Isg Level 1 - The Basics

Front 1

The origin of wine

Back 1

Transcaucasia (5000 - 6000 BC) which is present-day Georgia and Armenia

Front 2

Land of the Vine

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Onetra (Italy)

Front 3

Grapes will flourish in these parallels

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Between the 30 and 50

Front 4

What is veraison?

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the onset of ripening -- softening, color change, the step before harvest

Front 5

When does veraison happen in the northern hemisphere?

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late july, throughout august

Front 6

Veraison in the southern hemisphere

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late january, throughout february

Front 7

What is the correct temperature for wine storage?

Back 7

13 degrees Celsius, 55 degrees Fahrenheit

Front 8

What is the correct humidity for wine storage?

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75 - 80%

Front 9

If forced, would you rather bring up the humidity in your cellar or lower it from 75-80%

Back 9

bring it up

Front 10

What is the main purpose of Cabernet Franc in Bordeaux?

Back 10

It is a blending grape that ripens and buds early, so essentially it is a safety net. Otherwise it gives tannin to Merlot and acidity to Cabernet Sauvignon. It also adds aromatics to both.

Front 11

The system that is used in the production of sherry

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solera

Front 12

The two ways in which port is aged

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In oak or in a bottle

Front 13

Name the (6) basic levels of sweetness from driest to sweetest on French wine labels

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1.extra brut
2. brut
3. extra dry
4. sec
5. demi sec
6. doux

Front 14

What method of production is used in making cava?

Back 14

the traditional method (champenoise)

Front 15

What two items must be on every wine bottle by international law?

Back 15

1. volume
2. alcohol

Front 16

What is the appropriate temperature for serving a big, tannic red wine?

Back 16

18 degrees Celsius, 65 degrees farenheight

Front 17

What soil is Riesling grown in in Germany?

Back 17

slate

Front 18

What flowering tree is said to be part of the Pinot Gris flavor profile?

Back 18

orange blossom

Front 19

How are the aromatic features of Muscat maintained during fermentation?

Back 19

stainless steel

Front 20

What climate does Muscat enjoy the most?

Back 20

Mediterranean

Front 21

When did Phylloxera hit the scene?

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Arrived in the Rhone is the 1860's
Had devastated everything by the 1890's

Front 22

Year for France's wine laws

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1936

Front 23

Year for Spanish wine laws

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1971

Front 24

Year for Canadian wine laws

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1989

Front 25

Three basic climates for grape growing are

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1. Continental
2. Maritime
3. Mediterranean

Front 26

What type soil is best for Gamay?

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granite

Front 27

Dormancy begins at what temperature?

Back 27

10 degrees Celsius (50 degrees Fahrenheit)

Front 28

Name the life cycles of the vine in order

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1. dormancy
2. bud break
3. shoot grown
4. flowering
5. fruit set
6. veraison
7. harvest

Front 29

What is grafting?

Back 29

the melding of root stock, usually with one that is resistant to Phylloxera

Front 30

Is Canadian ice wine made with botrytis?

Back 30

No

Front 31

A type of fungal spore that causes downy mildew on grapes

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Peronospera

Front 32

A type of fungal spore that causer powdery mildew on grapes

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Oidium

Front 33

How many parts per million of sulfites does a wine need to be organic?

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< 100 parts per million

Front 34

What is Coulure?

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Hazard that causes a failure of grapes to develop after flowering. Triggered by periods of cold, cloudy, rainy weather or very high out-of-season temperatures. Fruits drops because flowers not pollinated.

Front 35

Which grape varieties are most susceptible to Coulure?

Back 35

1. Grenache
2. Malbec
3. Merlot
4. Muscat Ottonel

Front 36

What is Millerandage?

Back 36

abnormal fruit set
large and small berries in the same fruit set

Front 37

What is Remontage?

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Pump over - circulating wine from bottom to top (over the cap) during fermentation

Front 38

What is Pigeage?

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"Punch Down," pushing down the cap during fermentation.

Front 39

What is the word meaning 'to bleed', giving Rose' its color

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saignee

Front 40

Most of the world believes that ___% of one grape varietal means you can label it as that grape varietal

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85%

Front 41

Except for ___ who believe in the ____% rule

Back 41

California
75%

Front 42

Qualities that French Oak barrel can impart

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vanilla, toast, caramel

Front 43

Qualities that American oak may impart

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Coconut

Front 44

Chardonnay buds ____, ripens _____, has naturally _____ yields, and the potential to _____ a lot of sugar late in the season

Back 44

chardonnay buds early
ripens early
has naturally high yields
and the potential to build high levels of sugar late in the season

Front 45

Chardonnay prefers these types of soils

Back 45

limestone, chalky marl, sandstone
(calcareous soils)

Front 46

What grape is grown on the Right Bank of Bordeaux and what soil do they use?

Back 46

Merlot, clay

Front 47

What grape is grown on the Left Bank of Bordeaux? Grape and soil?

