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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Normal Blood glucoses lvl?
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Normoglyemia
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normal blood glucose lvls are b/t?
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70-110mg/ml
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evelvated blood glucose lvls?
low blood glucose lvls? |
Hyperglycemia
Hypoglycemia |
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glucose is stored in the form of? a? in?
First line of defense against declining blood glucose concentration |
Glycogen
polysaccharide Liver |
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During and immediately following a meal, glucose is converted in liver to? for storage
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Glycogen
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Glycogen is gradually degraded b/t meals, by the pathway of? releasing glucose to maintain blood glucose concentration.
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Glycogenolysis
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During sleep, when we are not eating, there is a gradual shift from? to de nova synthesis of glucose in liver known as?
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Glycogenolysis
Glycogenesis |
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T/F - No glycogen is stored in muscle?
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False - limited amounts
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T/F - Tissue glycogen is not available for blood glucose?
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True
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Supplies glucose during bursts of physical energy?
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Muscular Glycogen
Muscles also rely on fats as a source of energy. |
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Glycogen is a polymer of glucose residues linked by:
glycosidic bonds mainly? at branch points? |
alpha1-->4
alpha1-->6 |
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precursor for glycogenesis?
converts glucose to G6P |
Glucose-6-phosphate
Glucokinase in liver |
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enzyme is inducible by high-CHO diet, and increases the concentration of G6P rapidly in liver following a cho-rich meal, forcing glucose into all major pathways of glucose metabolism
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Glucokinase
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If needed excess? in liver is funneled into glycolysis
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G6P
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Four Enz's are required to incorporate a molecule of glucose into a growing chain.
1.)G6P -->G1P? 2.)G1P + UTP -->UDP-glucose + PPi 3.)UDP-glu + glycogen(n) --> UDP + glycogen (n+1) 4.) transfers some of the 1-->4 linked sufars to a 1-->6 branch,setting the stage for continued elongation of both a 1-->4 chains until they, in turn, become long enough for transfer by branching enz. |
Phosphoglucomutase
Pyrophosphorylase Glycogen Synthase Transglycosylase |
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Glycogen synthase requires a preexisting primer of at least? glucose residues lined a-1,4 and attached to the 1prime OH of a ? residue of the protein glycogen.
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4
Tyrosine |
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regulatory enzyme for glycogenesis?
IT is ? activated by G6P when plentiful |
Glycogen Synthase
Allosterically |
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Glycogen is degraded by the sequential removal of glucose units from the "non-reducing end"
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Glycogenolysis
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Glycogenolysis begins w/the removal of the abundant, external alpha 1-->4 linked glucose residues in glycogen. This is accomplished by? which releases glucose from glycogen in the form of G1P which is later converted to G6P by?
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Glycogen Phosphorylase
Phosphoglucomutase |
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Glycogen phosphorylase is specific for?
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alpha1-->4 linkages
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