Introducing Psychology Chapter 1

Front 1

psychology

Back 1

greek: psych-soul
logos=to study
study of mind & behavior

Front 2

mind

Back 2

our private innner experience of perception, thoughts, memories & feelings

Front 3

behavior

Back 3

observable actions of human beings and non human animals

Front 4

nativism

Back 4

the philosophical view that certain kinds of knowlege are innate or inborn

Front 5

philosophical empiricism

Back 5

the philosophical view that lal knowedge is acquired through experience

Front 6

phrenology

Back 6

a now defunct theory that specific mental abilities & characteristics,from memory to happiness, are localized in specific regions of the brain

Front 7

physiology

Back 7

the study of biological process, especially in the body

Front 8

stimulus

Back 8

sensory input from the envirnment

Front 9

reaction time

Back 9

amount of time taken to respond to a specific stimulus

Front 10

consciousness

Back 10

a person's subjective experience of the world and mind

Front 11

structuralism

Back 11

the analysis of the basic elements that constitute the minds

Front 12

introspection

Back 12

the subjective observation of one's own experience

Front 13

functionalism

Back 13

the study of the purpose mental processes serve in enabling people to adapt to their environment

Front 14

natural selection

Back 14

Darwin's theory that the features of an organism that help it survive & reproduce are more likely than other features to be passed on to subsequent generations

Front 15

Gestalt psychology

Back 15

a psychological approach that emphasizes that we often perceive the whole rather than the sum of the parts

Front 16

hysteria

Back 16

a temporary loss of cognitive or motor functions, usually as a result of emotionally upsetting experience

Front 17

unconscious

Back 17

the part of the mind that operates outside of conscious awareness but influences conscious thoughts, feeling and actions

Front 18

psychoanalytic threory

Back 18

Sigmund Freuds approach to understanding human behavior that empasizes the importance of unconscious mental processes in shaping feelings, thoughts & behavior

Front 19

psychoanalysis

Back 19

a therapeutic approach that focuses on bringing unconscious material into conscious awareness to better understand disorders

Front 20

humanistic phychology

Back 20

approach to understanding human nature that empasizes the positive protential of human beings

Front 21

behaviorism

Back 21

approach that advocates that psychologist restrict themselves to the scientific study of objectively observable behavior

Front 22

behavioral neuroscience

Back 22

approach to psychology that links psychological process to activities in the nervous system and other bodily processes

Front 23

cognative neuroscience

Back 23

field that attempts to understand the links between cognitive processes and brain activity

Front 24

evolutionary psychology

Back 24

psychological approach that explains mind and behavior in terms of the adaptive value of abilites that are preserved over time by natural selection

Front 25

social psychology

Back 25

a subfield of psychology that studies the causes and consequences of interpersonal behavior

Front 26

cultural psychology

Back 26

the study of how cultures reflect and shape the psychological processes of their members