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23 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What did Linnaeus present and what was the goal?
-Systema Naturae
-bring some goal of order of known living things
-classification on the basis of any convenient characteristics
What do we want to create today in order for classification of species?
-phylogenetic systems where the placement of organisms in different categories reflect their revolutionary relationships
What 2 organisms were classified by Linnaeus and are still today?
-corn
-house fly
Cladistics
-new approach of classification which represents a numerical aprroach to assesing relationships
What do genus does the leopard, jaguar, tiger and lion represent?
Panthera
Comparative Anatomy
*study of the structure of animal bodies
-Vestigial structures
-Homologous structures
Vestigial structures
-eatures of the body that may be fully functional in some animals, but which are present, typically in rudimentary form, with no known functions in others
-ex:tailbone in humans and snakes,tail bones are non-functional but are in snakes
Homologous structures
-structures that, although they may have quite different functions and external form in different animals, are never the less constructed of essentially the same anatomical elements
What did Linnaeus create?
-binomial system of nomenclature
-artificial system for classifying organisms based on the degree of shared traits or characteristics
What are examples of sympatric speciation?
-European Blackcap Warbler
-Blue Indigobird
-Cuban Anolis species
What is an example of allopatric speciation?
-tale of two squirrels, found on 2 different sides of Grand Canyon
What are the reproductive isolating mechanisms?
-eco-geographic isolation(ex:lions and tigers live in different locations)
-seasonal isolation
-habitat isolation
-behavorial isolation
-mechanical isolation
-post-reproductive isolation
Seasonal Isolation
-implies time
-ex: rana species, breed at different times of the year
Habitat Isolation
-where they breed
-ex:Bufospecific(toads) live in same places and breed at same time but they breed in different habitats
Behavorial Isolation
-behavorials rituals, way they get
-ex:vocalization in birds
Mechanical Isolation
-parts "don't" fit
-confrontation of sex organs
Post Reproductive Isolation
-ex:horses and donkeys always breed mules, but mules can't breed with eachother
-ex:ligers and tigrons
How many species of Rubus (rasberry) in Eastern North America?
-low estimate of 6
-high estimate of 30-40
-didn't have enough geographic separation,didn't go on long enough
What is punctual equilibrium?
-just tested it
-doesn't evolve gradually,takes time for evolution
-environment didn't change
Puncuated Equilbrium Events
-with no change and lots of change of periods that happen
-gradualism
Gradualism
-new species will arrive with the transformation of its descendents are modified through time
-takes time
-involves large numbers
-occurs over all of the species range
What did Hutton discover about Lyell's work?
-realized Lyle was right about age of earth
What were Darwin's 2 main problems?
-time of age
-species problem
*breakthrough was an animals competition against eachother which leads to natural selection