Intro To Sono- Ch 4 - Ergonomics

Front 1

Ergonomic concepts gained popularity during the ______ _______

Back 1

industrial revolution

Front 2

a method that improved worker efficiency by improving the job process

Back 2

scientific management

Front 3

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders

the most common complaint was _________ pain

Back 3

shoulder

Front 4

Incidence of Work-related musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMSD)s was found to be _____ in the United States

Back 4

81%

Front 5

where industry-specific guidelines do not exist, the _____ ____ ____ is used

Back 5

general duty clause

Front 6

________ ___ to the general duty clause states that each employee shall comply with occupational safety and health standards and all rules, regulations, and orders issued pursuant to this Act that are applicable to his or her own actions and conduct

Back 6

Section 5b

Front 7

The term that is currently in use for occupational injury

Back 7

Work-related musculoskeletal disorder (WRMSD)

Front 8

______ _______ are defined as injuries that:

result in restricted work

result in days away from work

involve MSD symptoms that remain for 7 or more days

Involve MSD symptoms that require medical treatment beyond first aid

Back 8

WRMSD incidents

Front 9

Ultrasound examination specialties such as __________, _____ _____ _____, and to a lesser extent, _______ ______ involve _______ motion that can cause WRMSD

Back 9

echocardiography

High-risk obstetric scanning

vascular sonography

repetitive

Front 10

helps organizations work with OSHA to prevent workplace injuries by educating and leading employers and their employees in advancing workplace safety and health

Back 10

alliance program

Front 11

the Society for Diagnostic Medical Sonography hosts _______ ______ ______ ______ ______

Back 11

International Ultrasound Industry Consensus Conference

Front 12

International ultrasound industry consensus conference

Administrators addressed the issues of ______, _____, and _____ ____

Back 12

workload

scheduling

room size

Front 13

International ultrasound industry consensus conference

Sonographers discussed ______ _____, ______, and _______

Back 13

best practices

education

training

Front 14

International ultrasound industry consensus conference

also discussed were the need for accredited programs to include curriculum related to ______ and ______ ____ and the need for ______ ____ to test knowledge of ______ _____

Back 14

ergonomics

injury prevention

certifying bodies

risk factors

Front 15

International ultrasound industry consensus conference

________ _______ address the role of employees and employers, educators, medical facilities, and equipment manufacturers in reducing the impact of work-related injuries on the workforce and are intended to assist all stakeholders in making informed decisions

Back 15

Industry standards

Front 16

WRMSDs include injuries of ______, _____, and ______

Back 16

muscles

tendons

joints

Front 17

Positive relationship is demonstrated between the severity of MSDs and the performance of repetitive work task(s) that require _____ _____ with or without _____ ______

Back 17

forceful movements

repetitive motion

Front 18

relationship between the user and the work station equipment has become "frozen," and the rocker is often forced into a ______ _____

Back 18

static posture

Front 19

combination of repetitive motions and prolonged static postures results in ________ ______ and eventually ______

Back 19

musculoskeletal discomfort

injury

Front 20

Risk factors for WRMSDs

(5)

Back 20

forceful exertions

awkward postures and prolonged static postures

repetitive motions

"pinch" grip

environmental factors such as extreme heat, cold, humidity, or vibrations

Front 21

awkward and static postures cause muscles to be ______ ________; therefore they cannot receive ________ or get rid of _______

Back 21

contracted continuously

oxygen

toxins

Front 22

inflammation of the tendon and the sheath around the tendon, which often occur together

Back 22

tendonitis and tenosynovitis

Front 23

specific type of tendonitis of the thumb that can result from gripping the transducer

Back 23

de Quervain disease

Front 24

entrapment of the median nerve as it runs through the carpal bones of the wrist. Results from repeated flexion and extension of the _______ and also develops from mechanical pressure against the wrist

Back 24

Carpal tunnel

wrist

Front 25

Entrapment of the ulnar nerve as it runs through the elbow. Can result from repeated twisting of the forearm and mechanical pressure against the elbow as it rests on the examination table during scanning

Back 25

Cubital tunnel

Front 26

inflammation of the periosteum in the are of the inset ion of the biceps tendon into the distal humerus. Can result from repeated twisting of the ________

Back 26

Epicondylitis (lateral and medial)

forearm

Front 27

nerve entrapment that can occur at different levels, resulting in a variety of symptoms

Back 27

thoracic outlet syndrome

Front 28

inflammation and swelling of the tendon sheath in a finger that entraps the tendon and restricts the motion of the finer

Back 28

trigger finger

Front 29

inflammation of the shoulder bursa from repeated motion

Back 29

bursitis (shoulder)

Front 30

repeated motion, which causes fraying of the rotator cuff muscle tendons. This injury increases with age and is even more prevalent when work-related stresses are added. Repeated arm abduction contributes to this injury by restricting blood flow to the soft tissues of the shoulder.

Back 30

rotator cuff injury

Front 31

intervertebral disk degeneration that results from bending and twisting and improper seating

Back 31

spinal degeneration

Front 32

administrative controls

try to share ________ _____ with other staff

Back 32

bedside examinations

Front 33

work-related injuries must be reported immediately to ______ ____ or _____ _______ departments

Back 33

occupational health

risk management

Front 34

injuries should be recorded on _______ logs

Back 34

OSHA