Italian Culture 2500 Quiz 2

Front 1

Benedetto Croce

Back 1

Philosophical idealism that any act/sin has consequences. Eventually became a politician.

Front 2

Deledda

Back 2

Received Nobel in 1926 for Reeds in the Wind.

Front 3

Luigi Pirandello

Back 3

Won Nobel in 1934. Of Sicily, one of the most influential writers of the Fascist Era (most known for his modernist plays and short stories). Between 1908-1922 he wrote a novelle per un anno. One is "The Other Son" which became a part of Kaos.

Front 4

Paolo and Vittorio Taviani

Back 4

Italian film directors and screenwriters. Made the film Kaos (1984).

Front 5

Margherita Sarfatti

Back 5

Mussolini's mistress that wrote his biography called Dux. She also sponsored the Novecento.

Front 6

Giorgio De Chirico

Back 6

Famous metaphysical artist of the time. His paintings are known for their several points of reference. Pre-Surrealist and eventual Surrealist. (Around 1910's-1920's)

Front 7

Alberto (De Chirico) Savinio

Back 7

Musician and writer in the 30's (animal head paintings).

Front 8

Giuseppe Ungaretti

Back 8

Italian modernist, hermetic poet. One of the most prominent contributors to 20th Century Italian literature.

Front 9

Salvatore Quasimodo

Back 9

Won Nobel Prize in 1959. One of the foremost poets of the 20th Century. Hermetic poet pre-WWII and post-hermetic post-WWII.

Front 10

Eugenio Montale

Back 10

Won Nobel in 1979. Hermetical poet post-WWII. Influenced by the Fascist Regime in poetry.

Front 11

Novecento

Back 11

An Italian artistic movement founded in Milan in 1922. They were motivated by the post war "call to order." The art was associated with Fascist rhetoric and Mussolini.

Front 12

Objective Correlative

Back 12

T.S. Elliot-- Describing something in a compressed way. Term referring to a symbolic article used to provide explicit access to such traditionally inexplicable concepts as emotion or colour.

Front 13

Italo Calvino

Back 13

Wrote about the Italian resistance (1943-1945). Born in Cuba. Became one of the most-translated modern Italian authors. Read Hemingway, Vittorino, and Pavese.

Front 14

Ventennio

Back 14

The Twenty years of Fascist rule (1922-1945).

Front 15

The Industrial Triangle

Back 15

Genoa (port), Torino (manufacturing), Milano (banks)

Front 16

Neorealism (in literature)

Back 16

A cultural movement that brings elements of true life in the stories it describes, rather than a world mainly existing in imagination only. The movement was developed in Europe, primarily after the end of World War II (1945-1952). Heavily influenced by American literature read by the younger Italian gen during Fascism as an effort to belong to a counter-culture.

Front 17

Elio Vittorino

Back 17

Influential writer of neorealism. Taught himself English by translating Robinson Crusoe. His works were often censored by the Fascist Regime and he was even jailed for one piece in 1941.

Front 18

Cesare Pavese

Back 18

Italian poet, novelist, and translator. He wrote his thesis on Walt Whitman and translated Moby Dick in 1932. Also, known as an antifascist.

Front 19

Neorealism (in Film)

Back 19

Influenced the emergence of an international modernist cinema. Had characteristics like postdubbing, nonactors, comic-tragedy, real-time, etc.

Front 20

Luchino Visconti

Back 20

Neorealist Director--- Ossessione (1943), La Terra Trema (1948)

Front 21

Roberto Rossellini

Back 21

Neorealist film director--- Rome Open City (1945), Paisa (1946)

Front 22

Vittorio de Sica

Back 22

Neorealist--- Bicycle Thief (1948), Umberto D. (1951)

Front 23

GAP

Back 23

Gruppi di Azione Parmigiana--- antifascist political group

Front 24

Pin

Back 24

Main character of The Path to the Spiders' Nests

Front 25

Dritto

Back 25

Commander of a detachment, thin, young in The Path to the Spiders' Nests.

Front 26

Mancino

Back 26

Gnome-like, extremist cook in Calvino's novel.

Front 27

Commissar

Back 27

Covered in lice. Killed in battle.

Front 28

Carabiniere

Back 28

"More ignorant than Duke and lazier than Long Zena." Was a part of the Carabiniere but now thinks they're all pigs.

Front 29

Kim

Back 29

Student with political ideologies about why different people are fighting in the war.

Front 30

Efix

Back 30

The servant of the three sisters in Reeds in the Wind

Front 31

Giacinto

Back 31

The three sisters' nephew.

Front 32

Lateran Pacts

Back 32

(1929) Vatican (Pope Pius XI) became a sovereign state, Catholicism is declared the religion of Italy, religion classes in primary and secondary school

Front 33

IRI (Institute for Industrial Reconstruction)

Back 33

(1933) a government entity created to bail out banks and private companies in trouble from the effects of the Great Depression

Front 34

Syndical Law

Back 34

to bring labor under direction of state (legislation developed by Alfredo Rocco, minister of justice, who admired German system: unions had exclusive right to negotiate, strikes were disallowed)

Front 35

Opera Nazionale Dopolavoro

Back 35

(penetrated the working classes more than other party organizations) offered a network of recreational facilities, bars, pool halls, sports grounds and organized concerts, plays, film shows, daytrips, cheap summer holidays for children (summer camps)