Back 47

Cabarnet sauvignon, gravel

Front 48

Which sub-regions are important ones for Chardonnay

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Pouilly-Fuisse, Mersault, Chablis

Front 49

The Côtes de Nuit is known for growing:

Back 49

Pinot Noir

Front 50

The Côtes de Beaunes is known for growing:

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Chardonnay

Front 51

Soil for growing Sauvignon Blanc in the Loire Valley is

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Tuffeau

Front 52

Sauvignon Blanc ripens ___ and buds ____

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ripens early and buds late

Front 53

Soil types for Sauvignon Blanc (5)

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1. Chalk
2. Gravel
3. Loam
4. Flint
5. Marl

Front 54

A barrique is a

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Small barrel made from French oak

Front 55

Terra Rossa a.k.a. "Red Earth" is the soil from:

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Coonawara

Front 56

Cabernet Sauvignon buds ___ and ripens ____

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buds late, ripens late

Front 57

The best soil types for Cabernet Sauvignon are

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gravel, well-drained alluvium, terra rossa limestone

Front 58

Cabernet Sauvignon needs soil that has:

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good drainage

Front 59

Important sub-regions in France for Cabernet Sauvignon (3)

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1. Margaux
2. Haut-Medoc
3. Paulliac

Front 60

Cabernet Sauvignon is the most-planted grape in which country?

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Bulgaria

Front 61

The best soil for Pinot Noir is

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limestone

Front 62

Pinot Noir is often made in Burgundy with this kind of wooden fermenter

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open topped

Front 63

Important sub-regions for Pinot Noir in Burgundy

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Clos Vougeout
Romanee Conti

Front 64

Important sub-regions for Pinot Noir in California

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1. Santa Barbera
2. Carneros
3. Russian River Valley

Front 65

Name the five main aromatic (white) varieties

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1. Chenic Blanc
2. Gewurtztraminer
3. Pinot gris
4. Riesling
5. Muscat

Front 66

Soil required for growing Riesling grapes

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slate, sandy loam
(poor heat-retaining soils)

Front 67

Name the two methods for making sweet wine

Back 67

1) arrested fermentation (either adding sulfur dioxide to arrest the development and leave residual sugar, or to shift the temperature to very cold while in the vats, so yeast dies)
2) back-blending with sweet reserve

Front 68

Name the two important German regions for riesling

Back 68

1) Mosel-Saar-Ruwer (recently renamed to just The Mosel)
2) Rheingau

Front 69

Which sub-region in Australia is known for Riesling

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Clare Valley

Front 70

Name two types of soil for Gewurtztraminer

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1) Deep, well-drained loam
2) clay

Front 71

in South Africa, Chenin Blanc is known as:

Back 71

Steen

Front 72

Which are the notable regions for Chenin Blanc in the Loire Valley

Back 72

Vouvray, Coteaux de Layon, Savennieres

Front 73

Name the different methods for making sparkling wine

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1. Traditional (Methode Champenoise)
2. transfer
3. tank (Charmat)
4. carbonation (injection)

Front 74

What is tirage?

Back 74

a mix of yeast and sugar

Front 75

Degorgement (disgorgement) removes

Back 75

Lees from neck of bottle

Front 76

What is dosage?

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to replace wine lost during disgorgement

Front 77

Which grapes are primarily used in the making of cava

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1. Macabeu
2. Parellada
3. Xarello

Front 78

Who invented the tank method and when?

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Eugene Charmat in the 1890's

Front 79

The tank or charmat method, is also known as

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Cuvee clos

Front 80

There is no _____ in the charmat/tank method

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Autolysis

Front 81

The charmat or tank method is used in the production of which sparkling wine?

Back 81

Prosecco

Front 82

What are other names for the carbonation method?

Back 82

Injection method
Pompe bicyclette
Coca-Cola method

Front 83

In the port method, when is the spirit added? (Before, during or after or fermentation?)

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During

Front 84

in the sherry method, when is the spirit added? (Before, during or after or fermentation?)

Back 84

After

Front 85

What soil is used in to grown grapes for port?

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Schist

Front 86

What prominent varietal is used in making a blend of port?

Back 86

Touriga Nacional

Front 87

What is Tempranillo often called in Portugal, specifically in the production of port?

Back 87

Tinto Roriz

Front 88

What are the names of the troughs used to stomp grapes in some places in Portugal?

Back 88

Logares

Front 89

Soil for the production of sherry

Back 89

Albariza

Front 90

Two types of sherry that contain flor

Back 90

Fino
Manzanilla

Front 91

Type of sherry that is fortified to kill off flor and purposely oxidized

Back 91

Olorosso

Front 92

Aged Fino sherry

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Amontillado

Front 93

What does "diurnal" mean?

Back 93

Hot during the day, cold at night

Front 94

Sangiovese has what two families?

Back 94

Piccolo
Grosso