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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three states of matter?
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Solid - rigid, has a fixed shape and volume
Liquid - has definite volume, but takes on shape of container Gas - no fixed shape or volume, takes on shape and volume of container |
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What are physical properties?
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odor
color volume state density boiling/melting point |
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What are chemical properties?
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referes to the ability to form new substances.
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What is a physical change?
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involves a change in one or more physical properties, but no change in the fundamental components that make up the substance
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What is a chemical change?
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involves a change in the fundamental components of the substance.
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at is another name for a chemical change?
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reaction
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What is an element
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A fundamental substance that cannot be broken down into another substance by chemical means.
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What is a compound?
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A substance composed of a given combination of elements that can be broken down into those elements by chemical methods.
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What is a mixture?
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a substance with variable composition.
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What is a pure substance?
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Substance with the same composition.
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Can mixtures be seperated into pure substances?
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yes.
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True or False
All mixtures are homogeneous? |
False. They can be Homogeneous (same throughout) or heterogeneous (regions with different properties).
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name 2 methods of seperating mixtures.
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Distillation - seperates water from salt water by boiling (changing states), collecting and cooling the steam (changing states).
Filtration - seperates a liquid from a solid. |
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What is energy?
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the capacity to do work.
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What is heat?
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a flow of energy due to a temperature difference.
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What is exothermic?
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when a process results in the evaluation of heat.
exo = out of (match burning) |
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What is endothermic?
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When a process absorbs heat. (ice melting)
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What is a calorie?
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the amount of energy (heat) required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree celsius.
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What is a joule?
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the unit of energy in the SI system.
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How do you convert between calories and joules?
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1 calorie = 4.184 joules. Use conversion factor 1 cal/4.184 j
If 7.4 grams at 29 deg and plan to raise to 46 deg, then 46-29 = 17 deg change. So, 7.4 x 4.184j x 17 =526 j |
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What is specific heat capacity?
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the amount of energy required to change the temp of 1 gram of substance by 1 degree celsius.
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What is the formula for specific heat capacity?
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energy (heat) required = Q
Specific heat capacity = S Mass in grams of sample = M Change in temp in celcius = change T so: Q = S x M x Change T |
