How many built-in 10/100/1000 Ethernet ports does the J2350 have?
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Four
|
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How many expandable PIM slots does the J2350 have?
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Five
|
|
What type of power options are available on the J2350?
|
AC or DC
|
|
What is the form factor of the J4350?
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2-RU
|
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How much RAM comes standard in the J4350 and what is it upgradeable to?
|
"256MB or 1GB, upgradeable to 2GB."
|
|
What size is the compact flash drive in a J4350 and what is it upgradeable to?
|
"256MB, upgradeable to 1GB."
|
|
How many USB ports does a J4350 have?
|
Two.
|
|
How much clear-text throughput can a J4350 handle?
|
600Mbps
|
|
How much encrypted throughput can the J4350 handle without hardware acceleration?
|
30Mbps
|
|
How much encrypted throughput can the J4350 handle with hardware acceleration?
|
300Mbps
|
|
How many built-in 10/100/1000 Ethernet ports does the J4350 have?
|
Four.
|
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How many EPIM/PIM slots does the J4350 have?
|
Two EPIM/PIM slots and four PIM-only slots.
|
|
What is the form factor of the J6350?
|
2-RU
|
|
How much RAM comes standard in the J6350 and what is it upgradeable to?
|
"1GB, upgradeable to 2GB"
|
|
How large is the standard compact flash drive in the J6350 and what is it upgradeable to?
|
"256MB, upgradeable to 1GB"
|
|
How many USB ports does the J6350 have?
|
Two.
|
|
How much clear-text throughput will the J6350 handle?
|
1Gbps
|
|
What J-series module includes a standard hardware encryption module?
|
The J6350
|
|
How much encrypted throughput can the J6350 handle?
|
500Mbps with built-in hardware acceleration
|
|
How many 10/100/1000 Ethernet ports does the J6350 have?
|
Four.
|
|
How many EPIM/PIM slots does the J6350 have?
|
Four EPIM/PIM slots and two PIM-only slots.
|
|
Which model of J-series router has redundant (hot-swappable) AC or DC power supplies?
|
J6350
|
|
Which models of J-series routers include an EIA-232 RJ45 management port?
|
All of them.
|
|
What is the form factor of the M7i?
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2-RU
|
|
What type of storage media is in the M7i?
|
compact flash and hard disk
|
|
How much clear text throughput can the M7i handle?
|
8.4Gbps
|
|
What type of ports and PIC slots are available on the M7i?
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"Two Fast Ethernet or one Gigabit Ethernet, and four PIC slots"
|
|
What is the form factor of the M10i?
|
5-RU
|
|
What type of storage does the M10i have?
|
compact flash and hard drive
|
|
How much clear text throughput can the M10i handle?
|
12.8Gbps
|
|
"What M-series routers offer redundant Routing Engines, CFEBs and power supplies?"
|
M10i and M120
|
|
What is the form factor of the M120?
|
12-RU
|
|
What type of storage does the M120 have?
|
compact flash and hard drive
|
|
How much clear text throughput can the M120 handle?
|
120Gbps
|
|
How many FPC slots does the M120 have?
|
"two compact FPC slots and four FPC slots for type 1, 2, or 3 FPCs"
|
|
What does the MM-F/P/T model indicate?
|
"MM=media type
F=FPC number P=PIC number T=Port number" |
|
What naming convention do J-series routers use for specifying interfaces?
|
The same three-level naming convention used in M-series and T-series routers: MM-F/P/T
|
|
"What does the media type ""at"" indicate on a port?"
|
ADSL interface
|
|
"What does the media type ""dsc"" indicate on a router port?"
|
Virtual interface that discards packets.
|
|
"What does the media type ""e1"" indicate on a router port?"
|
E1 WAN interface
|
|
"What does the media type ""fe"" indicate on a router port?"
|
FastEthernet (10/100Mbps) LAN interface
|
|
"What does the media type ""ge"" indicate on a router port?"
|
Gigabit Ethernet (10/100/1000Mbps) LAN interface
|
|
"What does the media type ""gr"" or ""gre"" indicate on a router port?"
|
Generic Routing Encapsulation interface (generally not configurable)
|
|
"What does the media type ""ip"" or ""ipip"" indicate on a router port?"
|
IP-over-IP interface (Internally generated and not configurable)
|
|
"What does the media type ""lo"" indicate on a router port?"
|
Loopback interface
|
|
"What does the media type ""ls"" or ""lsi"" indicate on a router port?"
|
Link services interface (Internally generated and not configurable)
|
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"What does the media type ""mt"" or ""mtun"" indicate on a router port?"
