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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anatomy |
The science of the structure of organisms. |
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Pathology |
The study of diseases. |
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Histology |
The study of tissues. |
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Physiology |
The study of how body parts function. |
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4 structures that make up the body |
1. Cells 2. Tissues 3. Organs 4. Systems |
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Skeletal System |
*Basic framework of the body * Internal support and protection * Production of blood cells * Body movement |
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Muscular System |
* Body movement * Production of heat that maintains body temperature |
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Circulatory System |
(Includes immune & lymphatic) * Made up of heart and blood vessels * Pumps blood to all the body tissues * Carries nutrients, oxygen, and other substances * Carries away waste material |
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Digestive System |
Breaks down food and absorbs nutrients into the blood |
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Respiratory System |
* Rids the blood of carbon dioxide and supplies the blood with oxygen * Helps maintain the pH of the blood |
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Urinary System |
* Rids body of waste certain waste products and excess water * Maintains the volume and chemical composition of the blood |
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Nervous System |
* Made up of brain, spinal cord, and nerves * Controls and coordinates most parts of the body * Includes sense organs |
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Endocrine System |
* Glands secrete hormones which regulate body functions such as growth, food utilization with cells and reproduction |
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Reproductive System |
* Production of sperm and egg * All related structures that are concerned with the production of offspring |
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Integumentary System |
* External support and protection of the body, such as skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, oil glands, etc. * Helps maintain body temperature |
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Cells |
The smallest unit of living things |
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Ovum |
Egg |
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Spermatozoa |
Male germ cell |
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Metabolism |
* All the life-sustaining reactions that go on in the body systems * Can be divided into two types of activities/phases |
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Catabolism |
When complex substances are broken down into simpler compounds with the release of energy |
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Anabolism |
When simple compounds are used to manufacture complex materials needed for growth, function and repair of tissues |
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ATP (Adenosine-triphosphate) |
* The "energy currency" of the cell * Energy obtained from the breakdown of nutrients |
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Intracellular |
Inside the cell - living |
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Intercellular/Extracellular |
Outside the cell - Non-living |
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Homeostasis |
* Stasis - Staying * Homeo - Same * Relative consistency of the body's internal environment |
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Sagittal plane |
(Midsaggital) Divides the body into left and right planes |
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Frontal plane |
Divides the body into front and back planes |
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Transverse planes |
Divides the body into upper and lower planes |
