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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the definition of Industrial/Organizational Psychology?
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The scientific study of the workplace, applying rigor, methods, & theoretical underpinnings of psychology.
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What is the Scientist/Practitioner Model?
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The approach that emphasizes both research and application to real-world issues & problems.
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What does the "Industrial" in I/O psychology mean?
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(Micro-organization)
Recruitment Selection Classification Compensation Performance Appraisal Training |
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What does the "Organizational" in I/O psychology mean?
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(Macro-organization)
Socialization Motivation Occupational Health Leadership Teams Organizational Development |
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I/O psychologists are divided into what two categories?
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Academic
AND Applied (Business and Consulting) |
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What are some examples of what I/O psychologists do?
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Write job descriptions so that employees and managers are clear about job responsibilities
Create performance appraisal systems to assess how workers are doing on the job Develop training programs to help workers learn and improve on the job. |
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What are the three most frequent answers to questions in I/O psychology?
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(1) It depends
(2) Job analysis (3) Money |
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What are the EARLIEST origins of I/O psychology?
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Chinese Civil Servants Exam
2500 BC |
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What was the Chinese Civil Servants Exam?
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A selection system which involved multiple hurdles at the local, provincial, and federal level.
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Fredrick W. Taylor was...
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Founder of scientific management
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What is scientific management?
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The use of scientific principles to improve individual performance.
(1) using science over rule of thumb (2) scientific selection and training (3) cooperation over individualism (4) separation between management and employees (management designs work, employees complete work) |
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Lillian M. Gilbreth was...
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> the individual to receive the 1st PhD in I/O psychology
> interested in ergonomics (the study of how systems and products can be made most efficient for human use) > conducted the Time-and-Motion study |
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What was the Time-and-Motion study?
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A study conducted by Lillian Gilbreth to determine the most efficient method for bricklaying.
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Hugo Musterberg was...
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considered to be the founder of industrial psychology.
> A professor at Harvard > wrote Psychology and Industrial Efficiency (Best Possible Man, Work, and Effect) |
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Walter Dill Scott was...
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a scientist practitioner and founder of The Scott Company, the first consulting company for business organized by a psychologist.
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What was the Scott Company?
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A consulting company focused on advertising and improving worker efficiency.
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What was the Psychological Corporation?
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(founded around the same time as the Scott Company)
A company founded by Cattell which was involved in developing testing services. > clearinghouse for information on applicants (used for reference checks) |
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Robert Yerkes was...
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> head of the APA during WWI
> developed the Army Alpha and Beta (administered to 1.7 million recruits) |
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W. Bingham was...
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> worked on personnel system for the army
> job placement testing for job performance |
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The Journal of Applied Psychology was...
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> founded by G. S. Hall
> oldest journal for I/O psychology |
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What were the Hawthorne studies?
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> the single most influential event in the history of I/O psychology
> studied the effects of lighting on performance > conducted by researchers at Harvard > displayed the effect caused by the novelty of a stimulus or situation (employees felt valued) |
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What occurred in I/O psychology during WWII and after?
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> Army General Classification Test (AGCT)
> OSS (precursor of CIA) assessment program > I/O psychology was applied in civilian life (more graduate training, industry uses) > Clear separation between topics of I & O |
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What effect did the civil rights movement have on I/O psychology?
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The Civil Rights Act of 1964 addressed discrimination in employment settings, leading to I/O psychologist being answerable to their profession and the government.
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Morris Viteles was...
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> responsible for compiling information on organizational psychology (Motivation and Morale in Industry)
> after WWI and WWII developed industrial psychology, Viteles helped organizational psychology gain equal footing > emphasized the Human Relations perspective |
