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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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invertebrate
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animal that does not have a backbone, or vertebral column
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radial symmetry
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body plan in which body parts repeat around the center of the body; characteristic of sea anemones and sea stars
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bilateral symmetry
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body plan in which only a single, imaginary line can divide the body into two equal halves; characteristic of worms, arthropods, and chordates
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cephalization
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concentration of sense organs and nerve cells at the front of an animal's body
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spicule
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spike-shaped structure that makes up the skeletons of harder sponges; made of either calcium carbonate or silica
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larva
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immature stage of an organism that looks different from the adult form.
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gemmule
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group of archaeocytes surrounded by a tough layer of spicules; produced by some sponges
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polyp
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usually sessile stage of the life cycle of a cnidarian that has a cylindrical body with armlike tentacles
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medusa
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motile stage of the life cycle of a cnidarian that has a bell-shaped body
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hydrostatic skeleton
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layers of circular and longitudinal muscles, together with the water in the gastrovascular cavity, that ecable movement
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coelom
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fluid-filled body cavity lined with mesoderm
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hermaphrodite
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individual that has both male and female reproductive organs
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septum
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internal wall between the segments of an annelid's body
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seta
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bristle attached to the segments of many annelids
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crop
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in earthworms, part of the digestive system in which food can be stored; in birds, structure at the lower end of the esophagus in which food is stored and moistened
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gizzard
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in earthworms, part of the digestive system in which food is ground into smaller pieces; in birds, a muscular organ that helps in the mechanical break down of food
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mantle
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thin layer of tissue that covers most of a mollusk's body
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shell
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structure in mollusks make by glands in the mantle that secrete calcium carbonate
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radula
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tongue-shaped structure used for feeding by snails and slugs
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siphon
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tubelike structure through which water enters and leaves a mollusk's body
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exoskeleton
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external skeleton; tough external covering that protects and supports the body many invertebrates
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chitin
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complex carbohydrate that makes up the cell walls of fungi; also found in the external skeletons of arthropods
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appendage
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structure, such as a leg or antenna, that extends from the body wall
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spiracle
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small opening located along the side of the body through which air enters and leaves the body of many terrestrial arthropods
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book lung
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organ that has layers of respiratory tissue that is used by some terrestrial arthropods for the exchange of gases
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molting
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process in which an arthropod sheds its exoskeleton and manufactures a larger one to take its place
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incomplete metamorphosis
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type of insect development characterized by a similar appearance throughout all stagesof the life cycle
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complete metamorphosis
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type of insect development in which the larvae look and act nothing like their parents and also feed in completely different ways
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nymph
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immature form that lacks functional sex organs and other adult structures
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pupa
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stage of metamorphosis in which an insect changes from a larva into an adult
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society
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group of closely related animals of the same species that work together for the benefit of the group
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caste
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group of individual insects specialized to perform particular tasks, or roles
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pheromones
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specific chemical messenger that affects the behavior or development of other individuals of the same species
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endoskeleton
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structural support located inside the body of an animal
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tube feet
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suction-cuplike structure attached to radial canals of echinoderms; used to walk and to open shells
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