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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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location in which data, instructions, and information are held for future use.
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Storage
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electronic components in a computer that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, the data needed by those instructions, and the results of the processed data (information)
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Memory
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electric, electronic, and mechanical components contained in a computer
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Hardware
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Series of instructions that tells a computer what to do an how to do it, existing on storage media such as a floppy disk or compact disk
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Software
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Programs that control or maintain the operations of a computer and its devices
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System Software
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Program that performs specific tasks for users, acting as a business tool
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Application Software
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Collection of unprocessed items, which can include text, numbers, images, audio, and video
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data
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series of instructions that tells a computer what to do and how to do it. Also called software
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Program
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type of communications device that either converts a computer's digital signals into analog signals so the signals can be transmitted over standard telephone lines or converts the analog signals back into digital signals that a computer can process
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modem
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main circuit board of the system unit, which has some electronic components attached to it and others built into it
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motherboard
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network that connects computers and devices in a limited geographical area
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LAN (local area network)
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type of network that convers a large geographic area, such as a city, a country, or the world
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WAN (wide area network)
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appication software that allows users to access and view webpages
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browser
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a computer in a network that controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on the network and provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information
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server
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regional or national provider of access to the internet
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ISP (internet service provider)
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company that provides Internet access as well as many members-only features
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OSL (online service provider)
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type of digital dedicated line that transmits data at fast speeds on existing standard copper telephone wiring.
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DSL
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digital modem that provides high-speed internet connections through the cable television network
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cablem modem
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type of memory that can be read from and written to by the processor and other devices. Programs and data are loaded into the ____ from storage devices such as a hard disk and remain in RAM as long as the computer has continuous power.
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RAM (random access memory)
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type of memory that is used to store permanent data and instructions because it is nonvolatile memory
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ROM (read-only memory)
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potentially damaging program that affects, or infects, an computer negatively by altering the way the computer works without a user's knowledge or permission.
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virus
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rectangular area of a computer screen that displays a program, data, and/or information
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window
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portion of software that defines how a user interacts with a computer
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user interface
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collection of individual programs sold as a single package.
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software suite
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sequence of keystrokes and instuctions that a user records and saves in an application, allowing users to automate routine, repetitive, or difficult tasks
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macro
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small quartz crystal circuit that is used by the processor to control the timing of all computer operations
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system clock
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smallest unit of data a computer can process.
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bit
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eight bits that are grouped together as a unit. It provides enough different combinations of 0s and 1s to represent 256 individual characters.
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byte
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circuit board that enhances the functions of a component of a system unit and/or provides connections to peripherals
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expansion card
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coding scheme used primarily on mainframe computers and high end servers
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EBCDIC
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most widely used coding scheme to represent data
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ASCII
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1 million bytes
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megabyte (MB)
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1 thousand bytes
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kb
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1 billion bytes
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GB
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type of memory that loses its contents when a computers power is turned off
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volatile
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port that can connect up to 127 different peripherals with a single connector type
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USB (universal serial bus port)
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bar code used by retail and grocery stores to identify an item
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UPC (universal product code)
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type of high-speed parallel port to which peripherals, such as disk drives and printers can be attached
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SCSI port
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optical reader technology that permits typewritten, computer-printed, or hand-orinted characters to be read and translated from ordinary documents and into a form that a computer can process
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OCR (optical character recognition)
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location in a retail or grocery store where a consumer pays for goods or services
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point to sale (POS)
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technology used by some RAM chips, flash memory chips, and other types of memory chips that provides high speeds and consumes little power by using battery power to retain information even when the power to a computer is turned off.
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complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS)
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size of a bus, which determines the number of bits taht a computer can transmit at one time
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bus width
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high speed expansion bus that connects devices
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local bus
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duplicate of file, program, or disk that can be used if the original is lost, damaged, or destroyed
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backup and why we use it
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type of optical disk that uses laser technology to store data, instructions, and information
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CD-ROM
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Multisession CD onto which useres can record their own items, such as text, graphics, and audio
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CD-R
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Erasable CD onto which users can write and rewrite data, instructions, and information
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CD-RW
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extremely high capacity optical disk that is capable of storing
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DVD-ROM
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