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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the 3 divisions of the cranium.
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1. Neurocranium = braincase
2. Viscerocranium = midface 3. Mandible. |
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What are the major openings into the skull?
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1. orbit
2. Piriform aperture (nasal cavity) 3. External auditory meatus 4. Zygomatic arch from inferior 5. Choanae (bordered by medial and laterl pterygoid plates) |
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How many bones make up the skull? Paired vs. unpaired. Name them.
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22 bones: 8 paired and 6 unpaired.
Paired Unpaired Parietals Occipital Temporals Sphenoid Lacrimals Frontal Nasals Ethmoid Inferior nasal conchae Vomer Maxillae Mandible Palatines Zygomatics |
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What re the 3 regions of the cranial base?
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1. Anterior cranial fossa
2. middle cranial fossa 3. Posterior cranial fossa |
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What are the major landmarks of the mandible?
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1. Body
2. Angle 3. Ramus 4. Condylar and coronoid processes |
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What are the major divisions of the Skull?
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1. neurocranium = braincase
2. viscerocranium = midface 3. Mandible |
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What are the major regions of the cranial base?
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1. Anterior cranial fossa
2. middle cranial fossa 3. Posterior cranial fossa |
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What is the nasal septum?
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The vomer bone and associated cartilage
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What are the major landmarks of the mandible?
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1. Body
2. Angle 3. Ramus 4. Condylar and coronoid processes |
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What are the major parts of the temporal bone
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1. Tympanic
2. Squamous 3. Petrous 4. Styloid and mastoid processes |
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What are the major portions of the ethmoid bone?
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1. perpendicular plate
2. Cribriform plate 3. orbital plate 4. superior and middle nasal conchae |
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The mandible has a canal and a foramen. Name them.
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1. Mandibular canal
2. Mental foramen |
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The boundary of the petrous and squamous portions of the temporal bone internally forms a groove for which nerve?
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Petrosal N.
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Between the tympanic and squamous portions of the temporal bone forms a fissure called?
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squamotympanic fissure
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The lesser wing forms the roof over which fissure?
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Superior orbital fissure.
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What are the borders of the superior orbital fissure?
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Lesser wing superiorly
Greaterwing laterally and inferiorly Sphenoid body medially. |
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The tip of the medial pterygoid plate is called what?
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The hamulus
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Which nasal conchae are part of the ethmoid bone?
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Superior and middle nasal conchae.
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Protruding superiorly from the cribriform plate is what structure?
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Crista galli
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What is the mnemonic for the layers of the scalp?
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SCALP:
From superficial to deep: Skin Connective tissue Aponeurosis Loose areolar tissue Pericranium |
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What are the main sutures of the skull?
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1. coronal
2. sagital 3. lambdoid 4. parietosquamous 5. frontosphenoidal 6. spenosquamous 7. Zygomaticotemporal 8. zygomaticomaxillary 9. parietomastoid 10. occipitomastoid 11. Cruciate suture (intermaxillary, maxillary-palatine and interpalatine) |
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The asterior is where which bones come together?
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Parietal, squamous temporal and occipital bones.
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Which 4 bones make up the pterion?
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Parietal, frontal, sphenoid and squamous temporal
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What is the bone sometimes found floating near asterion within the lambdoid suture?
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Wormian bone
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What is another name for the external occipital protuberance?
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Inion
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The landmark name for where the sagital and lambdoid sutures meet?
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Lambda
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What are the nuchal lines? Lecture question
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neck muscle origination sites.
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What is the name of the coronal and sagital suture intersection?
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Bregma
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Anterior to the foramen magnum and basion is a "bump" called what?
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Pharyngeal tubercle.
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What are the anterior and posterior landmarks of the foramen magnum?
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Anterior = basion
posterior = opisthion |
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What is the clivus?
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The clivus is a posteroinferior sloped region from the sella turcica to the foramen magnum.
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The lesser wing of the sphenoid bone has a protruding structure inferiorly. What is this called?
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Anterior clinoid process
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The sella turcica has a lateral protruding structure called?
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Posterior clinoid process
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What are the 3 openings from the eye to the internal skull?
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1. Optic canal
2. Superior orbital fissure 3. inferior orbital fissure |
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Which cranial nerves are motor, sensory or both?
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Some Say Marry Money, But My Brother Says Big Breasts Matter More
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What's the mnemonic so you don't confuse CN1 and CN2?
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You have I nose. You have II eyes. (I - Olfactory; II -- Optic)
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What's the mnemonic for trigeminal nerve exit sites?
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Standing Room Only -Exit of branches of trigeminal nerve from the skull S
V1 -Superior orbital fissure, V2 -foramen Rotundum, V3 -foramen Ovale |
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Which nerves pass through the superior orbital fissure? And what's the order?
