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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. What are the physiologic functions of bone?
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a. Store calcium and phosphorus
b. Store other trace elements |
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2. How does bone develop?
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a. By transformation of preexisting connective tissue
b. Osteoid formed by proteoglycans and collagen c. Mineral crystals deposited by osteoblasts in matrix d. Osteoblasts become osteocytes |
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3. What cells are associated with bone resorption?
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a. Osteoclasts
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4. Where does endochondral ossification occur?
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a. Articular cartilage
b. Epiphysial plate cartilage |
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5. Where does intramembranous ossification occur?
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a. Deeper layers of periosteum
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6. What type of bone formation adds length?
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a. Endochondral ossification
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7. What type of bone formation adds width?
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a. Intramembranous ossification
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8. What is Wolff’s law?
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a. Bone is deposited in the sites subjected to stress
b. Bone is resorbed from sites where there is little stress |
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9. What are the four zones of epiphyseal growth?
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a. Germinal cells
b. Proliferation c. Hypertrophy d. Calcification |
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10. What is a fracture?
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a. A break in the continuity of the bone
b. Soft tissue injuries with underlying bone involvement |
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11. Do fractures dislocate or displace?
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a. Displace
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12. What is the initial care of a fracture?
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a. Correct significant malalignment
b. Splint c. Obtain and maintain reduction d. Obtain union e. Rehab to restore function |
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13. What are some types of splints?
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a. Robert Jones splint
b. Inflatable splints c. RICE+splint d. Neurocirculatory monitoring |
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14. How do you obtain reduction?
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a. Alignment
b. Apposition c. Conservation of length d. Immobilization |
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15. What is the first step in fracture healing?
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a. Callus formation
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16. What is distraction osteogenesis?
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a. Bones are maintained at a distance (microscopic) and new bone fills in the gap
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17. What is compression osteogenesis?
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a. Two ends of fracture are pushed into contact to allow bone to heal
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18. Which is more effective, distraction or compression?
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a. Distraction
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19. What type of bones heal the fastest?
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a. Those with access to a vast blood supply and muscle attachments
b. --Clavicle doesn’t have this, longer to heal |
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20. What is the healing rate of metaphyseal fractures?
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a. Fast
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21. What is the healing rate of open fractures?
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a. Delayed
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22. What is the healing rate of spiral fractures?
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a. Heal faster than transverse fractures
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23. What are some surgeon’s options in fracture healing?
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a. Closed reduction with cast immobilization
b. Continuous traction followed by casting c. Open or closed reduction with internal fixation d. Open or closed reduction with external fixation |
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24. What are the benefits of a closed reduction?
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a. Avoid stripping of periosteum
b. Decrease chance of infection c. No scar |
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25. What are the indications for an open reduction?
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a. Intra-articular fracture
b. Irreducible fractures c. Unstable fractures d. Early mobilization e. Certain physeal fractures |
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26. What should be freed up in early mobilization?
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a. Joint both proximal and distal to fracture
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