Isys 401 - Chapter 2

Front 1

Project

Back 1

A planned undertaking that has a beginning and an end and that produces a desired result or product

Front 2

Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

Back 2

"The entire process of building

Front 3

Predictive Approach

Back 3

An SDLC approach that assumes the development project can be planned and organized in advance and that the new information system can be developed according to the plan.

Front 4

Adaptive Approach

Back 4

"An SDLC approach that is more flexible

Front 5

Waterfall Approach

Back 5

As SDLC approach that assumes the various phases of a project can be completed sequentially - one phase leads (falls) into the next phase

Front 6

Spiral Model

Back 6

An adaptive SDLC approach that cycles over and over again through development activities until a project is complete

Front 7

Prototype

Back 7

A preliminary working model showing some aspect of a larger system

Front 8

Iteration

Back 8

"System development process in which work activities - analysis

Front 9

Incremental Development

Back 9

A development approach that completes parts of a system in several iterations and then puts them into operation for users

Front 10

System Development Methodology

Back 10

"Guidelines to follow for completing every activity in systems development

Front 11

Model

Back 11

A representation of an important aspect of the real world

Front 12

Unified Modeling Language (UML)

Back 12

A standard set of model constructs and notations developed specifically for object-oriented development

Front 13

Tool

Back 13

Software support that helps create models or other components required in the project

Front 14

CASE Tool

Back 14

A computer-aided system engineering tool that helps a system analyst complete development task

Front 15

Technique

Back 15

A collection of guidelines that help an analyst complete a system development activity or task

Front 16

Best Practices

Back 16

Generally accepted approaches for completing a system development task that have been proven over time to be effective

Front 17

Unified Process (UP)

Back 17

"An object-oriented system development methodology originally developed by Grady Booch

Front 18

Use Case

Back 18

"An activity the system carries out

Front 19

Discipline

Back 19

A set of functionally related activities that together contribute to one aspect of a UP development project

Front 20

Artifact

Back 20

UP work products

Front 21

Problem Domain

Back 21

The area of the user's business that needs an information system solution

Front 22

Object-oriented Approach

Back 22

A system development approach that views an information system as a collection of interacting objects that work together to accomplish tasks

Front 23

Object

Back 23

A thing in the computer system that can respond to message

Front 24

Object-oriented Analysis (OOA)

Back 24

Defining all of the types of objects that do the work in a system and showing what user interactions are required to complete tasks

Front 25

Object-oriented Design (OOD)

Back 25

"Defining all of the types of objects necessary to communicate with people and devices in the system

Front 26

Object-oriented Programming (OOP)

Back 26

"Writing statements in a programming language to define what each type of object does

Front 27

Naturalness

Back 27

"Characteristic of the object-oriented approach that describes its match with the way people usually think about their world - that is

Front 28

Reuse

Back 28

Benefit of the object-oriented approach that allows classes and objects to be invented once and used many times

Front 29

User Interface Object

Back 29

"An object the user interacts with while using the system

Front 30

Attributes

Back 30

"Object characteristics that have values

Front 31

Methods

Back 31

Behaviors or operations that describe what an object is capable of doing

Front 32

Problem Domain Objects

Back 32

"Objects that are specific to a business application - for example

Front 33

Class

Back 33

A type or classification to which all similar objects belong

Front 34

Instance

Back 34

A synonym for object

Front 35

Messages

Back 35

"Communications between objects in which one object asks another object to invoke

Front 36

Association Relationship

Back 36

"Naturally occurring relationships between objects

Front 37

Multiplicity

Back 37

The number of association between objects

Front 38

Encapsulation

Back 38

Combining attributes and methods into one unit and hiding it internal structure of objects

Front 39

Information Hiding

Back 39

A characteristic of object-oriented development in which data associated with an object are not visible to the outside world

Front 40

Identity

Back 40

A unique reference to an object that allows another object to find it and send it a message

Front 41

Persistent Objects

Back 41

Objects that a system remembers and that are available for use over time

Front 42

Inheritance

Back 42

A concept in which one class of objects shares some characteristics of another class

Front 43

Superclass

Back 43

"A general class in a generalization/specialization hierarchy

Front 44

Subclass

Back 44

"A specialization class in a generalization/specialization hierarchy

Front 45

Generalization/Specialization Hierarchy

Back 45

A classification system that structures or ranks classes from the more general superclass to the more specialized subclasses; also called inheritance hierarchy

Front 46

Polymorphism

Back 46

A characteristic of objects that allows them to respond differently to the same message

Front 47

Repository

Back 47

"A database of information about the system used by a CASE tool

Front 48

Round-trip Engineering

Back 48

Automating the process of synchronizing graphical models with program code so changes to code automatically update the models and change to models automatically update the code.