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40 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
what does "ARTHROPODA" mean?
having segmented feet
which is the largest of all phylum of animals?
Phylum Arthropoda
which phylum is characterized by having jointed, flexible appendages?
Phylum Arthropoda
what kind of skeletons to arthropods have?
an exoskeleton made out of chitin
what subclass are most marine arthropods included in? (ex Crabs, Shrimp, and Lobster)
Subclass Curstacea
how are crustaceans specialized for aquatic life?
1. Gills
2. chitin exoskeleton
copepods
most abundant zooplankton
-either holoplankton or parasitic on fish
amphipods
often live on algae
krill
planktonic shrimp-like crustaceans
-common in polar waters
-eaten by some whales
barnacles
sessile filter feeders
-internal fertilization
how long is a barnacle's penis?
6x the length of their body
what are decapods?
they are the largest group of crustaceans
-they have 10 legs
what are horseshoe crabs and what class are they in?
-they are the only surviving member of Class Merostomata
-they are 'living fossils'
where do horseshoe crabs live?
on soft bottoms in shallow waters on the atlantic and gulf coasts of north america & south east asia
what are sea spiders and where are they found?
-only superficially resemble true spiders
-they are common in cold waters but occur throughout the oceans
what phylum are "Bryozoans" part of?
Phylum Ectoprocta
what does ECTOPROCTA mean?
moss animals
what is the defining characteristic of Bryozoans?
-they live cooperatively in colonies
-they feed on small phytoplankton using a specialized structure called a lophophore
what are arrow worms?
they are the smallest animal Phyla
are arrow worms really worms?
no they are a plankton
what phylum are arrow worms in?
Chaetognatha
what do arrow worms eat?
small crustaceans
eggs/larvae of fish
other arrow worms
what does ECHINODERMATA mean?
'spiny skin'
what is a 'water vascular system' and what phylum is it found in?
-Echinoderms are the only ones who used this
-water-filled canals are used instead of blood in veins
do echinoderms have a head?
no they have oral and aboral surfaces
do echinoderms have an exoskelleton?
no they have an internal one
-it is secreted within tissues
what are tubefeet?
they are muscular extensions of canals, they usually also have suckers
how do echinoderms reproduce?
they can reproduce sexually & asexually (cut off a leg, the body will grow back in some species)
What are four important classes of Echinoderms?
1. Class Asteroidea
2. Class Ophiuroidea
3. Class Echinoidea
4. Class Holothuroidea
what animals are found in the Class Asteroidea?
sea stars
-skeleton is made up of separate plates to enhance flexibility
what animals are found in Class Ophiuroidea?
brittle stars
-arms are long and flexible allowing for better movement
-they are more fragile so they are found under rocks, corals etc
what animals are found in Class Echinoidea?
sea urchins, sand dollars, etc
-skeleton is rigid and round with movable spines
-they graze on algae
what animals are found in Class Holothuroidea?
sea cucumbers
-lack spines
what is the skeleton of a sea cucumber made out of?
tiny calcium carbonates spicules scattered in skin to help strengthen the body
what are hemichordates and what is their significance?
they are a small and infrequently seen group of worms
-they are important because they link chordates (our phylum) with other groups of animals
what does "CHORDATA" mean?
with a nerve cord
what are some distinguishing characteristics of chordates?
1. single, hollow, dorsal nerve cord (in humans = spinal cord)
2. gills or gill slits
3. notocord = flexible rod for support
what are tunicates?
-all are marine, most are called sea squirts
-tunicate means gelatinous covering
-they are filter feeders, often confused with sponges
what are lancelets and what is their significance?
they are a fish-like cordate
-the only thing that separates this animal from vertebrates is its lack of spinal cord
where does the octopus expert from the video work?
at a zoology station in Naples, Italy