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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the six roles of the president?
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a. Chief Executive-enforces laws, federal court decisions, and treaties.
b. Commander in chief—power to deploy the armed forces. c. Chief of State – engages in many symbolic or ceremonial activities. d. Chief diplomat – directs the foreign policy of the United States. e. Chief legislator – recommends legislative measures. |
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What is an imperial presidency?
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Imperial presidency is when the presidency appropriate powers reserved to other branches of the government
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What is the difference between a restrictive view of the president, stewardship
doctrine, and the prerogative view of presidential power? |
a. Restrictive view of presidential power: the pres is limited by the constitution (Strict interpretation of the constitution”
b. Stewardship doctrine: the pres should do anything required by the needs of the people unless it is specifically prohibited by the constitution (allows for generous interpretation of the constitution.) c. Prerogative views of pres power – take any action to preserve the constitution and to take unconstitutional actions to ensure that the constitution is protected (allows for actions that go beyond what the constitution prescribes) –this view leads to the imperial presidency |
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Who can officially declare war and what was the last war to be officially
declared? |
The president can decide to go to war, but cannot officially declare war.
WW2 |
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What are the provisions of the War Powers Resolution?
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: requires the pres to consult with congress when sending troops into action. Once sent the pres must notify congress within 48 hours. If congress does not authorize a longer period, the troops must be withdrawn after 60 days (or 90 days, if more time is needed for a successful withdrawal).
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Who is allowed to make treaties?
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To make treaties, with the advice and consent of the Senate (must be approved by 2/3 vote)
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What is a line item veto and does the current president have this power?
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Line item veto is the power to veto individual lines or items within a piece of legislation without vetoing the entire bill.
Ruled Unconstitutional |
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What are Inherent powers?
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that are necessary to carry out the specific responsibilities of the president as set forth in the Constitution. But not specified in the constitution.
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What is an executive order?
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a rule or regulation issued by the president that has the effect of law. This is the president’s legislative authority
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What is executive privilege?
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the right of executive officials to refuse to appear before, or to withhold information from a legislative committee
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What is an executive agreement?
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pacts between the president and other heads of the state that do not require senate approval, but they have the same legal status as treaties
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What are the qualifications to become president?
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Natural born citizen, at least thirty-five years old, a resident of the US for at least 14 years
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What policy areas were associated with the first ladies as discussed in
lecture? |
What happens if Hillary Wins? Will this change to the office of the first gentlemen?
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Which first lady first held an office in the East Wing of the White House and
which one first held an office in the West Wing of the White House? |
Rosalynn Carter was the first First Lady to maintain her office in the East Wing In 1979
Hillary Clinton was the only first Lady to keep an office in the West Wing |
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What is a bureaucracy?
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A bureaucracy is a large, complex administrative organization
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What is the difference between the following agencies and what types of agencies are associated with the following:
Executive departments (Cabinet departments) Independent executive agencies Independent Regulatory agencies Government corporations |
a. The executive departments (or cabinet departments) – the fifteen departments State, Treasury, Interior, Justice, etc.
i. They are directly accountable to the president b. Independent executive agencies—A federal agency not part of a cabinet department but reports directly to the President; they have a single function. i. Ex. CIA, NSF, NASA, EPA c. Independent regulatory agencies—their function is to create and implement rules that regulate private activity and protect the public interest in a particular sector of the economy. i. Ex. ICC, FCC, EEOC, FEC d. Government corporations—like private corporations in that they provide a service that could be handled by the private sector; they charge for their services. i. Ex. Postal Service, Amtrack, FDIC |
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What is rulemaking?
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The process of defining laws
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What is a rule?
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A rule is a statement by a federal agency that interprets a law and prescribes an action to implement the law. Rules become law
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What is Adjudication (Negotiated rulemaking Act of 1990)?
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authorized agencies to allow those affected by a rule to participate in the rule-drafting process
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What is Enabling Legislation?
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congress delegate power to implement legislation to agencies
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What is the spoil system?
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The spoil system is the awarding of government jobs to political supporters and friends
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What were Presidents Andrew Jackson and Garfield famous for?
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Andrew Jackson became president in 1828, established the spoil system
A civil service movement started in New York in 1877, the assassination of President Garfield by Charles Guiteau, a disappointed office-seeker. |
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What did the Civil Service Act (Pendleton Act) in 1883 do?
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created a merit system and the civil service commission
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What is the merit system?
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Merit system is the selection, retention, and promotion of government employees on the basis of competitive exams
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What did the Civil Service Act of 1978 do?
