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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Caliphs |
Successors to Muhammad (Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, Ali) |
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Hadith |
The sayings of Muhammad |
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Hajj |
The pilgrimage to Mecca all muslims are supposed to make in their life |
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Hijrah |
The pilgrimage Muhammad made that started Islam |
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Imam |
Early successor to Muhammad, leader of Islam, special spiritual insight |
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imam |
Leader of Muslim prayer |
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Islam |
-To surrender or submit to God -Rooted in biblical tradition -Abraham religion (Christianity and Judaism) -2nd largest world religion |
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Jihad |
Struggle (personal spiritual, social expansion, armed) sometimes used as an excuse for violence |
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Ka'ba |
Cube outside the Mosque in Mecca, birthplace of Muhammad |
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Mosque |
Muslim place of prayer and worship |
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Qur'an |
Islam's sacred text, given to Muhammad by the angel Gabriel on the night of power and excellence. |
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Ramadan |
The month long period of fasting in the Muslim new year |
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Shahada |
The confession of faith (There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah) |
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Shari'a |
Law many Islamic countries are ruled by, entwines government and religion (Iran, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, etc) |
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Submission |
Completely submitting to the will of God |
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Sunna |
Muhammad's actions |
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Umma |
The community of all Muslims around the world |
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Key events in the life of Muhammad |
1. Birth at Mecca 2. Marries Khadija 3. The night of power and excellence 4. Hajj to spread word around |
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Five Pillars |
1. Confession of Faith (Shahada) 2. Pilgrimage to Mecca (at least once in their life if they are able) 3. Giving to the poor (2.5% of income) 4. Prayer (5 times a day, facing Mecca) 5. Fasting (month of Ramadan) |
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Importance of Mecca |
Birthplace of Muhammad, sacred Muslim-only space, presence of God, important life journey, they face it when they pray. |
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Islam understanding of God, the world and Humanity |
God=The One God of many, Allah, genderless, no representations, 99 names The World=Allah's creation, science helps us better understand it and become closer to Allah Humanity=Essentially good, but forget goodness |
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Meaning and Misconception of Jihad |
Jihad is the struggle -Personal (spiritual struggle to submit to Allah) -Social (struggle to expand the religion) -Controversial (armed struggle, used as an excuse for violence but Qur'an only supports it in self defense) |
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Controversy with Women in Islam |
Wearing the veil- western women see it as oppression, but many Muslim women see it as a symbol of their culture and a joy to submit to Allah Polygamy- Not forced, historically for the good of the widowed wife, only okay if husband treats wives equally |
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Division between Shia and Sunni Muslims |
Sunni's accepted all four Caliphs, believed Muhammad left the community as his successor. Shi'i only accepted Ali as sucessor to keep family bloodline. Still fighting over this today, divided. |