Ir Test #2

Front 1

intergovernmental organizations (IGOs

Back 1

institutions created and joined by states´ governments, which give them authority to make collective decisions to manage particular problem(s) on the global agenda.

Front 2

nongovernmental organizations (NGOs)

Back 2

transnational organizations of private citizens maintaining consultative status with the UN; they include professional associations, foundations, multinational corporations, or simply internationally active groups in different states joined together to work toward common interests.

Front 3

collective security

Back 3

a security regime agreed to by the great powers that set rules for keeping peace guided by the principle that an act of aggression by any state will be met by a collective response from the rest.

Front 4

Group of 77 (G-77)

Back 4

a coalition of the world´s poor countries formed in 1964 to press for concessions from wealthy Global North states (see. p. 211).

Front 5

transnational banks (TNBs)

Back 5

the globe´s top banking firms, whose financial activities are concentrated in transactions that cross state borders.

Front 6

nationalism

Back 6

a mindset glorifying a particular state and the nationality group living in it that sees the state´s national interests as a supreme value.

Front 7

indigenous peoples

Back 7

the native ethnic and cultural inhabitant populations within countries ruled by a government controlled by others, referred to as the ÒFourth World.Ó

Front 8

The thesis that in the twenty-first century a "clash of civilizations" would occur between the world's major civilizations was developed by whom?

Back 8

Samuel Huntington

Front 9

Business enterprises headquartered in one state that invest and operate extensively in other states are labeled:

Back 9

Multinational corporations

Front 10

Which of the following terms is used to describe the cooperation between multinational corporations and foreign companies in the same industry?

Back 10

Strategic corporate alliances

Front 11

laissez-faire economics

Back 11

the philosophical principle of free markets with little governmental regulation (see p. 309).

Front 12

Marxism-Leninism

Back 12

communist theory as derived from the writings of Karl Marx, Vladimir Lenin, and their successors, which criticizes capitalism as a cause of class struggle, the exploitation of workers, colonialism, and war.

Front 13

nonstate actors

Back 13

all transnationally active groups other than states, such as organizations whose members are states (IGOs) and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) whose members are individuals and private groups from more than one state.

Front 14

least developed of the less-developed countries (LLDCs)

Back 14

the most impoverished members of the Third World in the Global South.

Front 15

dependency theory

Back 15

a theory that less developed countries are exploited because global capitalism makes them dependent on the rich countries which create exploitative rules for trade and production.

Front 16

Nonaligned Movement (NAM)

Back 16

a group of more than one hundred newly independent, mostly less-developed states that joined together as a group of neutrals to avoid entanglement with the superpowers´ competing alliances in the Cold War and to advance the Global South´s common interests in economic cooperation and growth.

Front 17

foreign aid

Back 17

economic assistance in the form of loans and grants provided by a donor country to a recipient country for a variety of purposes.

Front 18

Laissez-faire economics is based on a philosophical belief in a compassionate alternative to liberal capitalism.

Back 18

False

Front 19

What role do multinational corporations play in the Global South? Will they help or hinder these nations' efforts to improve their economic situation?

Back 19

ESSAY QUESTION

Front 20

How have multinational corporations and other business-related organizations affected international relations and foreign policy?

Back 20

ESSAY QUESTION

Front 21

Human Development Index (HDI)

Back 21

an index that uses life expectancy, literacy, average number of years of schooling, and income to assess a country´s performance in providing for its people´s welfare and security.

Front 22

refugees

Back 22

people who flee for safety to another country because of a well-founded fear of persecution.

Front 23

irredentism

Back 23

efforts by an ethnonational or religious group to regain control of territory by force so that existing state boundaries will no longer separate the group.

Front 24

gender inequalities

Back 24

differences between men and women in opportunity and reward that are determined by the values that guide states´ foreign and domestic policies.

Front 25

The UN uses the Human Development Index to

Back 25

Demonstrate how well a country is providing for its people's welfare and security.

Front 26

What affects has globalization had upon human development?

Back 26

ESSAY QUESTION

Front 27

globalization

Back 27

according to the International Monetary Fund, Òthe increasingly close international integration of markets both for goods and services and for capitalÓ (see p. 45).

Front 28

underemployment

Back 28

a condition critics trace to trade globalization in which a large portion of the labor force only works part-time at low pay in occupations below their skill level.