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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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RAND() |
generates a random DECIMAL # between 0-1(not including 0 and 1) |
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RANDBETWEEN(a,b) |
Generates random integer between a and b |
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Computers in 1950 |
Electronic Accounting Machine |
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Computers in 2000 |
PC era |
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Computer in 2010 |
Handheld mobile |
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CPU |
central processing unit= brain
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Memory |
white board, sketchpad |
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hard drive |
memory |
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Input Devices |
senses (mouse, keyboard, microphone) |
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Output devices |
monitor, speaker, printer = communication and expression |
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motherboard |
backbone |
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PSU |
power supply unit= digestive system |
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1 KB |
1000 B |
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1 MB |
1000 KB |
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1GB |
1000 MB |
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1TB |
1000GB |
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1PB |
1000 TB |
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1EB |
1000PB |
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1ZB |
1000 EB |
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1YB |
1000ZB |
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General Purpose Mainframe & minicomputer Era |
1959- present |
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PC Era |
1981 to present |
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Client Server Era |
1983 - present |
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Enterprise internet computer Era |
1992 to present merging digital firm electronic business |
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Cloud & mobile computing |
2000 to present |
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Grind Computing |
using all wasted energy to create a stronger signal. SETI search for extra terrestrial intelligence |
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Virtualization |
allows single physical resource to act as a multiple resources reduces hardware & power expenditures |
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LAN |
Local Area network 500 meters, half a mile, office or floor of a building |
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Can |
Campus Area network 1000 meters, a mile colleges or corporate facility |
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MAN |
Metropolitan Area Network a city or met. area |
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WAN |
Wide area network transcontinental or global area |
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Network Topologies |
Star, Bus, Ring |
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IP Adress |
Four segments each ranging from o to 255
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IP adress Problems |
hard to memorize non-intuitive |
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IP address Solution |
Domain Names (DNS) |
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Who controls domain names? |
ICANN |
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Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) |
32 bits or 4 Bytes (2^32) #s ranging from 0-255 #,#,#,# 4 billion addresses |
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Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) |
128 bits or 16 bytes (2^128) #s ranging from 0 to 65535 #,#,#,#,#,#,#,# quadrillion possible unique addresses |
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Packet Switching |
Messages are broken down into small bundles called packets |
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Packets Include |
message, origination, destination, errors checking, priority, type of service |
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TCP |
Transmission Control Protocol handles the movement of data between computers, establishes connection between computers, sequences the transfer of packets and acknowledges the packet sent. |
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IP |
Internet Protocol Responsible for delivery of packets includes the disassembly and reassembly of packets during transmission |
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TCP/IP |
is the communications protocol used by the internet and all internet devices |
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TCP/IP |
provides for breaking up digital messages into packets, routing them to the proper addresses, then reassembling them into coherent messages |
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What does TCP/IP use? |
a suit of protocols TCP and IP |
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Electromagnetic wave |
regular wave that oscillates with amplitude, wavelength, frequency and pahse |
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Electromagnetic Wave Virtues |
travels at speed of light needs no physical medium propagates in all directions delivers energy and power |
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Prime Spectrum |
Electromagnetic wave of 30Mhz to 3000Mhz |
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Virtues of Prime Spectrum |
Easily penetrates walls Slow attenuation |
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Who is in charge of allocating Prime Spectrum |
FCC= federal communications commission |
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CDMA |
Code division multiple Access owned by Qualcomm 5 out of 7 major carriers in US Device must be approve by carrier to join |
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GSM |
Global System for Mobile Communication Tmobile & ATT&T and rest of world open network plug and play devices |
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1G |
analog cellular network for voice communication |
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2G |
digital wireless networks, primarily for voice communication: limited capability |
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3G |
High speed mobile, supports video and rich media, always transmission for email, web browsing and instant messaging |
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4G |
packet switching, fastes best mobility support. Max speed: 100 Mbps- 1Gbps |
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Bluetooth IEEE |
IEEE 802.15 use for PAN |
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Wifi IEEE |
IEEE 802.11 use for LAN |
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Bluetooth |
link up to 8 devices in 10 meter area low power requirements replaces cables speed up to 25Mbps
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WiFI Strenghts |
convenient inexpensive compatible with many devices speed |
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WiFi weakness |
Security limited range, up to 230 feet indoor congestion |
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CIA Framework |
Confidentiality Integrity Availability
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Confidentiality |
improper disclosure of information |
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Integrity |
improper modification of data |
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Availability |
unauthorized denial of service to data |
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DOS |
denial of service attacking availability aspect of the system |
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DOS attacks |
crashing flooding |
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WiFi Vulnerabilities |
security challenges popularity of Wifi radio signals are directionless Service Set Identifiers (SSIDs) Wired Equivalent Privacy(WEP) vs Wifi protected access(WPA)
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