Intro A&p

Front 1

The 2 characteristics necessary to generate electrical currents are?

Back 1

1. excitability 2. conduction

Front 2

The ability of muscle cells to respond to a certain stimulus is called?

Back 2

excitability

Front 3

Neuron cell processes that carry impulses toward the cell body are termed?

Back 3

Dendrites

Front 4

The control center of the cell is the?

Back 4

nucleus

Front 5

The inside contents of the cell is called?

Back 5

cytoplasm

Front 6

That portion of the cell that contains the nucleus is called?

Back 6

the cell body

Front 7

The neuron cell process that carries impulses away from the cell body is the?

Back 7

axon

Front 8

The spaces between the myelin sheath are called?

Back 8

Nodes of Ranvier

Front 9

The fatty insulating substance formed by Schwann cells and forms a sheath on some neurons cell processes is called?

Back 9

Myelin sheath

Front 10

The terminating ends of the axon are called?

Back 10

axon terminals

Front 11

The structures found at the distal end of the axon terminals are called?

Back 11

synaptic end bulbs

Front 12

Electrolytes are separated by the ___ ___________, which acts as a semi-permeable membrane.

Back 12

cell membrane

Front 13

As electrolytes accumulate they form _____________ fields?

Back 13

electrical

Front 14

The electrical field outside the cell is _______?

Back 14

positive

Front 15

This is primarily due to accumulation of ___________ ions?

Back 15

sodium

Front 16

the electrical field inside the cell is?

Back 16

negative

Front 17

The membrane at rest is called ___ _________ ________; also known are the polarized state?

Back 17

resting membrane potential

Front 18

The voltage at rest is?

Back 18

-70mV

Front 19

The ion of depolarization is?

Back 19

sodium

Front 20

the ion of repolarziation is?

Back 20

potassium

Front 21

Movement of current down an unmyelineated axom is called?

Back 21

Continuous condution

Front 22

Movement down a myelinated axon is called?

Back 22

Saltatory conduction (because it jumps from node to node)

Front 23

Neurotransmitter moves out of the synaptic end bulb by the process of?

Back 23

exocytosis

Front 24

The place where information is transferred from one neuron to another cell is the?

Back 24

synapse

Front 25

Which is formed by a neuron and another cell such as a glandular cell, a muscle cell or another?

Back 25

neuron

Front 26

Neurotransmitter is a?

Back 26

chemical message

Front 27

The functional unit of the nervous system is the?

Back 27

reflex arc

Front 28

Reflexes are rapid, predictable and?

Back 28

automatic

Front 29

the term that means "staying the same" and is a method to keep physiological changes within ranges is called?

Back 29

homeostasis

Front 30

A self-regulating system that reverses a change in a conrolled condition is a?

Back 30

Negative feedback

Front 31

The feedback loop uses the components of the reflex arc; the 3 components of the reflex arc are the?

Back 31

1. receptor
2. integration center
3. effector

Front 32

Negative feedback as used with the endocrine system is called the?

Back 32

neuroendocrine response

Front 33

Positive feedback differs from negative feedback in what way?

Back 33

the response intensifies and reinforces the stimulus and increase in strength

Front 34

both eht nervous system and the endocrine system are coordinated by the?

Back 34

hypothalamus (found in the brain)

Front 35

Glands the secrete their secretions into ducts are called?

Back 35

exocrine glands (uses exocytosis to move substances)

Front 36

Glands that secrete their secretions into interstitial fluid and then absorb by the blood are called the?

Back 36

endocrine glands (uses exocytosis to move substances)

Front 37

specific cells where hormones go so they may activate them are called?

Back 37

target cells/tissue

Front 38

When a hormone and a receptor combine they form a?

Back 38

hormone-receptor complex

Front 39

Thyroid hormone is important to help regulate?

Back 39

metabolism

Front 40

The thyroid gland and its hormones are controlled by the?

Back 40

hypothalamus

Front 41

Antidiuretic horomone causes water to be ____________ into the blood?

Back 41

reabsorbed

Front 42

Aldosterone is responsible for maintaining levels of?

Back 42

1. Sodium
2. chloride
3. potassium

Front 43

Parathyroid hormone that causes blood calcium levels to be?

Back 43

raised

Front 44

Calcitonin is a hormone that causes blood calcium levels to be?

Back 44

lowered

Front 45

The disease that is caused by low insulin levels is called?

Back 45

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Front 46

Hypersecrection of the thyroid gland can lead to?

Back 46

Graves Disease

Front 47

Hyposecretion of the thyroid gland can lead to ________ in infants.

Back 47

Cretinism

Front 48

Hyposecretion of the thyrod gland can lead to _______in adults?

Back 48

myxedema

Front 49

Hypersecretion of growth hormone can lead to?

Back 49

giantism

Front 50

Hyposecretion of growth hormones can lead to?

Back 50

dwarfism

Front 51

Hypersecretion of glucocorticoids can lead to?

Back 51

Cushings syndrome