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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sensory structures of platyhelminthes |
Tangoreceptors Chemoreceptors Rheoreceptors Statocyst Ocellus |
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Phylogeny of platyhelminthes |
Syncytial Theory (abandoned) Ctenophore-Polyclad Theory (no longer popular) Hypothetical Turbellarian Archetypes 2 Present ideas of origin: - Aceolomate condition is primitive within triploblastic animals - Coincidental origin of coelom, spiral cleavage, and mesoderm
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Regeneration of platyhelminthes |
Complete development in anterior pieces Epimorphosis Morphallaxis - dedifferentiation - redifferentiation |
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Characteristics of nematoda |
Fluid-filled pseudocoelom Long, cylindrical shape Amphids Triradiate mouth Diecious
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Ascaris life cycle |
Adults in intestines > eggs > passed in feces > ingestion of egg from soil > hatch in gut |
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Enterobius life cycle |
Impregnated female > zygotes released on host > eggs mature to infective state > eggs enter new host by ingestion > hatch in intestine > larva mature > In gut |
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Necator Life cycle |
Egg develops in soil > Rhabditiform larva hatches > larva molts > infective larva penetrates human skin > larva enters circulatory system > heart > lungs > trachea > esophagus, swallowed > matures in intestine > fertilized eggs released in feces |
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Trichinella life cycle |
Encysted trichinella larva > raw, undercooked meat consumed > larva freed from cyst in host's gut > adult worms mate > impregnated worms embed in intestinal wall > larvae released and enter lymph or blood > larva go to skeletal muscle and encyst |
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Rotifer feeding methods |
Filter feeding Grasping Carnivores - forcep-like trophi Trapping carnivores - coronal funnel
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Rotifer reproduction |
Marked sexual dimorphism Parthenogenesis (female) Egg Types: - Amictic (diploid) - Mictic (haploid) |
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Characteristics of Annelida |
Segmentation First unjointed appendages Cuticle with bristles Well-developed muscles (circular, longitudinal) First respiratory organs |
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Characteristics of Archiannelida |
Primitive, not degenerative Internally segmented No parapodia or setae Dioecious Marine |
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Characteristics of Oligochaeta |
Completely segmented No parapodia Setae Monocious Terrestrial, Freshwater
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Characteristics of Hirudinea |
No larva 34 segments No parapodia, setae, head Monocious Moist terrestrial, freshwater |
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Characteristics of Polychaeta |
Fully segmented Parapodia and large number of setae Distinct head Dioecious Marine |
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Gonocoeal theory - Goodrich |
Coelomoduct - mesodermal ectovagination Protonephridia - ectodermal invagination Nephromixium protonephrodium metanephrodium mixanephrodium |
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Nutrition of Annelida |
Errant raptorial feeders Sessile raptorial feeders Omnivorous Filter feeders (sedentary forms) Deposit feeders (selective and nonselective) |
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Theories of segmentation |
Fission - Perrier - Binary fission without seperation - Disproven Psuedometamerism - Hyman - Assumes bilateral organs arranged along midline - Accepted Locomotory Metamerism - Hyman - Assumes breaking of organs due to muscular segmentation - Accepted Enterocoel - cyclomerism - Was not accepted, too many complications Burrowing theory - Metamerism evolved as adaptation for locomotion |
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Dracunculus life cycle |
1) Transmission by water containing crustacean intermediate host 2) Live under skin-ulcer producing secretion 3) Female protrudes through ulcer and releases larva into water 4) female coils around stick |
