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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is Psychology? |
The scientific study of behavior and the mind |
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What is Clinical Psychology? |
The study and treatment of mental disorders |
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What is cognitive psychology? |
The study of how the mind processes information |
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What is behavior? |
Observable activity (i.e actions, responses and mental processes) |
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What is the scientific approach? |
Gathering information as empirical evidence to answer questions and test beliefs |
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What are the 4 main goals of psychology? |
1. Describe behavior 2. Explain/understand the cause(s) of certain behaviors 3. Predict behaviors under certain conditions 4. Influence/control behaviors through knowledge & control of its causes |
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What are the 3 factors of behavior? |
1. Biological (i.e genes, hormones, etc) 2. Individual (i.e personality traits) 3. Environmental (i.e social settings) |
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What are the 3 Levels of Analysis? |
1. Biological (i.e chemical/hormonal internal reasoning for behaviors) 2. Psychological (i.e past experiences, thoughts, feelings, etc.) 3. Environmental (i.e supportive/non-supportive influential surroundings) |
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What is mind-body dualism? |
The belief that the mind is a spiritual entity not subject to physical laws that govern the body |
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What is monism? |
The belief that the mind and body are one; mental events are produced by physical events |
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What does the school of British Empiricism believe? |
That all ideas and knowledge are gained empirically - through experiences |
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What is structuralism? |
The analysis of the mind in terms of its basic elements |
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What is introspection? |
The method of studying sensations, views, feelings & emotions through self-reports |
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What is Functionalism? |
The study of the function of conciousness |
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What is the Psycho-dynamic Perspective? |
The search for the causes of behavior within the inner workings of our personality (i.e personal traits, motives & emotions) |
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What is Basic research? |
The quest for knowledge purely for the sake of knowing |
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What is applied research? |
Research used to solve specific practical problems |
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What is cognitive behaviorism ? |
The idea that humans think and learn behaviors through observations of others |
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What is the humanistic perspective? |
The human subjective experience of the world - how humans experience things, why they experience things, etc. |
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What is another name for cognitive perspective? |
"Gestalt Psychology" |
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What is the sociocultural perspective? |
The study of how the social environment influences behaviour. (i.e cultures, social norms, etc.) |
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What is a culture? |
Enduring values, beliefs & traditions shared/passed on by groups of people |
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What is the method of tenacity? |
People's beliefs on how the world and others operate, based on their own experiences |
They "know" it to be true, so "its the truth" |
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What is the method of authority? |
People believing/knowing things because someone in authority told them it was so (i.e teacher, parent or boss) |
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What is the "A priori" method? |
An idea that is believed to be true because it is a logical result - the information was already there |
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What is the method of science? |
The testing of statements/ideas (i.e theories or hypotheses) through systematic research and observations |
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What are the 4 principles of knowledge? |
1. The method of tenacity 2. The method of authority 3. The "A priori" method 4. The method of science |
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What is scientific psychology? |
Systematic study of behavior and experience whether its public & observable or private thoughts |
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What is a non-scientific theory? |
A theory that makes no predictions, is untestable & and can't be proven false - a belief system |
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How are variables measured? |
1. Self- report (valuable but often biased by social desirability) 2. Physiological (establishing links between physicial responses & mental events) 3. Behavioral |
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What are the 3 methods of research? |
1. Descriptive (describes behavior in natural settings) 2. Correlation studies (searching for any relationships between variables) 3. Experimental Methods ("cause and effect" relationships) |
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What is meta-analysis ? |
A statistical procedure of combining the results from different studies that examine the same topic |
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