Iss 225 Exam 2

Front 1

What did the Patriots Act do?

Back 1

Strengthened fed gov ability to eavesdrop/wiretap and search authority. (post 911)

Front 2

What is seditious speech?

Back 2

advocating the violent overthrow of the government

Front 3

Difference between the clear and present danger test and the bad-tendency rule

Back 3

clear and present danger test is the restriction of speech that will provoke immediate danger

bad-tendency rule can restrict speech even if it only has a tendency to lead to illegal action

Front 4

Difference between libel and slander

Back 4

Libel (written) and slander (orally) – you cannot make false statements in public that might damage a persons reputation

Front 5

What are Bush’s free speech zones?

Back 5

created free speech zones in which protesters to his political rallies are placed in a designated area away from where the speech is given.

Front 6

What is the standard for obscenity?

Back 6

is more of a community standard. If it shows patently offensive sexual conduct

Front 7

What is the Brady Bill?

Back 7

Brady bill established a national 5 business day waiting period on handgun purchases through licensed dealers (ruled unconstitutional). Required local authorities to conduct a background checks on handgun purchasers

Front 8

Roe v. Wade and Washington v. Glucksberg (1997) dealt with what issue?

Back 8

(1973) established that the right to privacy means that women can choose what to do with their body (ex. To have abortions)

right to die (ex. veggie status)

Front 9

What is the exclusionary rule?

Back 9

holds that any evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment protection against unreasonable searches and seizures is not admissible in court

Front 10

What is the Miranda warning?

Back 10

warnings inform criminal suspects of their constitutional rights, such as the right to remain silent and the right to counsel. Miranda v. Arizona (1966)

Front 11

Who did the 14th amendment apply to?

Back 11

all Americans to equal treatment under the law

Front 12

What the difference between the 1st civil rights act in 1866 and the 2nd civil
rights act in 1875?

Back 12

1st Civil Rights act 1866 gave African Americans full equality before the law and gave the National gov enforcement power.

2nd Civil Rights act 1875 everyone is entitled to full and equal enjoyment of public accommodations, theaters, and other places of public amusement. (Prohibited segregation)

Front 13

What did Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) do?

Back 13

(1896) – The separate-but-equal doctrine. Legalized Segregation in the South

Front 14

What is the difference between De jure and De Facto segregation?

Back 14

De Jure segregation in the South. (segregation by law)

De Facto is segregation by practice NOT by law

Front 15

What is the difference between Poll taxes, Literacy Test, and White primaries?

Back 15

Poll Taxes: pay $ to vote

Literacy Test: test in order to vote

White Primaries: African Americans not allowed to vote in Democratic primaries but could vote in Republican ones.

Front 16

What the difference between Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka and Brown II?

Back 16

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954) – Overturned the separate-but-equal doctrine.

Brown II (1955) – The desegregation of the public schools must begin with “all deliberate speed.”

Front 17

What is the difference between the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights
Act of 1965, and the Civil Rights Act of 1968?

Back 17

1964 forbade discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, gender, and national origin.

1965 made it illegal to interfere with anyone’s right to vote in election held in this country

1968 prohibited discrimination in housing

Front 18

What is the difference between Title 2, Title 6, and title 7 of the 1964 civil
rights act

Back 18

Title 2 - overturned the Jim Crow laws (segregation in public accommodations

Title 6 - Fed. Gov could withhold funds from the states if it discriminated

Title 7 - banned discrimination in employment =>Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)

Front 19

What did the Education Amendments and Title IX do?

Back 19

prohibits discrimination aginst women in federally-funded education, including in athletics programs

Front 20

What were Presidents FDR, Kennedy, and Johnson’s contribution to Affirmative
Action

Back 20

in 1941, when Pres. FDR
Executive Order 8802 requiring defense contractors to pledge nondiscrimination in employment in government-funded projects.

Kennedy issued Executive Order No. 10925, requiring not only that federal contractors pledge non-discrimination but that they “take affirmative action to ensure” equal opportunity.

Executive Order 11246 issued by President Lyndon Johnson, enforces AA for the first time.

Front 21

What is an executive order?