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Multicast GRE interface (internally generated and not configurable)
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"What does the media type ""pd"" or ""pimd"" indicate on a router port?"
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PIM de-encapsulator interface (internally generated and not configurable)
|
|
"What does the media type ""pe"" or ""pime"" indicate on a router port?"
|
PIM encapsulator interface (internally generated and not configurable)
|
|
"What does the media type ""pp"" indicate on a router port?"
|
Point-to-Point protocol interface (used for PPPoE)
|
|
"What does the media type ""se"" indicate on a router port?"
|
Serial interface
|
|
"What does the media type ""sp"" indicate on a router port?"
|
Services interface
|
|
"What does the media type ""tap"" indicate on a router port?"
|
The tap interface is internally generated and not configurable
|
|
"What does the media type ""t1"" indicate on a router port?"
|
T1 WAN interface
|
|
"What does the media type ""t3"" indicate on a router port?"
|
T3 WAN interface
|
|
Why does adding a J-series PIM to a router not decrease its overall capacity?
|
Because each J-series PIM contains a network processor that handles some of the packet processing functions.
|
|
What pieces of a J-series router are field replaceable units (FRUs)?
|
"Compact flash
USB storage device DRAM PIMs Encryption acceleration card" |
|
What J-series router supports hot insertion and removal of a redundant power supply?
|
J6350
|
|
Does insertion of a new PIM into a J-series chassis require power off?
|
"Yes, the unit should be powered down before replacing or adding a PIM."
|
|
What two user interface options are available locally in JunOS?
|
"- J-Web web-based user interface
- JunOS CLI" |
|
What two network management solutions are available for JunOS routers?
|
"- SDX
- JUNOscope" |
|
What language does JUNOscript use?
|
XML
|
|
What is RPM?
|
Real-Time Performance Monitoring
|
|
What router series' include a dedicated management Ethernet port?
|
M-series and T-series
|
|
What is the name of the dedicated management Ethernet port?
|
fxp0 or em0
|
|
"If the authentication order is [radius tacplus] and both the RADIUS and TACACS+ servers are down/unreachable, will the local password database be checked for authentication?"
|
"Yes, because no reply was received from either of the authentication options."
|
|
"If the authentication order is [radius tacplus] and both the RADIUS and TACACS+ servers respond with authentication rejects, will the local password database be checked for authentication?"
|
No. The local database is only checked if no response is received from any of the listed authentication methods.
|
|
What component of the user hierarchy is a container for one or more permissions and explicit allow/deny overrides?
|
"The ""class"" level."
|
|
"What happens if a user has a TACACS+ account but not a RADIUS account, and the authentication-order is [radius tacplus], what will happen?"
|
"The user will get a reject from the RADIUS server, but then move on to the TACACS+ server and be accepted. User should be able to log in with TACACS+ credentials."
|
|
What are the four predefined login classes?
|
"super-user, operator, read-only, and unauthorized"
|
|
What permissions does the predefined operator class grant by default?
|
"Clear, network, reset, trace, and view"
|
|
What permissions does the predefined read-only class grant by default?
|
View only
|
|
How are user classes set up logically?
|
"Using a predefined permission set, with specific commands allowed or denied."
|
|
"If a user class contains a deny statement and an allow statement for a particular command, what is the result?"
|
The command is allowed by the user class.
|
|
How many rollback configurations are stored (maximum)?
|
50
|
|
What is the command to load a rollback configuration into the candidate configuration?
|
rollback <x>
|
|
"When a candidate configuration is committed, what rollback number does the previously active configuration become?"
|
rollback 1
|
|
Where are the first three configuration rollbacks stored?
|
/config
|
|
Where are rollbacks 4-49 stored?
|
/var/db/config
|
|
What is required before enabling HTTPS-based access to the J-web GUI?
|
Installation of an SSL certificate.
|
|
Is access via J-web enabled by default?
|
Yes. Factory-default configuration enables autoinstallation and J-web access using HTTP.
