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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What makes up the slit diaphragm?
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Podocytes of cells
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Is the slit diaphragm a smaller or larger filter than epithelial fenestrations?
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Smaller
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Which two factors influence clearance through the glomerulus?
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Particle size
Particle charge (the more negative, the smalle chance of getting through) |
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So if the basement membrane is negative, how do chloride and bicarb get through?
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They are small enough to get through
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What do we call the forces that compete to move things in and out of the glomerular space?
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Starling forces
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Which one of the starling forces is normally zero?
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the glomerular (bowmen's space) oncotic pressure is normally zero because there are no proteins in it to be pulling water out.
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How does glomerular filtration change as you move toward the efferent end?
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As you move toward the efferent end, you have filtered a good volume of fluid out. This means that you have a higher concentration of protines left in the capillary. So there is a bigger oncotic force pulling fluid back in. This makes filtration slower.
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Where does the efferent arteriole go?
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It goes on to deliver blood to the cortex and medulla
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Autoregulation can help us maintain contstant glomerular rates despite huge incraes in systolic BP. What is the range?
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70-200
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What is the myogenic hypothesis for autoregulation?
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Stretch receptors in the afferent arteriole strecthc in response to increased blood pressure. This allows calcium to leak out and activate smooth muscle contraction. You sort of shield the glomerulus.
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Where is the macula densa located?
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Withiin the distal tubule
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What can the macula densa detect?
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NaCl concentration
Tubular flow rate |
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What factors can be released by the macula densa?
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Vasoconstrictors:
Adenosine ATP Vasodilators: Prostaglandin NO |
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GFR depends on pressure in the glomerulus but also on renal blood flow. What happens as we constrict the efferent arteriole?
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As e constrict the efferent, we get a higher pressure in the glomerulus. This is good. But we also decrease renal blood flow. So up to a point, we increase GFR, btu after that it plateaus and then drops off because we have slow renal blood flow so much
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What is the best substance to use for GFR estimation?
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Inulin
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What is inulin good for/
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Estimating GFR I guess...
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?Will creatinine over or underestimate
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OVERESTIMATE in both urine and plasma collection
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