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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the Japanese sentence structure?
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SOV (subject-object-verb)
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Where does the verb go in a Japanese sentece?
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In Japanese the verb must come at the end of the sentece.
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How do you make a Japanese sentence into a question?
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By adding か at the end of the sentence.
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A Japanese sentence MAY have a subject or topic, but what MUST a Japanese sentene have?
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A Japanese sentence must have a predicate.
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What is a predicate?
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A predicate is part of a sentence that expresses what is said about the subject.
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Where does a predicate come in a sentence?
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It comes at the end of the sentence, it must be a verb or verbal form.
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verbal form
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verbal form must be a noun plus a copula or a verbal adjective.
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noun plus a copula
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日本人 (nihon jin) + です (desu)
日本人-noun Japanese person です - copula (verb to be) |
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verbal adjective
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a verbal phrase is a phrase that acts as an adjective by describing a noun.
Ex: 果物は高いです。 くだものはたかいです。 くだもの-fruit たかい-expensive the adjective たかい modifies the noun くだもの |
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What must immediately follow the word or words it marks?
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A particle
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If a question uses a question word (who,what,when etc.) where does it go?
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It normally goes after the subject or topic of a sentence, but this is not rigid.
Ex: 彼女はいつ本屋で本を買いましたか。 かなじょはいつほにゃでほんをかいましたか。 いつ (when) comes after the topic 彼女 (she) |
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In a Japanese sentence what can be omitted?
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The subject or the topic of the sentence. (never the predicate)
Ex: これは本です or 本です これ is omitted because it is understood. |
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Object of the sentence
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answers the question "what is th subject doing according to the verb?"
Ex: He is eating an apple. -Who is eating? (subject) He is eating -What is he doing? (verb) eating -What is he eating? (object) an apple |