|
|
"When a system is at factory defaults, what section of the interface does the J-web GUI default to?"
|
Configuration > Quick Configuration > Setup
|
|
"Once initial setup is complete, what section of the interface does the J-web GUI default to?"
|
Monitor > System
|
|
"What J-web suboption allows you to view, download, or activate any of the 50 most recent committed configurations?"
|
Configuration > History
|
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What J-web suboption allows to you work directly with the configuration file in the same format used by the CLI?
|
Configuration > View and Edit
|
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What is the configuration file called that does not exist by default and is meant to ensure management access to the router?
|
The rescue configuration.
|
|
"In J-web, how do you save a known good configuration so that it can be reloaded by pressing the CONFIG/RESET CONFIG button on the front of a J-series router?"
|
Configuration > Rescue
|
|
"In the CLI, what character identifies operational mode?"
|
>
|
|
"In the CLI, what character identifies configuration mode?"
|
#
|
|
What is the difference between root and nonroot users logging into the CLI?
|
"nonroot users are placed into the CLI automatically, whereas the root user must start the CLI from the shell"
|
|
What command does the root user need to use to start the CLI shell from the UNIX shell?
|
cli
|
|
What EMACS keyboard sequence moves the cursor left one character?
|
Ctrl-B
|
|
What EMACS keyboard sequence moves the cursor to the beginning of the command line?
|
Ctrl-A
|
|
What EMACS keyboard sequence moves the cursor right one character?
|
Ctrl-F
|
|
What EMACS keyboard sequence moves the cursor to the end of the command line?
|
Ctrl-E
|
|
What EMACS keyboard sequence deletes the character after the cursor?
|
Ctrl-D
|
|
What EMACS keyboard sequence deletes from the cursor to the end of the command line?
|
Ctrl-K
|
|
What EMACS keyboard sequence deletes all characters/negates the current command?
|
Ctrl-U
|
|
What EMACS keyboard sequence deletes the entire word to the left of the cursor?
|
Ctrl-W
|
|
What EMACS keyboard sequence redraws the current line?
|
Ctrl-L
|
|
What EMACS keyboard sequence repeats the previous command in command history?
|
Ctrl-P
|
|
What EMACS keyboard sequence moves to the next command in command history?
|
Ctrl-N
|
|
What key will complete a command but not a variable?
|
Spacebar
|
|
What key will complete a command or variable?
|
Tab
|
|
What are the 14 commands that can be used with the pipe ( | ) symbol?
|
"1) compare <filename|rollback x>
2) count 3) display detail (config mode only) 4) display xml 5) except <regEx> 6) find <regEx> 7) hold 8) last 9) match <regEx> 10) no-more 11) request message 12) resolve 13) save <filename> 14) trim" |
|
What config command allows multiple users to edit the configuration file and only commit their individual changes?
|
configure private
|
|
What config command allows a user to become the config master in order to edit the candidate configuration?
|
configure exclusive
|
|
What configuration-level command functions similarly to the cd command to move around the configuration hierarchy?
|
edit
|
|
What configuration command moves up one level in the configuration hierarchy?
|
up
|
|
What configuration command can be used to move up <x> levels in the configuration hierarchy?
|
up <x>
|
|
What configuration command moves to the top of the configuration hierarchy?
|
top
|
|
What command can be used to display the differences between the candidate and active configurations?
|
show | compare
|
|
How can you compare the active configuration with a historical rollback configuration?
|
"(from operational mode)
show configuration | compare rollback <x>" |
|
How can you compare the active configuration to a saved file?
|
"(from operational mode)
show configuration | compare" |
|
What command can be used to view differences between any two text files?
|
"(from operational mode)
file compare files <filename1> <filename2>" |
|
What commit command will confirm syntax but not actually commit changes?
|
commit check
|
|
What commit command will temporarily activate a candidate configuration?
|
commit confirmed
|
|
What commit command can be used to commit changes at a specified time in the future?
|
commit at <time>
|
|
Does the rollback command modify the active configuration?
|
"No, rollback only modifies the candidate configuration."
|
|
What command can be used to save the current candidate configuration?
|
save <filename>
|
|
"Where are configuration files saved using ""save <filename>"" stored?"
|
"In the user's come directory, unless a full path name is specified."
|
|
"Regarding hierarchy, what is important to keep in mind when doing a ""save"" from configuration mode?"
