Jazz Final

Front 1

Cool Jazz 1950 vs. Hard Bop 1955

Back 1

cool-west coast, more whites, alto sax, tempo relaxed, counter parts, more arranged, unusual instruments, odd meters
hard bop-NY, Detroit, Philly, more blacks, tenor sax, aggressive hard, less arranged, gospel based lot of chord changes

Front 2

Art Blakey and the Messenger

Back 2

studied in Africa bought back techniques, play side of drums, alter pitch w/elbow hard drive, pulse "Moanin"

Front 3

Clifford Brown and Max Roach Quintet

Back 3

started by Roach drummer w/Brown fast highly articulated long line of eight notes tight interesting arrangements "Powell Prances"

Front 4

Charles Mingus

Back 4

bassist, composer, leader, Bebop traditions, played with Parker racial issues, evokes musicians such as Jelly roll, Ellington, Young
"Hora Decubitus"-mixed meter collective improv

Front 5

John Coltrane late cont...

Back 5

part of avant garde became freer and freer all original quartet members left then went on spiritual journey, "Acknowledgment"

Front 6

Cecil taylor

Back 6

pianist fusion of classical practices and jazz improv quite free percussive approach to piano, very dense and intense-sound energy

Front 7

Albert Ayler

Back 7

unique tenor worked w/Taylor used shrieks, and cries, wails body pulled from river "Ghosts: First Variation"

Front 8

Chicago Free Style Jazz-Sun Ra

Back 8

=element of theater electronic instrument big bands
-pianist wanted others to contemplate the world around them, hippie, "Rocket #9"

Front 9

AACM

Back 9

Association of the Advancement of Creative Music-educated young talent, minority, created Art Ensemble of Chicago they were the best band out of this school-"Ja"

Front 10

Miles Davis 50s and 60s Quintet

Back 10

hard bop-50s and avant-garde-60s
ESP-60s quintet with tenor sax piano bass and drums

Front 11

Bill Evans vs. McCoy Tyner

Back 11

Evans-played with Davis melodic very lyrical, chord voicing, light touch, musical conversation "Autumn Leaves"
Tyner-played with Cotrane less melody quartet voicing, powerful free improv "Blues on the Corner"

Front 12

3 pianist who were influenced by Evans and Tyner

Back 12

-Herbie Hancock "Cantelop Island"
-Chick Corea "Matrix"
-Keith Jarrett "Shades of Jazz"

Front 13

Funk/Soul Jazz

Back 13

continuous of Blakey and Silver, connects soul singers to jazz, connects with audience

Front 14

Cannonball Adderely

Back 14

alto player-played with cornet piano "One for Daddy-O"

Front 15

organ trio

Back 15

no bass organ pounded hard like a bass sax and guitar accompanied them

Front 16

John Coltrane

Back 16

born in NY moved to Philly at 18, in Navy, in Davis Quintet form own band Quartet, became drug free, long intense improvs, died of liver cancer

Front 17

Miles Davis

Back 17

born in IL studied at Juilard, birth of cool in the 50s, played both hardbop and cool, noted for 3 styles

Front 18

Avant-garde

Back 18

break from tradition not defined free spontaneous composition, stand against status quo, from French Military forward garde

Front 19

five basic elements of avant-garde

Back 19

1.) absence of steady pulse 2.) absence of pre-determined chord progression 3.) role of rhythm sections 4.) freer formal structure 5.) use of extended techniques

Front 20

Dave Brubeck Quartet

Back 20

desmond, morello, wright cool band "time out" album best selling record "take five" used off meters, popular with college kids

Front 21

Stan getz

Back 21

tenor sax, started with Herman, truly cool, pure tone, recorded classic w/Gilberto "64"

Front 22

Third Stream

Back 22

referring to synthesis of classical and jazz music elements: classical- instrument, form, composition
jazz-language, gestures, improv, and rhythmic drive

Front 23

Jimmy Smith

Back 23

1st album "The Sermon" and "The Preacher" reflect gospel origins, used swell/blistering right hand runs left hand standard "Road Song"

Front 24

Wes Montgomery

Back 24

unique right hand style used thumb sophisticated approach considered commercial

Front 25

Jazz Fusion

Back 25

rock influenced jazz british invasion Beatles Rolling stones, both committed to rhythm
-complex rhythm simple harmonies, louder

Front 26

Jazz vocals
-vocalese

Back 26

scat, wordless vocals, crooners/singer, vocalese-put words to instrument melodies or pre-existing solos and beat box

Front 27

postmodernism

Back 27

common since 1970s distancing tenets of modernism replace with freewheeling conception of culture

Front 28

Neo-classicism

Back 28

pursuit of new expression of classical jazz from 50s composition over improv resist rock merger

Front 29

Ghost bands

Back 29

bands re-creating pieces that were popular in the 40s and 50s

Front 30

MIDI

Back 30

Musical Instrument Digital Interface- technology allows computers to communicate with synthesizers

Front 31

smooth jazz

Back 31

radio/internet jazz marketing tool started in 80s growth more urban and African American "Breezin'"

Front 32

acid jazz

Back 32

big impact in 90s fusion of jazz and hip hop started in English clubs and moved to US

Front 33

women in jazz

Back 33

more women participating not just vocal but instruments "One Note Samba" Elaine Elias

Front 34

crossover

Back 34

combines jazz values with other styles and other cultures