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For the order of nerves that pass through the superior orbital fissure:
"Lazy French Tarts Lie Naked in Anticipation." (Lacrimal, Frontal, Trochlear, Lateral, Nosociliary, Internal, Abducens) |
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What are the 4 muscles of mastication?
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4 Muscles of Mastication MTPP ( which could be read as "Empty Peepee") -masseter, temporal, lateral and medial pterygoids --
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What are the arteries as they come off the external carotid?
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Superior thyroid, Ascending pharyngeal, Lingual, Facial, Occipital, Post Auricular, Superficial temporal, Maxillary
Some Angry Lady Figured out PMS |
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What is the innervation of the extraocular muscles?
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LR6 SO4 3
LR6--Lateral rectus--> VI abductens SO4--Superior Oblique--> IV Trochlear 3--The remaining 4 eyeball movers = III Oculomotor |
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What are the 6 main cranial bones?
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PEST OF 6...
Parietal, ethmoid, Sphenoid,Temporal, Occipital,Frontal |
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What are the 5 branches of the facial nerve?
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To Zanzibar By Motor Car
Temporal, zygomatic, bucal, marginal mandibular, cervical |
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What exits out the optical canal?
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The CN2 and ophthalmic artery.
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What exits out the supraorbital foramen?
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Supraorbital nerve and vessels
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What exits out the superior orbital fissure?
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CN3, CN4, CNV1, CN6, superior and inferior opthalmic veins
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What exits the inferior orbital fissure?
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infraorbital nerve, zygomatic nerve and inferior ophthalmic v
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What exits the nasolacrimal canal?
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Nasolacrimal duct
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What exits the zygomaticofacial foramen?
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zygomaticofacial nerve and vessels
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What zygomaticotemporal foramen?
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Zygomaticotemporal NAV
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What exits the infraorbital foramen?
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Infraorbital NAV
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What is the canal below the occipital condyle?
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Condylar canal
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What is the foramen inferomedial to the mastoid process?
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Mastoid foramen
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What is the foramen between the mastoid and styloid process?
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stylomastoid foramen
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Just medial to the styloid process are two exits from the skull, what are they?
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carotid canal anteriorly and jugular foramen posteriorly.
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Just anterior to the carotid canal are two foramen within the greater wing of the sphenoid bone, what are they?
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Foramen spinosum and foramen ovale.
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What are the holes from the maxilla posterior to the medial incisers?
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Incisive fossa and foramina
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What is the canal medial to the jugular foramen and just anterior to the occipital condyle?
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Hypoglossal canal
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The tip most posterior tip of the medial pterygoid process points to which foramen?
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Foramen lacerum
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The nasopalatine nerve and sphenopalatine vessles exit which foramen from the nasal cavity to the oral cavity?
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Incisive foramina
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The greater and lesser palatine NN exit the greater and lesser palatine foramina from where to where?
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From the palatine canal to the oral cavity
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Which nerves exits the foramen ovale?
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V3 and the lesser petroal n go from the middle cranial fossa to the base of the skull.
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What traverses the foramen spinosum?
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Middle meningeal artery
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What traverses the carotid canal?
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Internal carotid and sympathetic plexus
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The facial nerve traverses which foramen?
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stylomastoid foramen
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The jugular foramen allows passage of what soft tissue structures?
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Internal jugular vein, inferior petrosal sinus, CNIX, CNX and CNXI
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The hypoglossal canal allows passage of what nerve?
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CNXII
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What traverses through the mastoid foramen?
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Emissary vv
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What traverses the condylar canal?
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Emissary vv
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What is the only foramen filled with cartilage?
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Foramen lacerum
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The maxillary nerve passes through what passage?
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foramen rotundum
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What are the major foramen allowing passage of emissary veins?
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1. Foramen cecum
2. parietal foramina 3. condylar canal 4. mastoid foramen |
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What are the parts of the temporal bone?
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Squamous, tympanic (in auditory acoustic meatus), styloid, petrous and mastoid portions
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What bone makes up the major portion of the nasal cavity?
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Ethmoid bone.
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The superior and middle nasal conchae are derived from what bone?
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Ethmoid bone
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The nasion is formed from what two bones?
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Nasal and frontal bones
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The lateral borders of the posterior nasal spine are from what bone?
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Sphenoid bone.
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What is the function of the nasolacrimal canal?
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Nasolacrimal canal takes allows tears to ome out into the orbit.
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What are the 3 foramen associated with the sphenoid bone?
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Foramen ovale, foramen spinosum and foramen lacerum.
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What is the only foramen in life that is filled with cartilage?
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Foramen lacerum.
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Stick pipe clearner through the carotid canal to observe path.
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..
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What are the exits of the skull associated with the posterior cranial fossa?
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Foramen magnum, internal acoustic meatus.... look up all of them
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