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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what hormone is given to develop follicles for IVF?
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FSH
higher doses are needed for older women |
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how are oocytes harvested?
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aspiration needle is used to puncture follicle and withdrawl oocytes
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how are embryos scored for quality?
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rate of growth, if EDR <100...bad sign
morphology - presence and amount of fragmentation, fragmentation not good |
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what is the relationship between embryo score and number of embryos transferred?
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direct relationship
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what is the relationship between the age of the woman and the number of eggs that can be harvested via IVF?
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inverse relationship
also correlates to pregnancy success rates |
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what is the relationship between woman's age and live birth rates?
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inverse relationship
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what is the success rate with ICSI/IVF when 2 embryos are transferred?
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30-50%
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does transferring more than 3 embryos increase rate of success?
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no, peaks at 3
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what does co-culturing of embryos do?
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improves embryo development through feeder cells
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what are examples of human cells used in co-culturing?
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granulosa
cumulus epithilial.....cells |
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what is the clinical pregnancy rate after co-culture?
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ranged from 21-53%
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what is the most significant improvement in IVF?
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the developmentof sequential media for culture of human embryos to the blastocyststage.
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why use sequential media?
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increasing evidence that there is a switch in carbohydrate metabolism near the 4-8 cell stage of development
Pyruvate and lactate are the primary energy sources for early cleavage-state embryos. However, glucose has been found to be the main energy source from the morulastage to the hatching blastocyst stage Increasing evidence that as embryos travel from the oviduct to the uterus there is a decrease in Oxygen concentrations. This alters the metabolic state of the embryo as well. The G1/G2 sequential medium is based on these observations |
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what are the benefits of blastocyst transfer?
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Implantation and pregnancy rates are 45% or better
25-35% pregnancy rate for day 3 transfers. |
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why is blastocyst transfer not as successful for older women?
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you need to start with a large pool of embryos because not many embryos develop to the blastocyststage
Thus this method does not work so well for older women where you usually get only a small number of embryos |
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what were the 2 adjustment made to traditional freezing protocol?
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a higher concentration of cryoprotectant
faster freezing time |
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why does freezing time need to be faster?
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the human egg is a large cell with lots of cytoplasm
Mitotic spindle depends on the activity of motor proteins, energy and temperature. The motor proteins can be damaged by freezing Egg membranes are sensitive to ice crystals The oocyteis less permeable to cryoprotectantsthan the zygote or later embryo stages |
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what is the oocyte freezing protocol used in vetrification?
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high concentrations of cryoprotectants(glycerol or DMSO) with rapid cooling that results in an extreme elevation in viscosity
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what is vetrification?
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avoids formation of crystals in the cytoplasm
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what are some important needs for oocyte preservation>
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women about to go through chemotherapy can harvest eggs
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A new method for culturing follicles and maturing eggs in vitro has been developed by Dr. Teresa Woodruff?
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Follicles are cultured in an alginate bead
Alginate is used to thicken ice cream It allows the follicle to maintain its 3-D structure and the egg matures successfully |
