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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
What is the discussion of the practical application of reason centered on one particular method that Islam scholars called_____?
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Qiyas
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What is the normative example of the Prophet?
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the Sunna
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Where can the definitive answers to moral and legal question be found?
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the Quran and the Sunna
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The process of seeking to understand God's law was called?
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fiqh
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Scholars who engaged in the process of seeking to understand God's law were called what?
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fuqaha
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What is the sum of all God's rulings on human actions?
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Sharia
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What are the schools of law termed as?
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madhhabs
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What were the four major groupings of Sunni legal scholars called?
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Hanafi
Maliki Shafii Hanabali |
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Which school of Islamic law was associated with the city of Kufa; allowing higher juristic flexibility through personal judgement;Abu Yusuf and al-Shaybani;Central Asia, Turkey, Cair, Nile Delta in Egypt, and Indian subcontinent
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Hanafi(Abu Hanifa)
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Which school of Islamic law was associated with acceptance of practice of the people of Medina;Muwatta, attributed to Malik;Mudawwana of Sahnun;North African, Upper Egypty
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Maliki(Malik ibn Anas)
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Which school of Islamic law was associated with Islamic legal theory, similar to Maliki law; Malaysia, Indonesia, southern Arabia, East Africa, and parts of Upper Egypt
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Shafi i
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Which school of Islamic law was associated with emphasis on hadith and sometimes considered a grouping of traditionists;Ibn Taymiyya;opposition to taqlid;insistence on going back to Quran and Sunna;official and dominant madhhab in Saudi Arabia
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Hanbali
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What is the office of judge handing down legal decisions called?
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qadi
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Recommended acts are called?
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mandub
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Discouraged acts are called?
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makruh
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Legal rulings or practical questions?
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fatwas
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Not an individual but a collective enterprise?
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Fiqh
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Consensus or community decisively in favor?
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Ijma
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Muslims could not all be wrong at the same time
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Branch of scholarship, the study of the roots of jurisprudence was called?
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Usul al-Fiqh
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What were the sources and principles of Islamic Law? 9
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Quran
Sunna Qiyas Ijma Ijithad Taqlid Istihan Istislah Darura |
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Sources or principle of Islamic law that is the basic source for knowledge of divine commands?
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Quran
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Sources or principle of Islamic law that is the most important material source of law; words and action of Mhmd.; contained and transmitted in hadith literature?
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Sunna
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Sources or principle of Islamic law that is a means of applying a known command from the two basic sources to a new circumstance by means of anlalogical reasoning;rationale of command is known;similar cases can be judged according to the same rationale
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Qiyas
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Sources or principle of Islamic law that is the consensus of Muslims on a point of law?
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Ijma
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Sources or principle of Islamic law that is the toil or effort by a scholar in seeking to discover the intent of the Lawgiver on a given point of law;not a source;reference to the process by which the law is elaborated
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Ijithad
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sometimes called Qiyas
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Jurists qualified to excercise ijtihad?
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mujtahid
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Sources or principle of Islamic law that is adherence to authoritative precedent;limited to application of established rulings;everyone not a genius?
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Taqlid
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Sources or principle of Islamic law that is the application of the jurist's personal judgement allowing him to depart from strict application of qiyas;defended by Hanafi;criticized by al-Shafii's
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Istihsan
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Sources or principle of Islamic law that is the overruling of strict application on the baisis of considerations of the public good?
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Istislah
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Sources or principle of Islamic law that is the pricnciple of necessity according to an established rule of law; suspended in dire circumstances?
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Darura
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Sources of Law?
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Usul al-Fiqh
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What is a method of conveying the Sunna; story that tells how the prophet recacted in certain situations?
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Hadith
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Chaining of authorities who authenticate hadith;gives series of lengths leading back to eyewitness reports?
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Isnad
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What was the biographical literature regarding people in Isnad called?
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Tabaqat Literature
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Persons having knowledge relating to religion?
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Ulama (Sing. Alim)
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Who was the author of the hadiths?
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Al-Bukhari
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Pre-Islamic Arabia mediator or judge helping or resolving a dispute?
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Hakam
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Consultant to judge, renders advice to judge?
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Mufti
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Rememberance, could involve repeated recitation of prayers; could have dance and music; ritual used by Suffis to detach themselves from material world;becoming more at one with God
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dhikr
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Suffi order?
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tariqa
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Leader of tariqa;spiritual guide?
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shaikh/pir/murshid
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Place to meet people of the order?
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Zawiyya
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Poor?
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faqir
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Brother?
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Ikhwan
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What is the reform for Islam by going back to early Islamic Principles termed?
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Salifiyya Movement
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Supervision by the Leauge of Nations, ensuring World War and Peace?
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Mandate System
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Period of administrative reform?
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Tanzimat Era
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