Introduction To Eukaryotic Gene Regulation (Pages 298-300)

Front 1

The expression of different genes by cells with the same genome

Back 1

differential gene expression

Front 2

Two means of chromatin modification involved in eukaryotic gene regulation

Back 2

histone acetylation and DNA methylation

Front 3

Histone acetylation opens up the chromatin structure, ____________________ transcription

Back 3

promoting

Front 4

DNA methylation causes DNA to bind histone proteins more tightly, closing up the DNA structure and ___________________ transcription

Back 4

inhibiting

Front 5

True or False: the inactivation of particular genes by DNA methylation can be passed through inheritance from parent to offspring

Back 5

True: because DNA methylation is carried out immediately following DNA replication, the methylated DNA can be passed on through inheritance

Front 6

Inheritance of traits transmitted by mechanisms not directly involving changes to nucleotide sequence is called __________________ inheritance.

Back 6

Epigenetic

Front 7

Segments of noncoding eukaryotic DNA to which transcription factors bind to regulate transcription are called __________________ elements

Back 7

control

Front 8

Transcription factors necessary for the transcription of all protein coding genes are called ___________________ transcription factors

Back 8

general

Front 9

Transcription factors necessary for limiting transcription of certain protein coding genes to specific time and/or cell type are called ___________________ transcription factors

Back 9

specific

Front 10

_____________________ control elements are those that are physically close to the promoter

Back 10

proximal

Front 11

____________________ control elements are those that are physically distant from the promoter

Back 11

distal

Front 12

Noncoding regions of DNA that can be thousands of nucleotides away from the promoter that they regulate

Back 12

enhancer

Front 13

Proteins that bind to enhancer DNA and have a positive effect on transcription of a particular gene

Back 13

activator proteins

Front 14

Proteins that bring an enhancer DNA sequence, with its bound activator proteins, to the promoter upon which the enhancer acts

Back 14

mediator proteins