Ist Test One

Front 1

Globalization

Back 1

1.0- 1492-1800s - country's expanded globally
2.0- 1800s-2000s- companies expanded globally
3.0-2000s-present- web enabled collaboration globally between individuals

Front 2

Triple Convergence

Back 2

Flatteners, billions moved into workplace, vertical workplace to horizontal workplace

Front 3

Other Triple Convergence

Back 3

9/11, Enron, Dot Com Bust

Front 4

Web 1.0

Back 4

Read Only

Front 5

Web 2.0

Back 5

User generated content

Front 6

7 Layer Model

Back 6

Physical Datalink, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, Application

Front 7

5 Layer MOdel

Back 7

Physical , Datalink, Network, Transport, Application

Front 8

Datalink Layer

Back 8

Media access control, error control

Front 9

Network Layer

Back 9

Addressing/routing of messages. Adds/removes network layer hjeader

Front 10

Transport Layer

Back 10

Links to application layer, segmenting messages

Front 11

Protocols

Back 11

Sets of standardized rules to define how to communicate at each layer and how to interface wth adjacent layers

Front 12

Half Duplex

Back 12

data flows both ways, but one way at a time

Front 13

Full Duplex

Back 13

data flows both ways, both directions at same time

Front 14

Guided vs Unguided media

Back 14

guided-physical matters carries transmissions
unguided- wireless

Front 15

Twisted Pair Wire

Back 15

Telephone/LANs

Front 16

Coaxial Cable

Back 16

used for cabl TV, digital transmissino

Front 17

Fiberoptic Cable

Back 17

light created by LED sent down thin glass or plastic fiber. Highly durable, secure, fast

Front 18

Frequency

Back 18

How often a wave repeats itself

Front 19

Serial Transmissions

Back 19

Sends bit by bit over a single wire, slow, long distances

Front 20

Parallell

Back 20

uses several wires, multiple bits at a time, short distances

Front 21

Modulation

Back 21

Modify carrier wave's fundamental characteristics to encode information

Front 22

Demodulation

Back 22

Extracting signal from carrier wave(MODEM).

Front 23

Peer to Peer Network

Back 23

all computers act as both clients and servers, no dedicated server used

Front 24

Switch

Back 24

better than a hub, faster, no collisions.

Front 25

Collision

Back 25

two computers send data at the same time, and it collides somewhere in the middle

Front 26

LAN Bottlenecks

Back 26

points in network where congestion occurs, happens in network service, or network circuit

Front 27

Access Point(AP)

Back 27

used instead of hubs, acts as repeater for wireless signals

Front 28

Directional Antenna

Back 28

Projects signal only in one direction- safer /more secure

Front 29

Omnidirectional

Back 29

transmit in all directions simultaneously-> most WLANs

Front 30

War Driving

Back 30

searching for Wifi in a moving vehicle

Front 31

SSID

Back 31

Service Set identifier, each access point has one, occasionally must know to contact but is often broadcasted, not secure

Front 32

Hidden Node

Back 32

Attempts to transmist data to another station, but does not realize 3rd party is already communicating with receipient, lost message/multiple retries

Front 33

WEP/WPA

Back 33

WEP- Wireless encryption protocol-easy to break
WPA- Wireless protected access

Front 34

Wimax

Back 34

worldwide interoperability for microwave access. larger distance covered than wifi and cellular

Front 35

Contention in Ethernet Networks

Back 35

transmits whenever the circuit is free

Front 36

Error Detection Techniques

Back 36

parity checks- detects one bit errors, only catches 50%
checksum- 95% 0 adds decimals to each character in message
cyclic redudancy check(CRC)_ 100% effective

Front 37

Asynchronous Tranmission

Back 37

start/stop transmission--> transmits a little at a time when convenient

Front 38

Synchronous Transmission

Back 38

Sent all at once in a frame

Front 39

Transmission Efficiency

Back 39

move as many bits as possible with errors being minimized

Front 40

MAC Address

Back 40

On network card, unique hardware identifier

Front 41

IP v4 vs IP v6

Back 41

v4- 32 bit addresses v6- 32 byte addresses

Front 42

DNS-Domain Name Service

Back 42

used to determine IP addresses for a given URL

Front 43

TCP/IP

Back 43

most common on internet, error checking, handles larger files, compatible with variety of data

Front 44

Routing

Back 44

identify what a packet shuold take from sender to receiver

Front 45

Routing table

Back 45

makes routing decisions, shows which path to send packets on to reach destination. each computer has its own routing table

Front 46

Dynamic Routing(Most common)

Back 46

uses routing tables at each node that are updated dynamically

Front 47

Centralized/Decentralized Routing

Back 47

centralized decisions made by one computer, decentralized made by each node