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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Jazzis not simply a form of music, it reflects and reveals the social, political,economic, cultural and religious history of blacks in the US (AfricanAmericans) |
True |
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Differencebetween Black and African American? |
· Black is a cultural designation that draws itsreference from African diasporas – the flow or movement from a place · Afro American have ancestry from Africa, butlocate themselves in America and see themselves as Americans |
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IsJazz Black Music of African American Music? |
Jazz is a form ofBlack music, but it can also be considered as Afro American, because AfroAmerican falls under the umbrella of Black |
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Jazzand all other forms of Black Music of the US (African American Music) areprimarily methods and means of communication and expression. The primary focusis not entertainment. Entertainment is a distant third in priority!!! |
True |
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Cross-fertilization |
the mixing, merging or synthesis of two or moredifferent entities to form a unique and totally different entity |
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Whatis Jazz??? |
· Blues Aesthetic · Improvisation · Rhythmic Approach/Syncopation · Ability to “swing” |
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Herskovits |
anthropologist,believed that because of the inherent memory of people, that people from theafro diaspora carry with them cultural artifacts, memories keep them alive Hertskovitiantheory - culture has a continuum |
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Frazier |
sociologist,because of the heinous situation of the middle passage, their memory was wiped,no desire to remember what they knew, wanted a clean slate |
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King of the Delta Blues |
Robert Johnson |
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Geographical regions of the Blues |
- Delta - Southeastern seaboard - Territories - Urban |
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Mother of the Blues |
Getrude Ma Rainey |
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Father of the Blues |
William Christopher Handy (not a musician, he was a businessman who was the first to turn blues into a commodity) |
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Empress of the Blues |
Bessie Smith |
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Queen of the Blues |
Dinah Washington |
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Ragtime |
- a style of approach - a tempo - a compositional formula |
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3 regions/schools of ragtime |
- Sedalia, MO (classical sounding) - St. Louis, MO (more syncopated) - New Orleans, LA (blues-oriented) |
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Ragtime formula |
AABBACCDD |
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Minstrel show patter |
1. Show proper 2. Olio 3. Parody/Playlette |
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King of Ragtime |
Scott Joplin |
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Major epicenters of jazz, in order |
1. NOLA 2. CHI 3. NYC` |
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Major contributions of New Orleans |
- Congo Square - Brass Bands - Storyville - Secret societies - Special Balls - "Creoles of Color" - Funeral Processions/Parades - Voodoo |
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Dixieland |
Code for a white jazz grouop |
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Original Dixieland Jazz Band |
first to record jazz |
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House rent parties |
· Major venue for “live” performance for blacks · Major venue for alcohol for black patrons · Hanging spots for lower middle and lower class blacks |
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The Jazz Age |
1920s; the golden twenties, roaring twenties |
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Why Chicago? |
- More nightclubs than New York - Geographically closer to southernstates (migration) - More blacks in Chicago than New York - New York was more noted for theaterand the bourgeoning motion picture industry |
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UNIA |
United Negro Improvement Association, founded by Marcus Mosiah Garvey, tried to get black people to go back to Africa |
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Negro (Harlem) Renaissance |
tight knit community, black scholars, professionals, businessmen |
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Major musicians/big band in New York's jazz scene |
- Louis Armstong, Sidney Bechet, Coleman Hawkins - Fletcher Henderson Orchestra |
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King of Jazz |
Paul Whiteman |
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Innovations from the Fletcher Henderson Orchestra |
- The "Swing" Formula (Don Redman) - Hiring the best musicians - Revitalized the importance of dance - The music business (Live performance, radio) |
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The Swing Era |
- predominately big band - 1930s - spread by rise of radio and recording - spread into the territories |
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First major instrument in jazz |
Cornet |
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Which was not a precursor for jazz? |
Swing (Blues, ragtime, minstrelsy are all precursors) |
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King of Swing |
Benny Goodman |
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Field hollers |
vocalizationof necessity, embody and respond to what was going on, early on slaves used itbut it manifested into the culture of African American music |
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Griot |
aperson/classification of people in the African continent (west Africa) thestoryteller/singer/keeper of the repertoire, oral tradition ->history/affairs of daily life is captured in music |
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Talking drum |
communicationbetween musicians, call and respond |
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Harlem piano school |
musiciansborn in late 1800s developed piano styles made famous, don’t necessarily fallinto the same purviews of jazz epicenters |
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Dean of Big Bands |
Fletcher Henderson |
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Women in big bands during swing era |
YES - b/c of WWII |