|
save only saves from the current hierarchy down.
|
|
"What command can be used with the ""save <filename>"" command to display set statements instead of displaying the hierarchical configuration?"
|
save <filename> | display set
|
|
What options can be used for filename targets?
|
"A path and filename on the local router's file system, or the URL of an FTP or SCP server."
|
|
What command can be used to load a complete or partial configuration into the current candidate configuration?
|
load
|
|
What three options are available when loading from a filename or terminal into the candidate configuration?
|
"merge, override, replace"
|
|
Does the load command modify the active configuration?
|
"No, it only modifies the candidate configuration."
|
|
What command can be used to execute operational-mode CLI commands from within configuration mode?
|
run
|
|
Is HTTP access to J-web enabled by default on J-series routers?
|
Yes.
|
|
What three authentication methods are supported by JunOS?
|
"RADIUS, TACACS+, local database"
|
|
What software process handles the autoinstallation task?
|
autod
|
|
What two protocols are used during autoinstallation to acquire IP addresses for LAN interfaces?
|
DHCP and RARP
|
|
What protocol is used during autoinstallation to acquire IP addresses for point-to-point WAN links?
|
SLARP
|
|
What happens during autoinstallation if an interface fails three times to acquire an IP address with DHCP and RARP?
|
The interface is assigned a static address and start a DHCP server process on the interface.
|
|
What types of routers include autoinstallation functionality?
|
J-series only.
|
|
What software process handles the autoinstallation task?
|
autod
|
|
What two protocols are used during autoinstallation to acquire IP addresses for LAN interfaces?
|
DHCP and RARP
|
|
What protocol is used during autoinstallation to acquire IP addresses for point-to-point WAN links?
|
SLARP
|
|
What happens during autoinstallation if an interface fails three times to acquire an IP address with DHCP and RARP?
|
The interface is assigned a static address and start a DHCP server process on the interface.
|
|
What types of routers include autoinstallation functionality?
|
J-series only.
|
|
What hidden command is automatically used to deactivate autoinstallation after a successful commit?
|
delete-upon-commit
|
|
Where are autoinstallation logs sent?
|
/var/log/autod
|
|
What section of the configuration hierarchy must be modified to override default autoinstallation behavior?
|
[edit system autoinstallation]
|
|
What command stops the autoinstallation process?
|
request system autoinstallation stop
|
|
What command restarts the autoinstallation process?
|
restart autoinstallation
|
|
"What page in J-web allows you to view, save, or delete the rescue configuration?"
|
Configuration > Rescue
|
|
"From the CLI, what command sets the rescue configuration to the currently active configuration?"
|
request system configuration rescue save
|
|
What button on the front of the chassis can be used to activate the rescue configuration if briefly pressed?
|
RESET CONFIG
|
|
What configuration mode command overwrites the candidate configuration with the rescue configuration?
|
rollback rescue
|
|
"What is the root user's password, by default?"
|
There is no root password by default.
|
|
What CLI command will overwrite the candidate configuration with the default configuration?
|
load factory-default
|
|
"What chassis button can be pressed to load a factory-default configuration, but deletes the active config, all rollback configs, and the rescue config?"
|
"RESET CONFIG, if held for more than 15 seconds"
|
|
On a J-series router, is J-web enabled by default?
|
Yes
|
|
What are the supported methods of authentication?
|
- RADIUS
- TACACS+ - Local Database |
|
If a password is rejected by an authentication method, what does the router do?
|
Either rejects the user connection or attempts the next configured authentication method in the list.
|
|
What type of cables do you use to connect to Juniper router serial interfaces?
|
Proprietary Juniper Networks cables.
|
|
To perform a graceful shutdown of an interface and ensure file system integrity (From J-Web):
|
Use the Manage > Reboot > Halt Immediately option
|
|
To perform a graceful shutdown of an interface and ensure file system integrity (From CLI):
|
request system halt
|
|
What system process handles autoinstallation functionality?
|
autod
|
|
How many times will a LAN interface attempt address acquisition before being assigned a static address and starting the DHCP process?
|
Three
|
|
What are the two stages of autoinstallation on a J-series router?
|
1) Address acquisition
2) Configuration file transfer |
|
By default, what protocol is used to transfer the configuration file during autoinstallation?