Back 21

A memo from the president

Front 22

What types of programs are associated with Affirmative Action programs?

Back 22

federal contractors, gov-funded projects, city jobs, admission to schools

Front 23

What did the Bakke v. UC Medical School establish?

Back 23

Established Reverse Discrimination

Front 24

Documentary on Emmett Till

What city did his murder happen in?

what congressmen was involved?

Back 24

MONEY bitch

diggs from detroit

Front 25

What is the non-financial largest corporation and what is the largest financial
corporation?

Back 25

Largest corporation: Wal-mart

Largest bank: Citigroup

Front 26

What is the difference between the WTO, IMF and NAFTA?

Back 26

(WTO) deals with the rules of trade between nations/lower trade barriers among the 150 countries.

International Monetary funds/ World Bank. Provide financial assistance to countries that experience serious financial difficulties

(North America Free Trade agreement) reduces trade barriers among US, Canada, and Mexico

Front 27

What is the anti-globalization movement about?

Back 27

Against globalization institutions

They advocate for human rights, labor rights, environmentalism, feminism, freedom of migration, preservation of the cultures of indigenous peoples, cultural diversity, food safety, and ending or reforming capitalism.

Front 28

Documentary of “Tax me if you can”

Back 28

First Union Bank of America had executives that used fake companies to avoid taxation.

Front 29

Where do most American get their news from?

Back 29

90% of Americans use TV news as their primary source of information

Front 30

Which network news shows are considered liberal and which one conservative.

Back 30

CNN (liberal)

FOX NEWS (conservative)

Front 31

What is a sound bite?

Back 31

Sound bite is a brief, memorable comment that easily can fit into news broadcasts or political commercial

Front 32

What is the difference between negative political ads, attack ads and issue ads

Back 32

Negative political advertising – discredit an opposing candidate in the eyes of the voters

Attack ads – attacks the character of an opposing candidate

Issue ads – focuses on flaws in a opposing candidate’s position on a particular issue.

Front 33

Short documentary showing a presidential debate.

Back 33

Kennedy used his smooth talking on the tv to help him win the election (make up - better image) *beat niXon

Front 34

What type of things do networks do to increase viewership?

Back 34

a)Sex sells

b)Bad news is better than good news

c)TV shows imported from foreign countries

Front 35

What is Prior restraint?

Back 35

a government order to prohibit or censor a news story prior to publication or broadcast. This is unconstitutional unless the government can show the story/broadcast will harm national security

Front 36

What is the New York Times v. US (1971) case about?

Back 36

Pentagon papers showed the government lied about success in Vietnam

Front 37

What is the FCC and what does it regulate?

Back 37

Federal Communations Commission

Regulates interstate and international communication of radio, TV, wire, satellite and cable. Not print medium.

Front 38

What did Reno v. ACLU (1997) establish?

Back 38

The internet is a print medium and cannot be regulated by the FCC

Front 39

What did the Telecommunication Act of 1996 accomplish?

Back 39

a.)A widespread piece of legislation that was suppose to deliver more competition, more diversity in programming and ownership, and lower prices for consumers.

b.)What it did was to increase prices, created more media concentration and created less diversity.

c.)The media business is dominated by a handful of giant corporations that own radio and TV stations, newspapers, cable systems, movie studios, and concert venues.

Front 40

what were the four provisions of the Telecommunication Act of 1996

Back 40

a.Upped the limit on the number of radio stations one company can own. The cap was set to 40.

b.Upped the limit on the number of local TV stations one company can own. The cap was set at 12.

c.Deregulated cable rate. Between 1996 and 2006, those rates have increased by 50%

d.Eased cable-broadcast cross-ownership rules. (Now 90% of the top 50 cable stations are owned by the same parent companies that own the broadcast network.)

Front 41

What is the difference between media bias and political bias?

Back 41

Media bias: tendency to present unbalanced perspective so information favors one set of interests over another.

Political bias the tendency to favor one party (or ideology)

Front 42

Documentary with Bill Moyer

Back 42

Discussed how issue ads would indirectly use big events (911) to help sway opinion on other issues