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24 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Caliphs

Successors to Muhammad (Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, Ali)

Hadith

The sayings of Muhammad

Hajj

The pilgrimage to Mecca all muslims are supposed to make in their life

Hijrah

The pilgrimage Muhammad made that started Islam

Imam

Early successor to Muhammad, leader of Islam, special spiritual insight

imam

Leader of Muslim prayer

Islam

-To surrender or submit to God




-Rooted in biblical tradition


-Abraham religion (Christianity and Judaism)


-2nd largest world religion

Jihad

Struggle (personal spiritual, social expansion, armed) sometimes used as an excuse for violence

Ka'ba

Cube outside the Mosque in Mecca, birthplace of Muhammad

Mosque

Muslim place of prayer and worship

Qur'an

Islam's sacred text, given to Muhammad by the angel Gabriel on the night of power and excellence.

Ramadan

The month long period of fasting in the Muslim new year

Shahada

The confession of faith (There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah)

Shari'a

Law many Islamic countries are ruled by, entwines government and religion (Iran, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, etc)

Submission

Completely submitting to the will of God

Sunna

Muhammad's actions

Umma

The community of all Muslims around the world

Key events in the life of Muhammad

1. Birth at Mecca


2. Marries Khadija


3. The night of power and excellence


4. Hajj to spread word around

Five Pillars

1. Confession of Faith (Shahada)


2. Pilgrimage to Mecca (at least once in their life if they are able)


3. Giving to the poor (2.5% of income)


4. Prayer (5 times a day, facing Mecca)


5. Fasting (month of Ramadan)

Importance of Mecca

Birthplace of Muhammad, sacred Muslim-only space, presence of God, important life journey, they face it when they pray.

Islam understanding of God, the world and Humanity

God=The One God of many, Allah, genderless, no representations, 99 names


The World=Allah's creation, science helps us better understand it and become closer to Allah


Humanity=Essentially good, but forget goodness

Meaning and Misconception of Jihad

Jihad is the struggle


-Personal (spiritual struggle to submit to Allah)


-Social (struggle to expand the religion)


-Controversial (armed struggle, used as an excuse for violence but Qur'an only supports it in self defense)

Controversy with Women in Islam

Wearing the veil- western women see it as oppression, but many Muslim women see it as a symbol of their culture and a joy to submit to Allah


Polygamy- Not forced, historically for the good of the widowed wife, only okay if husband treats wives equally

Division between Shia and Sunni Muslims

Sunni's accepted all four Caliphs, believed Muhammad left the community as his successor.


Shi'i only accepted Ali as sucessor to keep family bloodline.




Still fighting over this today, divided.