|
TFTP
|
|
What protocols are supported for configuration file transfer during autoinstallation?
|
HTTP, TFTP, FTP
|
|
If DHCP or RARP address assignment is not available, what interface is assigned a 192.168.1.1/24 address statically?
|
fw-0/0/0 or ge-0/0/0
|
|
If DHCP or RARP address assignment is not available, what address is assigned to the fe-0/0/1 or ge-0/0/1 interface?
|
192.168.2.1 /24
|
|
On a J-series at factory defaults, what is the root password?
|
The root password is not set by default.
|
|
What is the difference when logging into the CLI with the root user or any other user?
|
The root user needs to start the CLI using the command "cli"
|
|
How many logical interface units do PPP and HDLC encapsulations support?
|
Only one. (Unit 0)
|
|
What point-to-point encapsulations are supported by JunOS?
|
PPP, HDLC, and Frame Relay
|
|
What interfaces support DHCP server mode when performing autoinstallation?
|
Fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet
|
|
Describe how a rescue configuration is saved and later activated.
|
- No rescue configuration exists on a device by default.
- Once saved, you can activate the rescue configuration using the CLI, J-Web or on J-series routers by using the "RESET CONFIG" button on the front of the chassis. - The rescue configuration can be saved, deleted, viewed, or restored from Configuration > Rescue in J-web - To set the rescue configuration to the currently active configuration from the CLI, use the command "request system configuration rescue save" - To view the rescue configuration from the CLI use the command "show system configuration rescue" - To delete the rescue configuration from the CLI use the command "request system configuration rescue delete" - To activate the rescue configuration from the CLI use the command "rollback rescue" |
|
How can you return a unit to factory default state?
|
- From the CLI use the command "load factory-default" (then "commit")
- Hold the "RESET CONFIG" button on the front of the chassis for 15 seconds. This method also deletes the current active configuration, the rescue configuration, and all rollback configurations. |
|
List and describe four parameters that are normally configured during initial installation.
|
1) root password (By default the only user that can access a router is root. There is no root password specified in the initial active configuration.)
2) Hostname of the router. 3) Time of day/NTP 4) System services for remote access (Telnet, SSH, HTTP/HTTPS) 5) Management interface IP address (J-series routers do not have a dedicated management interface, but best practice is to reserve the fe-0/0/0 or ge-0/0/0 interface for out-of-band management). 6) Loopback interface 7) IP address of the default router in the management network. |
|
Describe parameters that are configured at the logical unit level of an interface.
|
- Protocol family (inet, inet6, iso, mpls)
- MTU - Addresses (IPv4/IPv6 address, ISO NET address) - Virtual Circuits (VLAN tag, DLCI, VPI/VCI) |
|
What is the default root password?
|
There is none. This should be set up during intial configuration.
|
|
What user authentication methods are available?
|
RADIUS, TACACS+, local database
|
|
List two user interface options supported by J-series platforms.
|
- J-Web
- CLI |
|
What does the "confirmed" switch do when configuring changes?
|
Causes the system to start a time, during which time it expects to see another commit. If a second commit does not occur in the specified time-out value (10 minutes default), the system performs a "rollback 1; commit" sequence.
|
|
What command restores the router to the previously committed configuration?
|
rollback 0
commit |
|
How can you display differences between an active and a candidate configuration?
|
"show configuration | compare"
|
|
What is the difference between the merge, override, and replace arguments when loading a file?
|
- merge combines the current configuration with the configuration being loaded.
- override completely overwrites the current configuration with the configuration being loaded. You must perform override operations at the root of the configuration hierarchy - replace: looks for a replace tag in the configuration being loaded. Existing statements of the same name are replaced with those in the loaded configuration for stanzas marked with the replace tag. |
|
How can you display the status of an interface while in configuration mode?
|
run show interfaces <interface>
|
|
What is the purpose of J-series copy protection, and how does it work?
|
- To prevent running JunOS software on nonlicensed hardware.
