Intro To Anthropology: Ch 7

Front 1

define Homo
when did they emerge
what are their key characteristics

Back 1

The genus of bipeds that appeared 2.5 million years ago
characterized by increased brain size compared to earlier bipeds
divided into various species based on brain size, skull shape, and cultural capabilities

Front 2

Oldowan tool tradition

Back 2

the first stone tool industry
beginning between 2.5-2.6 mya

Front 3

percussion method

Back 3

a technique of stone tool manufacture performed by striking the raw material with a hammerstone or by striking raw material against a stone anvil to remove flakes

Front 4

Lower Paleolithic

Back 4

the first part of the Old Stone Age beginning with the earliest Oldowan tools spanning from about 200,000 or 250,000-2.6million years ago

Front 5

define experimental archaeology

Back 5

the recreation of ancient lifeways by modern paleoanthropologists in order to test hypotheses, interpretations, and assumptions about the past

Front 6

Homo habilis
what does it mean?
when did it emerge?
how does it differ from previous bipeds?

Back 6

"Handy human"
the first fossil members of the genus home
appearing 2.5 million years ago
larger brains and smaller faces than australopithecines

Front 7

define gender

Back 7

the cultural elaborations and meanings assigned to the biological differentiation between the sexes

Front 8

marrow

Back 8

the fatty nutritious tissue inside of long bones where blood cells are produced

Front 9

tertiary scavenger

Back 9

in a good chain, the third animal group (second to scavenge) to obtain meat from a kill made by a predator

Front 10

Homo erectus, what does it mean?
define
when did it emerge?
where?

Back 10

"Upright human"
a species within the genus homo
appearing just after 2 million years ago
appeared first in africa then spread throughout the old world

Front 11

Acheulean tool tradition

Back 11

the prevalent style of stone tools associated with Homo erectus remains and represented by the hand-axe

Front 12

hypoglossal canal

Back 12

the opening in the skull that accommodates the tongue-controlling hypoglossal nerve
larger opening indicates speech

Front 13

archaic Homo sapiens

Back 13

a loosely defined group within the genus Homo that "lumpers" use for fossils with the combination of large brain size and ancestral features on the skull

Front 14

Levalloisian technique

Back 14

toolmaking technique by which three or four long triangular flakes are detached from a specially prepared core
developed by members of the genus Homo transitional from H. erectus to H. sapiens

Front 15

Neanderthals

Back 15

a distinct group within the genus Homo
inhabiting Europe and southwestern Asia
approximately 30,000-125,000 years ago

Front 16

Denisovians

Back 16

a newly discovered group of archaic Homo sapiens from southern Siberia
dated to between 30.000-50,000 years ago

Front 17

Middle Paleolithic

Back 17

the middle part of the Old Stone AGe characterized by the development of the Mousterian tool tradition and the earlier Levalloisian traditions

Front 18

Mousterian tool tradition

Back 18

the tool industry of the Neanderthals and their contemporaries of Europe, southwest Asia and north Africa
40,000-125,000 years ago