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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Allele |
Alternative forms of a gene for each variation of a trait of an organism |
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Dominant |
Observed trait of an organism that masks the recessive form of a trait. |
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Fertilization |
Fusion of male and female gametes |
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Gamete |
Male and female sex cells,sperm and eggs |
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Genetics |
Branch of biology that studies heredity. |
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Genotype |
combination of genes in an organism |
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Heredity |
Passing on of characteristics from parents to offspring. |
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Heterozygous |
When there are two different alleles for a trait |
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Homozygous |
When there are two identical alleles for a trait |
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Hybrid |
Offspring formed by parents having different forms of a trait |
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Phenotype |
Outward appearance of an organism regardless of its gene |
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Pollination |
From male reproductive organs to female reproductive organs of plants,usually within the same species . |
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Recessive |
Trait of an organism that can be masked by the dominant form of a trait. |
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Trait |
Characteristics that is inherited can be either dominant of recessive |
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Zygote |
Diploid cell formed when a sperm fertilizes an egg |
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Crossing over |
Exchange of genetic material between consisted chromatids from homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis ,results in New allele combinations |
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Diploid |
Cell with two of each kind of chromosomes ,is said to contain a diploid ,or 2n ,number of chromosomes |
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Egg |
Haploid female sex cell produced by meiosis |
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Haploid |
Cell with one of each kind of chromosomes ,is said to contain a Haploid or n,number of chromosomes . |
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Meiosis |
Type of cell division where one body cell produced 4 gametes ,each containing half the number of chromosomes as a parents body cell |
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Law of independent assortment |
Mendelian principle staring that genes for different traits are inherited independently of each other. |
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Law of segregation |
Mendelian principle explaining that because each plant has 2 different alleles,it can produce two different types of gametes.during fertilization ,male and female gametes randomly pair to produce four combinations of alleles. |
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Mitosis |
Period of nuclear cell division in which two daughter cells are formed, each containing a complete set of chromosomes |