- It works by checking for an EPROM signed by the Juniper Networks private key. |
|
What does it mean if the STATUS LED on a J-series router is blinking green?
|
The kernel is booting.
|
|
What is the HA LED on the front of a J-series router used for?
|
Unused in the current JunOS software release.
|
|
If the J4350 or J6350 is experiencing a condition that is not critical but requires monitoring or maintenance, how will the ALARM LED display?
|
Steadily yellow
|
|
If the J4350 or J6350 is experiencing a condition that is critical and can result in system shutdown, how will the ALARM LED display?
|
Steadily red
|
|
What CLI command will display the chassis temperature reading?
|
show chassis environment
|
|
What CLI command will display the temperature of the CPU?
|
show chassis routing-engine
|
|
What CLI command will display a brief summary of interface status?
|
show interfaces terse
|
|
What CLI command will clear the counters displayed by "show interfaces extensive"?
|
clear interfaces statistics <interface-name>
or clear interfaces statistics all |
|
What CLI command will display real-time statistics and error reports for an interface?
|
monitor interface <interface-name>
|
|
What modifier can be used to cause configuration statements to not take effect when you issue the commit command?
|
deactivate
|
|
What statement reverses the deactivate modifier in a configuration?
|
activate
|
|
What configuration modifier administratively disables an interface or logical unit while retaining configured properties?
|
disable
|
|
What CLI command can be used to bounce J-series PIMs or M-series FPCs?
|
request chassis fpc restart slot <slot-number>
|
|
What CLI command is used in lieu of tcpdump?
|
monitor traffic
|
|
What is the primary syslog file on a J-series router?
|
/var/log/messages
|
|
What does the archive section of the the system logging options configuration do?
|
Determines how to archive system logging files (default is to keep 10 archive files with a maximum size of 128KB each.)
|
|
What does the console section of the the system logging options configuration do?
|
Determines the types of syslog messages to log to the system console.
|
|
What configuration stanza can be added to the configuration hierarchy to enable debugging on that section of the configuration?
|
traceoptions
|
|
What CLI command will display the contents of a log or tracefile?
|
show log <filename>
|
|
What CLI command can be used to monitor a trace in real-time?
|
monitor start <filename>
|
|
What CLI command can be used to clear a log file that is being written to by traceoptions?
|
clear log <filename>
|
|
What does the soft licensing model ensure will not happen?
|
Licensing will never be the cause of a network outage.
|
|
Where are license keys stored?
|
/config/license/
|
|
What CLI command will show the licenses configured on a J-Series router?
|
show system license keys
|
|
What CLI command will back up your license data?
|
request system license save
|
|
What CLI command will show which of the installed licenses are being used and any additional licenses that are required?
|
show system license usage
|
|
What is the primary boot device of a JunOS router?
|
compact flash
|
|
On a J-series router, what is the secondary boot device?
|
USB
|
|
On a M-series platform, what is the secondary boot device?
|
Hard drive
|
|
What CLI command can be used to reboot using a specific device as the boot device?
|
request system reboot media <device>
|
|
What is the system device name of the primary compact flash hard drive?
|
/dev/ad0s1a
|
|
What is the system device name of the M-series hard drive?
|
/dev/ad1s1a
|
|
What is the system device name of the J4300/J6300 removable compact flash drive?
|
/dev/ad2s1a
|
|
What is the system device name of the USB storage device?
|
/dev/da0s1a
|
|
What is the main difference between the domestic and export versions of J-series software?
|
Domestic version supports 128-bit encryption and requires signed agreement, while the export version supports only 56-bit encryption.
|
|
Explain the J-series software package naming convention.
|
junos-jseries-m.nZnumber-region.tgz
m.n is the major version number Z is a single uppercase letter: A=alpha B=beta R=release T=Internal number=the release number and may include the build number for that release. region=either domestic or export |
|
What CLI command can be used to show the free disk space in JunOS?
|
show system storage
|
|
What CLI command is used to add a new package?
|
request system software add
|
|
By default, where is a copy of the previous software package stored?
|
/packages/
|
|
What CLI command can be used to restore a previous software version?
|
request system software rollback
|
|
What CLI command can be used to mirror the contents of the primary compact flash onto a secondary boot device?
|
request system snapshot
|
|
What CLI commands can be used to delete files or backups?
|
file delete <filename>
or request system software delete-backup |
|
Password Recovery: At the boot loader prompt, what command needs to be entered to boot to single-user mode?
|
boot -s
|
|
List two methods for monitoring J-series platform operation.
|
- CLI "show system" commands
- J-web Monitor>System page |
|
What does a blinking power LED indicate?
|
The router is gracefully shutting down.
