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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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MOA of Cephalosporins
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cell wall inhibitors
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Spectrum of 1st generation Cephalosporins
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similar to Pen G; they are resistant to penicillinases/ B lactamases (Staph and Strep
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Spectrum of 2nd generation Cephalosporins
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weaker gram positive, but some gram negative and anaerobic activity (similar to B lactamase inhibitors)
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Spectrum of 3rd generation Cephalosporins
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enhanced gram negative activity, but inferior ti first generation agents against gram positive
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Spectrum of 4th generation Cephalosporins
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wide spectrum
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How do cephalosporins cause superinfections?
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can kill normal flora of the gut
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Overall side effect profile of cephalosporins
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generally well tolerated and have few major side effects
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Oral First Generation Cephalosporins
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Cephradine (Velosef), Cefadroxil (Duricef) and Cephalexin (Keflex)
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What are the injectable First generation Cephalosporins?
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Cefazolin (ancef and Kefzol)
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Spectrum of First Gen Cephalosporins
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like Pen G with resistance to penicillase
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For what do you use oral first generation Cephalosporins (Velosef, Duricef, Keflex)?
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skin/ skin structure infections (Staph aureus and Group A strep) and UTIs
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UTI
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1st gen Cephalosporins (Velosef, Duricef, Keflex)
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pre/post surgery involving abdomen
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Ancef and Kefzol
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What are the second generation Cephalosporin oral agents?
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Cefaclor (Ceclor), Cefprozil (Cefzil), and Cefuroxime (Ceftin)
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What are oral second generation Cephalosporins used for?
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resistant otitis media, alternate for CAP, pharyngitis, and cat bites
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What are the injectable Second generation Cephalosporins?
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Cefuroxime (Zinacef) and Cefoxitin (Mefoxin)
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What is Cefoxitin (Mefoxin used for?
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used in pre and post surgery cases involving the abdomen
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What is the injectable 3rd generation Cephalosporin?
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Ceftriazone (Rocephin)
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What STD is Rocephin used to treat?
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N. gonorrhea urethritis
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If using Rocephin Im, what can it be mixed with?
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lidocaine
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Rocephin can be used for these conditions
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resistant OM, meningitis, pharyngitis (gonococcal)
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What is the antipseudomonal cephalosporin?
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Ceftazidime (Fortaz)
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What are the third generation IV cephalosporins?
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Cefotaxime (Claforan) and Ceftazidime (Fortaz)
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What are the third generation IV cephalosporins used for?
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severe gram negative infections including meningitis, endocarditis, joint infections, and multiple other infections
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What is the fourth generation Cephalosporin?
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Cefepime (MAxipime)
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What is use for Cefepime?
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used as a empiric therapy in febrile neutropenia
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Mazimpime can also be used against what 3rd generation resistant strains such as (2)
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Enterobacter and citrobacter
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