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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is total osmotic pressure? What is effective osmotic pressure?
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Total: osmotic pressure of a solution if it were separated from pure water by a solute impermeable membrane.
Effective: osmotic pressure difference exerted across the membrane separating two solutions. |
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What two pressures determine the osmolarity effective osmotic pressure? Which is more important in determining the actual pressure difference?
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Crystalloid osmotic pressure is 99% of osmotic pressure, but is the same in plasma and ISF.
Oncotic pressure determines 1% of the pressure, but is 3 mmHg in plasma and 25 mmHg in ISF. Determines fluid movement. |
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What is hypoosmotic? What is hyperosmotic? What is hypooncotic? What is hyperoncotic?
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Hypoosmotic- lower osmolarity than plasma.
Hyperosmotic- higher osmolarity than plasma. Hypooncotic- lower oncotic pressure than plasma. Hyperoncotic- higher oncotic pressure than plasma. |
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What is an isotonic solution? What is a hypotonic solute? What is a hypertonic solution?
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Isotonic- no change in ICF, same osmolarity.
Hypotonic- water movement out of ICF because of hyperosmotic solution. Hypertonic- water movement into ICF because of hypoosmotic solution. |
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What is the normal osmolarity of body fluid? What is the volume of ECF? ICF?
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Osmolarity- 286 mOsm/L
ECF- 14 L ICF- 28 L |
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What occurs in a hypertonic contraction? When would this happen? What are the compensations?
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Loss of water in excess of sodium occurs during sweating or lack of water intake.
Water moves from the ICF to the ECF to make the osmolarity equal, but higher than normal in both compartments. |
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what occurs in an isotonic contraction? When would this happen? What are the compensations?
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Loss of sodium and water, occurs during GI fluid loss.
No compensation because the compartments are osmotically the same. |
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What occurs in a hypotonic contraction? When would this happen? what are the compenstations?
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Loss of sodium without water, occurs in adrenal insufficiency or replacement of fluid.
Water moves from the ECF to the ICF to equilibrate the osmolarities at a lower level. |
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What occurs in a hypertonic expansion? When would this happen? What are the compensations?
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Excess sodium intake, occurs in salt poisoning or sea water.
Water moves from the ICF to the ECF to equilibrate the osmolarities at a higher level. |
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What occurs in isotonic expansion? When would this happen? What are the compensations?
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Excess of sodium and water, occurs in IV infusion of saline, edema.
No compensation occurs. |
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What occurs in a hypotonic expansion? When would this happen? What are the compensations?
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Excess of water by water intake or elevated ADH.
Water moves from the ECF to the ICF to equilibrate the osmolarity at a lower level. |