|
|
What command displays interface statistics in real time?
|
monitor interface
|
|
Describe the switches that can be used with the ping utility:
|
verbose = display detailed output
count = number of pings to send detail = display incoming interface of received packet interface = source interface interval = delay between ping requests size = size of request packets |
|
Describe the switches that can be used with the traceroute utility:
|
gateway = address of router gateway to route through
interface = name of interface to use for outgoing traffic source = source address to use in outgoing traceroute packets ttl = ip maximum time-to-live value |
|
What command will search a long file for instances of the world "fail" and how could you easily count the number of such instances?
|
show log <filename> | match "fail"
show log <filename> | match "fail" | count |
|
What is the purpose of a snapshot command?
|
To create a backup that can be used in the event of a primary compact flash failure.
|
|
What routing table is used to hold IPv4 unicast routes?
|
inet.0
|
|
Routing preference values can range from 0 to 4,294,967,295. Is a higher or lower value preferred?
|
Lower.
|
|
What do you need to configure if you want to propagate routes from one source to another protocol?
|
Routing policies
|
|
What actions are considered terminating actions in regard to routing policies?
|
accept, reject
|
|
What is the default import policy for OSPF?
|
Accept all LSAs flooded by that protocol.
|
|
What is the default export policy for OSPF?
|
Reject everything. (Announce only OSPF-learned and local routes)
|
|
What is the default import policy for RIP?
|
Accept all learned RIP routes, export nothing.
|
|
What is the default export policy for RIP?
|
Reject everything. (RIP requires export policy to announce RIP (or other) routes).
|
|
By default, does a Juniper router perform recursive lookups for next-hop addresses?
|
No. By default the next-hop IP address of static routes configured in JUNOS must be reachable via a direct route.
|
|
What happens to a static route if the IP address of the next hop is unreachable across a directly connected interface?
|
That route becomes nonactive.
|
|
What command would create a static route to the 192.168.1.0/24 network with a next hop of 10.1.1.1?
|
set routing-options static route 192.168.1.0/24 next-hop 10.1.1.1
|
|
What show command can be used to display static routes?
|
show route protocol static
|
|
Is RIP a link-state or distance-vector routing protocol?
|
distance-vector
|
|
In RIP, what is used as the metric for path selection?
|
hop count
|
|
In RIP, how often are routing updates sent?
|
Every 30 seconds.
|
|
What version of RIP is necessary to use classless routing?
|
RIPv2
|
|
What is the IP multicast address of RIPv2?
|
224.0.0.9
|
|
What command can be run to show interfaces currently running RIP?
|
show rip neighbor
|
|
What command can be used to show RIP routes in the unicast routing table?
|
show route protocol rip
|
|
What CLI command can be used to show the routes that are advertised out a RIP interface as a result of your RIP export policy?
|
show route advertising-protocol rip <interface_ip>
|
|
For how many RIP update cycles does a a RIP router send poison reverse advertisements about unreachable prefixes?
|
Three RIP update cycles (Approx. 90 seconds)
|
|
What CLI command can be used to view the routes being received via an interface participating in RIP?
|
show route receive-protocol rip <interface_ip>
|
|
Is OSPF a link-state or a distance -vector routing protocol?
|
link-state
|
|
In OSPF terminology, what is considered to be a "backbone router"?
|
Any router with a link to Area 0.
|
|
In OSPF terminology, what is considered to be an "internal router"?
|
A router with all of its links within a single area.
|
|
In OSPF terminology, what is considered to be an "area border router"?
|
A router with links in two areas.
|
|
In OSPF terminology, what is considered to be an "autonomous system boundary router"?
|
A router that injects routing information from outside the OSPF domain.
|
|
What CLI command can be used to display OSPF neighbor adjacencies?
|
show ospf neighbor
|
|
In OSPF terminology, what is a "stub area"?
|
Areas into which, or through which AS external advertisements are NOT flooded.
|
|
In OSPF terminology what is a "totally stubby area"?
|
A stub area that ONLY receives the default route from the backbone.
|
|
In OSPF terminology, what is a "not-so-stubby area"?
|
An area that allows external routes to be flooded within the area and leaked into other areas. However, external routes from other areas do not enter the NSSA?
|
|
According to the OSPF specification, what is a type 1 LSA?
