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68 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Study of animals

Zoology

An understanding of the evolutionary process explains the family relationship among animals and how the great variety of animals arose.

Zoology

Wise man or knowing man

Humans

Is a collection of properties that help to distinguish living from nonliving things

Life

What are the components of life

Organization


Cellular composition


Biochemical unity


Metabolism


Excitability


Homeostasis


Growth


Development


Reproduction


Evolution

Living things exhibit a far higher level of organization.

Organization

Living matter is always compartmentalized into basic functional components called cells which could be one or more.

Cellular composition

All living things have a universal chemical composition that includes DNA, proteins , lipids and carbohydrates

Biochemical unity

Living things take in molecules from environments and chemically change th into molecules that form their own structure, control their physiology or provide energy

Metabolism

The ability of organism to sense and react to stimuli

Excitability

This is the tendency for the internal conditions of the humans body to remain stable in spite for the change ls in the environment around the organism

Homeostasis

This growth of the body occurs through chemical change.

Growth

This refers to any change in form or function over the lifetime of the organism

Development

Produce copies of themselves at some point in their life cycled thus passing their genes

Reproduction

All living species exhibits generic change from generation and therefore evolve

Evolution

This is the smallest component of an element that had the chemical properties of an element

Atoms

These are group of atoms that are chemically bonded together which serves as the fundamental and structural component of an organism

Molecules

The basic structural component of life derived from the association of molecules

Cells

These are group of cells of the same type that contribute a specific function of a particular structure.

Tissue

These are group of tissues that associate with each other to give a unified function of a particular structure.

Organs

These are organs that associate to produce a defined function of an organism

System

This refers to a living thing which possesess set of characteristics that defines life.

Organism

These are group of organisms of the same species that occupy the same environment.

Population

This refers to the assemblage of population of different species.

Community

This refers to the environment where living organisms interact with nonliving organisms in order to survive.

Ecosystem

These includes all places on wart where living organisms exist encompassing the air,water and land

Biosphere

Organization of life

Atoms molecules cells


Tissues organs system organism population community ecosystem biosphere

Methods of classification

Taxonomy


Systematics

Concerned with theory, practice and rules of classifying living and extinct organism( characteristics)

Taxonomy

Study of biological diversity and the evolutionary relationship among organism both extinct and modern ( descendant among ancestors)

Systematics

Develop the early classification system for plants and animals based on anatomy and physiology

John ray (1600)

Extended ray's idea regarding taxonomy. He introduced the two kingdom scheme and proposed the binomial system of nomenclature in naming organism

Carolus Linnaeus(1700)

He is a German entomologist who proposed the systematics as another way of classifying living organism

Willi hennig (1950)

He is an American ecologist who proposed the five kingdoms scheme

Robert Whittaker (1969)

He is an American biologist who proposed the category called domains which classification are based on information in the sequence of genus

Carl woese(1970)

Taxonomy of organism


(The hierarchy of groups)

Domain kingdom classes orders families genus and species

Domains

Bacteria


Archea


Eukarya

Kingdoms

Protista


Fungi


Plantae


Animalia


Latinized name adapted for nalang a particular organsim

Genus and species( binomial nomenclature)

Other word for species

Epithet

Front (Term)


Identify

Human classification

Animal classification

Back (Definition)

A series of bulges that develops in the pharyngeal throat region

Pharyngeal arches

Extends beyond the anus

Tail

This a dorsal,flexible rod found only in the embryo

Notochord

This is a column of nervous tissue that passes along the dorsal side of the body and has central canal filled with fluid

Dorsal hollow nerve chord

The most important atom in biological molecules

Carbon

It is the smallest critical element and is capable passing through the cell wall

Hydrogen

Our DNA are held together by?

Hydrogen bonds

Play only limited role because they are essentially insoluble in water

Hydrocarbons

Overiding key ingredient


Plays a powerful and primary role in our overall health and well-being

Oxygen

Makes up all the proteins and amino acids

Nitrogen

Covalent bond between the carboxyl group and an amino group

Amide bonds

Both reactants are amino acids

Peptide bonds

The end of the protein with amino group

N-terminus

The end of the protein with the carboxyl group

C-terminus

A protein that had 3d shape and biologically active

Polypeptide

2types of protein

Monomeric


Miltimeric

Consist of single polypeptide

Monomeric

Consist of teo or more polypeptide

Multimeric

The most common covalent bond and stabilization of protein conformation

Disulfide bond

Transient dipoles

Van der waals

This is the important source of readily available fuel to supply energy for metabolic processes

Carbohydrates

Simple sugars


6 carbon sugars


Glucose


Galactose


Fructose


Pentose ( nucleic acid)

Monosaccharide

Two 6 carbon sugars

Oligosaccharides /disaccharides

Types of disaccharide

Lactose


Sucrose


Maltose

Long change of polymer sugars

Polysaccharides

Types of steroids

Estrogen


Androgens


Cortisol


Aldosterone