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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the economically important pests for corn? (9)
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Black cutworm, fall armyworm, European corn borer, corn earworm, grasshoppers, wireworms, western/northern/southern corn rootworm
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Black cutworm
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Pest of corn. Larvae feed on foliage, clip off young plant and damage/kill it.
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Black cutworm management
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Plant early, foliar insecticides, Bt hybrids
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Fall armyworm
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Larvae feed on foliage near whorls, damage tassels and ears or create point of entry for disease
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Fall armyworm management
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Foliar insecticides, Bt hybrids
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European corn borer
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Larvae feed in corn stalks near whorls and ears, causes stalks to break or ears to drop off.
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European corn borer management
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Foliar insecticides, Bt hybrids
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Corn earworm
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Larvae feed on kernels, direct economic damage, point of entry for disease.
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Corn earworm management
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Foliar insecticides, Bt hybrids
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Grasshoppers
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Corn pest. All stages feed on all above ground parts of corn, usually not serious pest
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Grasshopper management
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Foliar insecticide, no Bt hybrid
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Wireworms
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Beetle larvae feed on seeds and young roots, destroy very young plants
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Wireworm treatment
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Neonicotinoid seed coats, soil insecticides
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Western/Southern/Northern corn rootworm
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Larvae feed on roots, reduce yield, causes stalks to lean, entry point for disease. Adults feed on silks, tassels, pollen, kernels, foliage. Silk feeding can disrupt pollination = immature kernals/reduced yield.
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Corn Rootworm management
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Crop rotation, Bt hybrids, soil insecticides, foliar insecticides (for adults)
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Which of the three corn rootworms doesn't respond well to Bt and is not a big economic pest of corn in this region?
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Southern corn rootworm
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What are the two types of refuge strategies?
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Structured refuge (small area of non Bt planted), seed blend refuge (non Bt seeds mixed in with bag of Bt seeds)
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Hanks' lab studies
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Native Cerambycids
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How are Cerambycids managed?
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Chemical ecology
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How are Cerambycids trapped for use in Hanks' lab?
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Panel traps. Sex pheromones, host plant volatiles, and aggregation pheromones to attract them
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Explain head space analysis of Cerambycid beetles
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Put beetle in jar, tube with air flow collects pheromone for 24 hours, elute with solvent, use gas chromotography to graph compounds
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Benefits of native Cerambycid species
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Nutrient cycling via breakdown of wood material and introduction of pathogens to tree, minor pollination
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When are soil insecticides applied? What does it do?
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Around time plant is planted. Controls species that eat seeds/young plants
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Seed treatment
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Sprayed with pesticide, color coded to know what's on it
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Bt corn
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Used on Sarah's site, corn plant injected with gene from Bt, protein targets specific insect species
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Crop rotation benefits and disadvantages
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Benefits: easy, don't have to worry about insecticide regulations, disrupts lifecycle. --- Disadvantages: economic, lower price for soy than corn
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Sarah's research
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Assumption: adults from refuge move into non-refuge to find mates, but is this true? Collect mating pairs, see if they are both BT/both non-refuge/or mix using gene check strips
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Benefits and disadvantages of high tunnel in regards to insects
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Moveable structure to allow for rotations, but microclimate can benefit pest species
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What are the biggest pests at the student sustainability farm?
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red peach aphid, white fly
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What is the biggest lettuce pest at student sustainability farm
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red peach aphid
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What is used to control insects at the student sustainability farm
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Bt and spinosed sprays (organic sprays), rotation, biocontrol, exclusion, pyrethrum
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What species are pests on the student sustainability farm?
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red peach aphid, white flies, cucumber beetles, thrips, tomato fruit worm, corn ear worm, cabbage worms
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How are corn ear worms monitored?
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female pheromone lure draws in males
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