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the civil service commission and created two new agencies to handle its duties
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What does The office of personal management (OPM) do?
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recruits, interviews, and tests potential government workers
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What does the Merit Systems Protection Board (MSPB) do?
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evaluates charges of wrongdoing, hears employee appeals from agency decisions, and can order action against agencies and employees
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What is the General Schedule (GS) ?
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pay scale – 15 GS grades GS1- GS 15 based on experience, qualifications, and expertise
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What did the Hatch Act of 1939 do?
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prohibits federal employees from actively participating in politics
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What did the 1993 Federal Employees Political Activities Act do?
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weakened the Hatch act. Federal employees could run for political office is nonpartisan elections, participate in voter registration drives, can make political contributions.
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What is the Whistle-Blower Protection Act of 1989?
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provided protection by authorizing the Office of Special Counsel, an independent agency, to investigate complaints of reprisals against whistleblowers.
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What is Congresses lawmaking responsibility?
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Article 1 of the Constitution vest lawmaking authority in the Congress
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Is lawmaking power vested solely with Congress?
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NO. Overtime congress has delegated lawmaking power to other branches: the President (via executive orders/executive agreements) and bureaucracy (via rulemaking)
Also the Supreme Court is involved in lawmaking (via judicial decisions). |
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How long is a congressional session?
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Each Congress lasts for a term of 2 years; each term is divided into 2 sessions. We are in the 110th congress.
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How long can a bill survive in congress?
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All bills that were submitted in a congress and not acted upon are automatically killed once the congress ends. Hence, new bills have to be submitted
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What are the terms and qualification of house members as opposed to senators?
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House elected every 2 years/ Senators every 6 years; House must be a citizen of the U.S. for at least 7 years/ Senators 9 years, both must be a legal resident of the state from which he or she is to be elected, House must be at least 25 years of age/Senate at least 30.
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What are the powers of the speaker of the house?
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i. Controls what bills get assigned to which committees;
ii. Presides over the sessions of the House; iii. Votes in the event of a tie; iv. Interprets and applies House rules; v. Plays a major role in making committee assignments; Schedules bills for action. |
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What does the House majority leader, House minority leaders and whips do?
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b. Majority leader acts as spokesperson for the party and helps plan the party’s legislative program.
c. Minority leader has similar responsibilities and maintains cohesion within the party. d. Whips. They are vote counters |
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Who is the president of the senate? And what is his/her most important
responsibility in the Senate? |
a. The Constitution makes the VP of the US the president of the Senate.
i. May cast a vote only in the event of a tie. ii. The vice president is rarely present in the Senate |
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What is the President pro tempore?
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The senate president position when the vice pres. isnt present - Elected by the whole
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What do the Senate majority leader and the Senate minority leader do?
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The majority leader is the most powerful individual
The minority leader commands the party’s opposition |
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What are Standing committees?
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Standing committees (permanent); deal with legislation concerning a particular areas.
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What is a Conference committees?
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formed to achieve agreement between the House and the Senate on the exact wording of bills when the two chambers pass bills in different forms
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What are the three most important committees in the House?
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Ways and Means (taxing), Appropriations (spending) and Rules
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What are the three most important committees in the Senate?
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Finance, Appropriations, Foreign Relations and Armed Services
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What is the difference between an Open, Closed and Modified rule?
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Open rule: permits any germane amendment
Close rule: prohibits all amendments Modified rules: These vary but it restricts the types of amendments and/or who can propose them (i.e., only committee members where the bill originated from) |
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What is Filibustering?
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The Senate has unlimited debate. Called filibustering (Talking a bill to death.)
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What are the requirements for Cloture?
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16 petition, 3/5 vote to boot
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What does it mean that the House has the power of the purse?
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since all taxing and spending bills must originate in the House
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What does it mean that the Senate has the power of advice and consent?
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on presidential appointments and treaties
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How is a bill is passed in Congress?
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a. Bills are mostly
proposed by the executive branch but lobbying groups, or private citizens can propose them. But only a member of Congress can formally introduce legislation. b. After introduction, a bill is sent to the appropriate standing committee. c. The committee will report the bill to the full chamber (committee of the Whole – all the members) d. Floor debates give the full House or Senate the opportunity to consider amendments to the original version of the bill. e. Vote on passage of the bill. f. Conference committee. The identical bill must pass the House and Senate. g. All bills passed by Congress have to approved by the president. |
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How can Congress override a presidential veto?
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It takes a 2/3 majority vote in both chambers to override the president’s veto
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