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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What did Linnaeus present and what was the goal?
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-Systema Naturae
-bring some goal of order of known living things -classification on the basis of any convenient characteristics |
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What do we want to create today in order for classification of species?
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-phylogenetic systems where the placement of organisms in different categories reflect their revolutionary relationships
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What 2 organisms were classified by Linnaeus and are still today?
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-corn
-house fly |
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Cladistics
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-new approach of classification which represents a numerical aprroach to assesing relationships
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What do genus does the leopard, jaguar, tiger and lion represent?
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Panthera
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Comparative Anatomy
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*study of the structure of animal bodies
-Vestigial structures -Homologous structures |
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Vestigial structures
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-eatures of the body that may be fully functional in some animals, but which are present, typically in rudimentary form, with no known functions in others
-ex:tailbone in humans and snakes,tail bones are non-functional but are in snakes |
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Homologous structures
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-structures that, although they may have quite different functions and external form in different animals, are never the less constructed of essentially the same anatomical elements
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What did Linnaeus create?
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-binomial system of nomenclature
-artificial system for classifying organisms based on the degree of shared traits or characteristics |
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What are examples of sympatric speciation?
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-European Blackcap Warbler
-Blue Indigobird -Cuban Anolis species |
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What is an example of allopatric speciation?
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-tale of two squirrels, found on 2 different sides of Grand Canyon
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What are the reproductive isolating mechanisms?
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-eco-geographic isolation(ex:lions and tigers live in different locations)
-seasonal isolation -habitat isolation -behavorial isolation -mechanical isolation -post-reproductive isolation |
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Seasonal Isolation
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-implies time
-ex: rana species, breed at different times of the year |
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Habitat Isolation
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-where they breed
-ex:Bufospecific(toads) live in same places and breed at same time but they breed in different habitats |
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Behavorial Isolation
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-behavorials rituals, way they get
-ex:vocalization in birds |
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Mechanical Isolation
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-parts "don't" fit
-confrontation of sex organs |
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Post Reproductive Isolation
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-ex:horses and donkeys always breed mules, but mules can't breed with eachother
-ex:ligers and tigrons |
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How many species of Rubus (rasberry) in Eastern North America?
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-low estimate of 6
-high estimate of 30-40 -didn't have enough geographic separation,didn't go on long enough |
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What is punctual equilibrium?
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-just tested it
-doesn't evolve gradually,takes time for evolution -environment didn't change |
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Puncuated Equilbrium Events
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-with no change and lots of change of periods that happen
-gradualism |
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Gradualism
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-new species will arrive with the transformation of its descendents are modified through time
-takes time -involves large numbers -occurs over all of the species range |
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What did Hutton discover about Lyell's work?
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-realized Lyle was right about age of earth
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What were Darwin's 2 main problems?
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-time of age
-species problem *breakthrough was an animals competition against eachother which leads to natural selection |