|
Router LSA
|
|
According to the OSPF specification, what is a type 2 LSA?
|
Network LSA
|
|
According to the OSPF specification, what is a type 3 LSA?
|
Summary LSA
|
|
According to the OSPF specification, what is a type 4 LSA?
|
ASBR LSA
|
|
In OSPF terminology, what is an intra-area route?
|
A route that is generated from within an area.
|
|
In OSPF terminology, what is an interarea or summary route?
|
A route that originates from another area.
|
|
In OSPF terminology, what is an external route?
|
A route that originates from another routing protocol or a different OSPF process and is injected into OSPF through redistribution.
|
|
According to the OSPF specification, what is a type 5 LSA?
|
AS external LSA
|
|
According to the OSPF specification, what is a type 6 LSA?
|
Multicast OSPF LSA [not used in modern OSPF networks]
|
|
According to the OSPF specification, what is a type 7 LSA?
|
NSSA external LSA
|
|
According to the OSPF specification, what is a type 8 LSA?
|
External attributes LSA [not used in modern OSPF networks]
|
|
According to the OSPF specification, what is a type 9 LSA?
|
Opaque LSA (link scope) [not used in modern OSPF networks]
|
|
According to the OSPF specification, what is a type 10 LSA?
|
Opaque LSA (area scope -- used for traffic engineering)
|
|
According to the OSPF specification, what is a type 11 LSA?
|
Opaque LSA (AS scope)
|
|
What CLI command would you use to add interface fe-0/0/1.0 to OSPF area 0?
|
set protocols ospf area 0.0.0.0 interface fe-0/0/1.0
|
|
What is required if you want to explicitly declare the loopback IP as the OSPF Router ID?
|
Run OSPF on the loopback interface.
|
|
What command will explicitly declare the router-id of a router to be 192.168.1.1?
|
set routing-options router-id 192.168.1.1
|
|
What CLI command will display routes in inet.0 that were learned via OSPF?
|
show ospf route
|
|
What CLI command displays information related to the interfaces on which OSPF is running on?
|
show ospf interface
|
|
What CLI command will clear an OSPF neighbor adjacency?
|
clear ospf neighbor
|
|
What CLI command will display entries in the OSPF link-state database?
|
show ospf database
|
|
What CLI command will display all router LSAs in all areas that have an LSA identifier of 10.0.0.1?
|
show ospf database detail router-lsa-id 10.0.0.1
|
|
What CLI command will completely clear the link-state database?
|
clear ospf database
|
|
What does the purge switch do, when associated with clearing the link-state database?
|
Forces the local router to set ALL LSAs in its database to the maximum age, then reflood the LSAs. This forces all neighbor routers to refresh all their identical LSAs.
|
|
What is the general purpose of a routing policy?
|
To determine what route information should be transferred into or out of the routing table.
|
|
What is the purpose and role of an IGP?
|
An IGP (Interior Gateway Protocol) is primarily used to give optimal connectivity/reachability within a particular routing domain.
|
|
What is the default import and export policy for RIP?
|
Import: Accept all learned RIP routes, export nothing.
Export: Reject everything. |
|
How can you confirm OSPF adjacency status?
|
show ospf neighbor
|
|
How can you display the routes learned only by a specific protocol?
|
show <protocol> route
|
|
What is the purpose of an ABR?
|
The Area Border Router is meant to connect other areas to the backbone area.
|
|
What is the purpose of an ASBR?
|
An Autonomous System Border Router injects routing information from outside of OSPF into the OSPF area.
|
|
What is the advantage of OSPF route summarization?
|
To reduce the size of the link-state database, particularly in area 0.
|
|
What CLI command can be used to determine the service-package setting of an AS PIC?
|
show chassis hardware
|
|
What virtual interface does the services thread of the virtual AS PIC on a J-series present itself as?
|
sp-0/0/0
|
|
What does MLPPP stand for?
|
Multilink Point-to-Point Protocol
|
|
What is the maximum number of links that can be bundled into a MLPPP link?
|
Eight.
|
|
What does the minimum-links value do on a MLPPP bundle?
|
Specifies the minimum number of links that must be active for the bundle to be considered "up."
|
|
What is the first step of configuring NAT?
|
Define the services interface.
|
|
When defining a services interface to configure NAT, what family should the services interface use?
|
inet
|