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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Umma
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community of faith
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jihad
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struggle (holy war)
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ilm
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knowledge
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Sharia
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"the way" to the will of God - Islamic Law
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Hadith/sunna
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reports of saying or deeds of prophet( contested)
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Ijma
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consensus of ulama
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ulama
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clergy
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qiyas
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reasoning of analogy
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iljhihad
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interpretation
declared "closed" in 11th century |
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urf
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"custom" (law)
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orthopraxy
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more of a practice than a believe
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jahilliya
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state of barbaric ignorance
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hijra
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flight. emigration
Muhammad's flight from Mecca to Medina |
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Dhimmi
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"protected but inferior"
state of Jews in Mecca |
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Caliph
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successor (to Muhammad)
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Ashura
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day of atonement and remembrance for Shii's. Marks day of remembrance of Muhammad's grandson Husayn, who was murdered in battle
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Tawhid
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God is one; unity
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Literalist Tendency
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belief that the Quran holds all scientific truth
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Mystical tendency
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Fundamentalist
Islamic science is concerned with questions of meaning and spirituality, not problem solving |
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Zia Sardar
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Main leader in Islamic science
Islamic science a problem solving practice |
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Istislah
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public interset
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Khilafa
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trusteeship
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Adl
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justice
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Islam
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submission
linked to the word for peace |
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Shahada
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1st Pillar
"to bear witness" There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is his Prophet |
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Salah
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2nd Pillar
prayer 5 times a day Must be pure (tahara) to be aloud to participate Frequency in remembrance of Allah Rules (direction, position, routine) |
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Zakat
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3rd pillar
Charity to the poor 2.5-10% of income underlines the importance of justice in Islam |
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Sawn
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4th pillar
fasting during month of Ramadan shows empathy for the poor |
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Haj
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5th pillar
pilgrimage to Mecca shows community |
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Shariah
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"the way" the way to the will of God
Islamic Law Islam is a religion of praxis hence the law is central central to Islamic political thoughts Islamist/Fundamentalist want to "restore" the Shriah |
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Sources of Shariah
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Al Shafi (10th century jurist)
1. Quran 2. Hadith/Sunna - reports of saying and deeds of the Prophet 3. Ijma: consensus of the ulama (clergy) 4. Qiya - reasoning by analogy Ijthas "interpretation" intellectual struggle |
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Shiism
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Follow the 12 imams
'imam' guide leader should be from the line of Ali 874 CE 12th imam 'disappeared' cultural ritualistic, audio-visual "Ashura"- defines shias and renews their bond to their faith and community "Husayn" - murdered in battle Inheritance: daughters Family:temporary marriage |
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Sunnis
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Leader: Elected
exemplary Muslims who could ably and virtuously direct the religious and political affairs of the community Direct prayer to God Inheritance: not to daughters Plain/more austere Family: No temporary marriag |
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Taqiyya
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Dissimulation
In times of persecution Muslims are able to conceal their faith |
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Sunnification of Shiism
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Shiism is reflected by Sunni beliefs because of the political power they have recently gained over Shiism,. Shiism rules becoming more legalistic.
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