Ist Exam 2

Front 1

electronic commerce

Back 1

online processing of:
-developing
-marketing
-selling
-delivering
-servicing
-paying for products and other services

relies on the Internet and other information technologies to support every step of the process

Front 2

categories of e-commerce

Back 2

business-to-consumer
business-to-business
consumer-to-consumer

Front 3

access control and security

Back 3

e-commerce processes must establish mutual trust and secure access between parties
-user names and passwords
-encryption key
-digital certificates and signatures

restricted access areas
-other people's accounts
-restricted company data
-webmaster administration areas

Front 4

profiling and personalizing

Back 4

profiling-gathers data on you and your website behavior and choices


*used for:
-personalized marketing
-authenticating identity
-customer relationship management
-marketing planning
-website management

Front 5

search management

Back 5

search processes help customers find the specific product or service they want

Front 6

content and catalog management

Back 6

content management software-helps develop, generate, deliver, update, and archive text and multimedia information e-commerce websites

catalog management software-helps generate and manage catalog content

catalog and content management software works with profiling tools to personalize content
-includes product configuration and mass customization

Front 7

workflow management

Back 7

*e-business and e-commerce workflow management depends on a workflow software engine
-contains software model of business processes

*workflow models express predefined
-sets of business rules
-roles of stakeholders
-authorization requirements
-routing alternative
-databases used
-task sequences

Front 8

event notification

Back 8

most e-commerce applications are event driven
-responds to such things as customer's first website visit and payments
-monitors all e-commerce processes
-records all relevant events, including problem situations
-notifies all involved stakeholders
-works in conjunction with user-profiling software

Front 9

collaboration and trading

Back 9

processes that support vital collaboration arrangements and trading services
-needed by customers, suppliers, and other stakeholders

online communities of interest
-e-mail, chat, discussion groups
-enhances customer service
-builds loyalty

Front 10

electronic payment processes

Back 10

complex processes
-near-anonymous and electronic nature of transactions
-many security issues
-wide variety of debit and credit alternatives
-financial institutions may be part of the process

Front 11

web payment processes

Back 11

-shopping cart process
-credit card payment process
-debit and other more complex processes

Front 12

electronic funds transfer (EFT)

Back 12

-major payment system in banking, retail
-variety of information technologies capture and process money and credit card transfers
-most point-of-sale terminals in retail stores are networked to bank EFT systems

Front 13

securing electronic payments

Back 13

network sniffers easily recognize credit card formats
-encrypt data between customer and merchant
-encrypt data between customer and merchant
-encrypt data between customer and financial institution
-take sensitive information off-line

Front 14

success factors of e-commerce

Back 14

-selection and value
-performance and service
-look and feel
-advertising and incentives
-personal attention (one-to-one marketing)
-community relationships
-security and reliability

Front 15

convert visitors into loyal customers

Back 15

-develop one-to-one relationships
-create incentives to encourage registration
-use Web cookies to identify visitors
-use tracking services to record and analyze website behavior and customer preferences
-create an attractive, friendly , efficient store
-offer fast order processing and payment
-notify when orders are processed and shipped
-provide links to related websites

Front 16

B2B E-Commerce

Back 16

B2B is the wholesale and supply side of the commercial process
-businesses buy, sell, or trade with other businesses

*relies on multiple electronic information technologies

Front 17

one to many marketplace

Back 17

-sell-side marketplaces
-one supplier dictates product offerings and prices

Front 18

many to one marketplace

Back 18

-buy-side marketplaces
-many suppliers bid for the business of a buyer

Front 19

some to many marketplace

Back 19

-distribution marketplaces
-unites suppliers who combine their product catalogs to attract a larger audience

Front 20

many to some marketplace

Back 20

-procurement marketplaces
-unites major buyers who combine purchasing catalogs
-attracts more competition and thus lower prices

Front 21

many to many

Back 21

-auction marketplaces
-dynamically optimizes prices

Front 22

clicks and bricks

Back 22

success will go to those who can integrate Internet initiatives with traditional operations
-merging operations has trade-offs

Front 23

multidimensional structure

Back 23

variation of relational model
-uses multidimensional structures to organize data
-data elements are viewed as being in cubes
-popular for analytical databases that support Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)

Front 24

object-oriented structure

Back 24

object consists of:
-data values describing the attributes of an entity
-operations that can be performed on the data

encapsulation
-combine data and operations

inheritance-
new objects can be created by replicating some or all of the characteristics of parent objects

used in object-oriented database management systems (OODBMS)

supports complex data types more efficiently than relational databases
-ex: graphic images, video clips, web pages

Front 25

hierarchical database structure

Back 25

-works for structured, routine transactions
-can't handle may-to-many relationship

Front 26

network database structure

Back 26

-more flexible than hierarchical
-unable to handle ad hoc requests

Front 27

relational

Back 27

-easily responds to ad hoc requests
-easier to work with and maintain
-not as efficient/quick as hierarchical or network

Front 28

database administrator (DBA)

Back 28

-in charge of enterprise database development
-improves the integrity and security of organizational databases
-uses Data Definition Language (DDL) to develop and specify data contents, relationships, and structure
-stores these specifications in a data dictionary or a metadata repository

Front 29

data dictionary

Back 29

-contains data about data (metadata)
-relies on specialized software component to manage a database of data definitions

Front 30

metadata

Back 30

data about data

Front 31

database development is a top-down process

Back 31

-develop an enterprise model that defines the basic business process of the enterprise
-define the information needs of end users in a business process
-identify the key data elements that are needed to perform specific business activities (entity relationship diagrams)

Front 32

logical design

Back 32

-schema-overall logical view of relationships
-subschema-logical view for specific end users
-data models for DBMS

Front 33

physical design

Back 33

-how data are to be physically stored and accessed on storage devices

Front 34

data resource management

Back 34

-managerial activity
-uses data management, data warehousing, and other IS technologies
-manages data resources to meet the information needs of business stakeholders

Front 35

operational databases

Back 35

-stores detailed data needed to suport business processes and operations
*also called subject area databases (SADB), transaction databases, and production databases
*database examples: customer, human resources, inventory

Front 36

distributed databases

Back 36

-copies or parts of databases stored on servers at multiple locations
*improves database performance at worksites

-advantages
*protection of valuable data
*data can be distributed into smaller databases
*each location has control of its local data
*all locations can access any data, any where

disadvantages
*maintaining data accuracy

Front 37

replication

Back 37

-look at each distributed database and find changes
-apply changes to each distributed database
-very complex

Front 38

duplication

Back 38

-one database is master
-duplicate the master after hours, in all locations
-easier to accomplish

Front 39

external databases

Back 39

-databases available for a fee from commercial online services, or free from the Web
*examples: hypermedia databases, statistical databases, bibliographic and full text databases
*search engines like Google or Yahoo are external databases

Front 40

hypermedia databases

Back 40

contains:
-hyperlinked pages of multimedia
-interrelated hypermedia page elements, rather than interrelated data records

Front 41

data warehouses

Back 41

-stores static data that has been extracted from other databases in an organization
*data is used for data mining, analytical processing, analysis, research, decision support

Front 42

data marts

Back 42

subsets of data that focus on specific aspects of a company (department or business process)

Front 43

data mining

Back 43

data in data warehouses are analyzed to reveal hidden patterns and trends
*market-basket analysis to identify new product bundles
*find root cause of qualify or manufacturing problems
*prevent customer attrition
*acquire new customers
*cross-sell to existing customers
*profile customers with more accuracy