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41 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Pylome
The hemispherical opening of the extracellular test
Chromoalveolate hypothesis
It is believed that an endosymbiosis with a red alga gave rise to a plastid ancestor for all of this group
alveoli
flatten, membrane bounded sacs or cavities that are just beneath the outer cell membrane
Cingulum

The deep equatorial cingulum of Ceratium accomadates the transverse flagellum



Sulcus

The less distinc sulcus of Ceratium contains the posterier, trailing flagellum

Spine

found on Ceratium, they help keep the organism at a certain level in the water column

apical complex
characteristic of apicomplexans, is contructed of microtubules and helps attach the parasite to the host cell and releases a substance that causes the host cell membrane to invaginate and draw the paracite into its cytoplasm
sporogeny
a part of the malaria life cycle in which the parasite increases its population in the mosquito
schizogony
a part of the malaria life cycle in which the parasite increases its population in the human host
-->the shizoint ruptures, releasing merozoites into the blood, the merozoites divide in new blood cells
gametogony

a part of the malaria life cycle that produces the gametes in the vertebrate host and once consumed by the mosquito combine to form the zygote


--> a mature gametocyte usually occupies the whole erythrocyte and has only one large, pink or dark red nucleus

pellicle
thin skin/cuticle
cytoproct
eventually the food vacuole arrives at the cytoproct located just posterior to the cytostome

stalk

found in Vorticella, attaches the bell-shaped body to the substratum, contains an array of longitudinal elastic fibrils in its periphery, its core is the spasmoneme

sasmoneme
the core of Voticella's stalk, a longitudinal bundle of contractile fibers, contraction of the sasmin fibers results in the rapid coiling of the stalk and the retraction of the cell body
macronucleus
an elongate rod bent more or less into a "C"
locule

-found in globigerina
-multiple calcareous chambers in shell
increasing size arranged in a spiral
-the largest bears the aperture

axopodia

-pseudopodia characteristic of radiolarans


-stiff due to core of microtubules--> functions the same way that the fibrillar material does in formineifera pseudopods


-directed flow of cytoplasm from tip of axopod and back

fusiform
the spindle-like shape of euglena
metaboly
the irregular changes in cell shape of euglena

phototaxic
organisms that orient themselves towards the light Ex. euglena
stigma
used in euglena's phototaxic behavior
located on one side of resevoir wall
contains pigments --> red to orange colour

contractile vacuole


osmoregulation


amoebas, paramecium, euglena

cytostome

permanent mount of ciliates (ex. paramecium)


occupies a fix location and creates food vaculoles

tricocyst

a part of the complex pellicle in ciliates


discharged from the surface for defence or to assist in prey capture

kinety
rows of cilia on paramecium
pyrenoid

associated with the chloroplasts in euglena



zooid

collection of poylps


appear in various types--> feeding gastrozooids, reporductive gonozoods, and defensize dactyle zooids



stolon

creeping, rootlike, lies on the surface of a firm substratum


serves as an anchor for the entire colony



gastrozooid
responsible for feeding, which they acomplish by capturing and ingesting zooplankton
gonozooid
reproductive and produce medusae by asexual reproduction
periderm
a transperent, chitinous exoskeleton that encloses the stems, stolons, and polyps
medusa bud
in mature gonozooids, the surface of the blatostyles bears small medusa buds which are produce asexually
battery
the clusters of cnidocyes (on tentacles)

tetramerous
4 part radial symmetry with most structures occuring in fours or multiples of fours
pneumatophore

gas-filled (float) composed of a modified medusoid morph


the bubble part of the portuguese man-of-war

dactylzooid
tentacular mouthless zooid in certain hydrozoans that performs tactile and protective functions for the colony.

gonopore
medusa buds that never detach to become free swimming

colloblast
sticky cells unique to ctenophores used to capture prey
comb row

one of 8 rows of fused cilia on comb jellies used for locomotion


cilia also involved in sensory reception and some function in a mechanical communication system

apical sense organ

a small sport at the aboral end


it is a center for gravity detection and control of the comb rows